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PRNU 228 > Week 9 Reproductive System > Flashcards

Week 9 Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

ethinyl estradiol & drospirenone (Yasmin) class

A

Oral Contraceptives – Combination estrogen/progesterone

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2
Q

ethinyl estradiol & drospirenone (Yasmin) EPA

A

Suppresses secretion of FSH & LH, thus preventing ovulation.
Progesterone thickens cervical mucus; Prevents endometrium thickening.
Drospirenone works similarly to spironolactone thereby decreasing ankle edema & treating PMS symptoms

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3
Q

ethinyl estradiol & drospirenone (Yasmin) therapeutic use

A

prevent pregnancy
relieve PMS symptoms
stabilize menses
prevent uterine/ovarian cancer, PID, ovarian cysts

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4
Q

ethinyl estradiol & drospirenone (Yasmin) ADRs

A

thromboembolism
abnormal uterine bleeding
promote growth of existing breast cancer
potential risk for HTN
hyperkalemia (drospirenone)

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5
Q

ethinyl estradiol & drospirenone (Yasmin)
contraindications

A

teratogenic
BRCA1 gene mutation
ACE inhibitors
effectiveness decreased by anti seizure and antifungal

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6
Q

ethinyl estradiol & drospirenone (Yasmin) interventions and education

A

Confirm absence of pregnancy FIRST
Additional method of birth control during 1st cycle of pills
Avoid salt substitutes (drospirenone)
Monitor K+ due to potential for hyperkalemia (drospirenone)
Monitor BP
Monitor for s/sx of DVT/PE/MI/Stroke
Avoid smoking
Monitor pattern & amt of uterine bleeding
D/C if any indication of breast cancer

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7
Q

levonorgestrel (Mirena) class

A

contraceptive IUD

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8
Q

levonorgestrel ( Mirena) therapeutic use

A

pregnancy prevention
treat PMS symptoms and heavy periods
emergency contraceptive
endometriosis and fibroids

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9
Q

levonorgestrel ( Mirena) ADRs

A

acne, migraines, vaginitis, ovarian cysts, hair loss or unwanted hair growth, decreased libido, PID, ectopic pregnancy, uterine perforation

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10
Q

levonorgestrel ( Mirena) contraidications

A

teratogenic
PID
past or current cancer of breasts, cervix, uterus
less than 6 weeks postpartum

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11
Q

levonorgestrel ( Mirena) interventions and education

A

Confirm absence of pregnancy FIRST
Avoid smoking
Monitor pattern & amt of uterine bleeding
Teach client to feel for IUD strings with a clean finger once/month after menses
Call provider if strings seem shorter or longer than usual/can’t locate string/unable to feel IUD
Report any sudden abdominal pain/cramping/vaginal bleeding, abnormal discharge, fever

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12
Q

conjugated estrogen & medroxyprogesterone acetate (Prempo) class

A

Estrogen and Progesterone HRT

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13
Q

conjugated estrogen & medroxyprogesterone acetate (Prempo) EPA

A

Binds to estrogen receptors and substitutes the fluctuating amounts of estrogen into a more stable amount of estrogen to prevent symptoms.
Adding in progesterone suppresses tissue growth in the uterus thereby preventing hyperplasia of uterine lining.

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14
Q

conjugated estrogen & medroxyprogesterone acetate (Prempo) Therapeutic Use

A

relieves symptoms of menopause

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15
Q

conjugated estrogen & medroxyprogesterone acetate (Prempo) ADRs

A

nausea
HTN
vaginal bleeding
edema
weight gain
breast cancer
thromboembolic disorders

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16
Q

conjugated estrogen & medroxyprogesterone acetate (Prempo) contraindications/interactions

A

history of thromboembolic events
suspected or confirmed reproductive cancer

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17
Q

conjugated estrogen & medroxyprogesterone acetate (Prempo) interventions and education

A

monitor BP
monitor DVT, PE, MI, stroke symptoms
do not smoke
stop 4 weeks prior to surgery
apply intravaginal or transdermal
monitor uterine bleeding and report persistent vaginal bleeding
discontinue at any indication of cancer

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18
Q

conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) class

A

estrogen HRT

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19
Q

conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) EPA

A

Binds to estrogen receptors and substitutes the fluctuating amounts of estrogen into a more stable amount of estrogen to prevent symptoms

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20
Q

conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) therapeutic use

A

relieves symptoms of menopause

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21
Q

conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) ADRs

A

nausea
HTN
endometrial hyperplasia
thromboembolic disorders

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22
Q

conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) contraindications and interactions

A

history of thromboembolic events
suspected or confirmed reproductive cancer

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23
Q

conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) interventions and education

A

monitor BP
monitor signs of DVT, PE, MI, stroke
avoid smoking
stop 4 weeks prior to surgery
apply intravaginal or transdermal at bedtime
monitor uterine bleeding, report persistent vaginal bleeding
discontinue if signs of cancer

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24
Q

testosterone (Androderm) class

A

androgen - testosterone

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25
Q

testosterone (Androderm) therapeutic use

A

treatment of male hypogonadism, delayed puberty, and testicular failure
treatment of breast cancer in females
Hormone therapy for transgender males

