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PRNU 228 > Pain and Inflammation > Flashcards

Pain and Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin (ASA) class

A

First gen NSAIDs COX inhibitors

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2
Q

Aspirin (ASA) therapeutic use

A

relieves mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation, dysmenorrhea
reduces risk of TIAs, CVAs, and MIs

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3
Q

Aspirin (ASA) EPA

A

inhibits actions of COX 1 and 2
blocks pain impulses centrally and peripherally
acts on the hypothalamus as antipyretic
suppresses platelet aggregation

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4
Q

Aspirin (ASA) ADRs

A

nausea, epigastric pain, heartburn, GI bleed, hemorrhage, petechiae, bruising

toxicity causes metabolic acidosis, respiratory failure, cardiac collapse

salicylism is toxicity due to chronic use, characterized by dizziness, tinnitus, and mental confusion

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5
Q

Aspirin (ASA) contraindications and interactions

A

known bleeding risk
teratogenic
age <18

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6
Q

Aspirin (ASA) interventions and education

A

take with food
watch for bleeding or hearing loss
avoid alcohol
avoid for a week before surgery or dental procedures

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7
Q

Aspirin (ASA) black box warning

A

risk of reye’s syndrome if given to children or teenagers

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8
Q

ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) class

A

First gen NSAIDs COX inhibitors

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9
Q

ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) therapeutic use

A

Relieves mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation, dysmenorrhea

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10
Q

ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) EPA

A

: Inhibits the actions of COX-1 & COX-2, but slightly more selective with COX-2

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11
Q

ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) ADRs

A

dry mouth, nausea, heartburn, GI ulceration, nephrotoxicity

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12
Q

ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) black box warning

A

do not give to patients after coronary artery bypass surgery

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13
Q

ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) interventions and education

A

take with food
stay hydrated
watch for bleeding
avoid alcohol

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14
Q

ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) contraindications and interactions

A

known bleeding risk
teratogenic
renal disease

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15
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) class

A

second gen NSAIDs Cox 2 inhibitor

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16
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) therapeutic use

A

treat swelling in joints caused by RA and OA by suppressing inflammation

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17
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) EPA

A

Inhibits COX-2 enzyme to decrease inflammation, it does not affect the COX-1 enzyme

protects the lining of the GI tract and does not inhibit clotting factors

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18
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) ADRs

A

GI upset, kidney dysfunction, cardio and cerebrovascular events

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19
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) black box warning

A

increased risk for MI and CVA

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20
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) contraindications and interactions

A

kidney disease
bleeding disorders
allergy to sulfa
CVA or MI history

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21
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) interventions and education

A

give with food
give 2 hours before magnesium or aluminum based antacids
report chest pain or CVA symptoms

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22
Q

acetaminophen (Tylenol) class

A

nonopioid analgesic

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23
Q

acetaminophen (Tylenol) EPA

A

acts on hypothalamus to increase vasodilation and sweating to reduce fever
inhibits COX to decrease pain but does not have anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects

24
Q

acetaminophen (Tylenol) therapeutic use

A

reduce fever
decrease minor pain

25
acetaminophen (Tylenol) ADRs
hepatotoxicity hypertension
26
acetaminophen (Tylenol) contraindications and interactions
alcohol use disorder liver and kidney disease
27
acetaminophen (Tylenol) interventions and education
do not exceed 4,000 mg in 24 hours check BP regularly
28
tramadol (Ultram) class
centrally acting nonopioid
29
tramadol (Ultram) therapeutic use
moderate to severe pain
30
tramadol (Ultram) EPA
binds to select opioid receptors and block reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in the CNS
31
tramadol (Ultram) ADRs
sedation and dizziness rarely respiratory depression
32
tramadol (Ultram) contraindications and interactions
seizure disorders respiratory depression
33
tramadol (Ultram) interventions and education
take with food only take short term when needed do not take prior to driving or activities that require mental awareness
34
morphine class
opioid agonist
35
morphine therapeutic use
moderate to severe pain
36
morphine EPA
mimics action of endorphins and enkephalins by binding with mu receptors at opioid receptor sites. stimulation of opioid receptors causes analgesia, sedation, euphoria, and respiratory depression.
37
morphine ADRs
respiratory depression lightheadedness dizziness constipation abuse or tolerance
38
morphine contraindications and interactions
respiratory depression pregnancy caution with older adults and infants renal or kidney disease
39
morphine interventions and education
antidote is naloxone monitor respiratory status schedule II - highest risk while still legal take only when needed, short term do not take before driving gradual position change stool softener or laxative
40
buprenorphine (Buprenex) class
opioid agonist-antagonist
41
buprenorphine (Buprenex) therapeutic use
moderate to severe pain anesthesia adjunct treat opioid use disorder
42
buprenorphine (Buprenex) EPA
mu receptor antagonist and kappa receptor agonist fewer mu-related ADRs: resp depression and euphoria milder analgesic effects
43
buprenorphine (Buprenex) ADRs
increased cardiac workload respiratory depression (less common) nausea constipation
44
buprenorphine (Buprenex) contraindications and interactions
respiratory depression acute MI renal or hepatic disease
45
buprenorphine (Buprenex) interventions and education
antidote is narcan, may require repeated dose monitor respiratory status schedule IV take short term only when needed do not take before driving change positions gradually
46
naloxone (Narcan) class
opioid antagonist
47
naloxone (Narcan) therapeutic use
reverse opioid effects, overdose
48
naloxone (Narcan) EPA
block opioid receptors, reversing or antagonizing effects of opioids
49
naloxone (Narcan) ADRs
ventricular arrhythmias increase HR and RR withdrawal symptoms: HTN, vomiting, tremors
50
naloxone (Narcan) contraindications and interactions
opioid dependence cardiac irritability
51
naloxone (Narcan) interventions and education
monitor VS drug can increase pain because it reverses opioids administer every 2-3 minutes until opioid effects are reversed observe for nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, and sweating
52
allopurinol (Zyloprim) class
antigout/antihyperuricemic
53
allopurinol (Zyloprim) therapeutic use
manage signs and symptoms of gout and reduce uric acid concentrations
54
allopurinol (Zyloprim) EPA
inhibits the enzyme that converts purines to uric acid, reducing uric acid production
55
allopurinol (Zyloprim) ADRs
GI - N/V, diarrhea bone marrow depression agranulocytosis
56
allopurinol (Zyloprim) contraindications and interactions
interferes with warfarin bone marrow depression hepatic or renal dysfunction
57
allopurinol (Zyloprim) interventions and education
take after meals at least 3L fluid per day report decreased output or cloudy urine avoid alcohol, meat, fish, asparagus, spinach, peas

PRNU 228 (19 decks)

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