26
Q

testosterone (Androderm) EPA

A

synthetic testosterone

27
Q

testosterone (Androderm) administration

A

PO, IM, intranasal, transdermal, buccal upper gums, subQ

28
Q

testosterone (Androderm) ADRs

A

development of male characteristics
hypertension
growth of prostate cancer
gynecomastia
hepatotoxic
premature bone growth plate closure in children
increased irritability and aggression

29
Q

testosterone (Androderm) interventions and education

A

educate about virilization effects
screen for prostate cancer
monitor growth of children and adolescents
monitor liver function, weight, sodium
educate about gynecomastia and mood changes

30
Q

testosterone (Androderm) contraindications

A

teratogenic
prostate cancer or BPH
hypertension
increase action of insulin/antidiabetic meds
increases risks of warfarin

31
Q

finasteride (Proscar) class

A

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

32
Q

finasteride (Proscar) therapeutic use

A

BPH and male pattern baldness
reduces risk of prostate cancer

33
Q

finasteride (Proscar) EPA

A

Inhibits 5-alpha reductase, the enzyme responsible for converting testosterone to 5-alpha DHT.

inhibits metabolism of testosterone, causing decreased proliferation of prostatic cells

reduces the enlargement of the prostate gland and mechanical obstruction of the urethra.

34
Q

finasteride (Proscar) ADRs

A

reduced libido, ejaculate volume
gynecomastia

35
Q

finasteride (Proscar) interventions and education

A

pregnant nurse, caregiver, or pharmacist should not handle drug, especially if crushed
baseline PSA
cancer screening

36
Q

finasteride (Proscar) contraindications and interactions

A

women, children, pregnancy
caution with obstructive urinary disorders and live impairment

37
Q

tamsulosin (Flomax) class

A

Alpha1-adrenergic blockers

38
Q

tamsulosin (Flomax) therapeutic use

A

Treats BPH and improves urination

39
Q

tamsulosin (Flomax) EPA

A

blocks alpha1-adrenergic receptors
smooth muscle relaxation in the prostate and outlet of bladder
increased urinary flow

40
Q

tamsulosin (Flomax) ADRs

A

ejaculation irregularities, HA, dizziness

41
Q

tamsulosin (Flomax) interventions and education

A

educate about altered ejaculation
educate about orthostatic hypotension
monitor BP
change position slowly
do not drive if dizzy

42
Q

tamsulosin (Flomax) contraindications and interactions

A

do not take with ED drugs
not for females and children
caution with hypotension

43
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra) class

A

Phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5) Inhibitors

44
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra) therapeutic use

A

erectile dysfunction

45
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra) EPA

A

blocks PDE5 – which normally ends an erection

46
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra) ADRs

A

priapism
HA
hypotension
fainting
dizziness
rare: hearing or vision loss

47
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra) interventions and education

A

go to ER for erection over 4 hours
take 1 hour prior to sex
high fat foods decrease effects
do not take within 24 hours of nitroglycerin for angina

48
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra) contraindications and interactions

A

caution with recent cardiac events
grapefruit juice increases effects
with tamsulosin = hypotension

49
Q

oxybutynin (Ditropan) class

A

Anticholinergic/Urinary Antispasmodics

50
Q

oxybutynin (Ditropan) therapeutic use

A

spastic bladder conditions (neurogenic bladders), overactive bladders: incontinence, urgency, frequency

51
Q

oxybutynin (Ditropan) EPA

A

blocks muscarinic receptors in the detrusor muscle = bladder relaxation + contraction of internal sphincter

52
Q

oxybutynin (Ditropan) ADRs

A

antichoolinergic = dry

dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, dilated pupils, dry eyes

decreased sweating = increased temp

53
Q

oxybutynin (Ditropan) interventions and education

A

monitor for anticholinergic effects or crisis
urinary retention can cause UTI and bladder distention
caution for hyperthermia
drink lots of water
increase fiber intake

54
Q

oxybutynin (Ditropan) contraindications and interactions

A

closed angle glaucoma
myasthenia gravis
GI obstruction
grapefruit juice and antifungals increase toxicity

55
Q

bethanechol (Urecholine) class

A

Cholinergic/Urinary Stimulant

56
Q

bethanechol (Urecholine) therapeutic use

A

no-obstructive urinary retention

57
Q

bethanechol (Urecholine) EPA

A

activates muscarinic receptors in the detrusor muscle that lines the bladder = bladder contraction. Also relaxes internal sphincter.

58
Q

bethanechol (Urecholine) ADRs

A

cholinergic = wet

salivation, lacrimation, diarrhea

Bronchoconstriction

hypotension and bradycardia

59
Q

bethanechol (Urecholine) interventions and education

A

monitor BP, HR, respiratory
monitor urinary output
educate on hypotension

60
Q

bethanechol (Urecholine) contraindications and interactions

A

hyperthyroidism, asthma, GI ulcers, obstructive urinary retention

PRNU 228 (19 decks)

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