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PRNU 228 > GI meds > Flashcards

GI meds Flashcards

1
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) class

A

Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists

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2
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) EPA

A

decreases amount, acidity, and pepsin content of gastric juices by inhibiting histamine 2 receptors

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3
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcer disease
GERD
GI bleeding
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

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4
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) ADRs

A

impotence
gynecomastia
decreased libido
confusion
arrhythmias
agranulocytosis
aplastic anemia

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5
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) contraindications and interactions

A

increases levels of warfarin, phenytoin, lidocaine, ketoconazole, and theophylline

avoid NSAIDs, Aspirin, alcohol or any other GI irritants

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6
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) interventions and education

A

monitor for delirium
educate on what meds to avoid
slow IV administration to prevent bradycardia
avoid antacids within an hour of administration

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7
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) class

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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8
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) EPA

A

Inhibits hydrogen potassium ATPase in the stomach thereby inhibiting gastric acid production

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9
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcer disease
GERD
Zollinger- Ellison syndrome
prophylaxis for extubation

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10
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) ADRs

A

osteoporosis
abdominal pain
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
hypomagnesemia

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11
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) contraindications and interactions

A

pregnancy and lactation
ketoconazole
increase levels of warfarin, phenytoin, diazepam
st johns wort decreases effectiveness

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12
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) interventions and education

A

do not take longer than 8 weeks
osteoporosis due to decreases calcium absorption
supplement calcium, magnesium, vitamin D
monitor for rebound acid hypersecretion
lowest dose for shortest amount of time
report diarrhea due to cdiff risk

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13
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) class

A

mucosal protectant

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14
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) EPA

A

chemical reaction in the stomach creates gel that coats ulcers and creates barrier between stomach and gastric secretions

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15
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcers

4-8 week treatment course

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16
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) administration

A

must be given on empty stomach, can be given QID

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17
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) ADRS

A

constipation and dry mouth

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18
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) interactions

A

decreased absorption of antibiotics
decreased absorption of digoxin, phenytoin, diazepam, and warfarin

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19
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) interventions

A

administer 2 hours before or after interactive drugs
increase fluid and fiber itake
report severe constipation or diarrhea

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20
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) class

A

antacid

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21
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) EPA

A

alkaline compounds neutralize gastric acid

22
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcer disease
GERD

23
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) ADR

A

hypophosphaatemia

24
Q

magnesium antacid ADR

A

diarrhea

25
Q

calcium antacid ADR

A

constipation

26
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) interactions

A

decreases absorption of tetracyclines, digoxin, fluoroquinolones, aspirin

do not administer antacid within 2 hours of these meds

27
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) interventions and education

A

monitor bowel function
monitor phosphorus levels for aluminum based antacids

28
Q

ondansetron (Zofran) class

A

5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonist

29
Q

ondansetron (Zofran) EPA

A

Block 5-HT3 serotonin receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone of brain; minimizes nausea and vomiting

30
Q

ondansetron (Zofran) therapeutic use

A

treat nausea and vomiting secondary to chemo or radiation therapy and postop recovery

31
Q

ondansetron (Zofran) ADRs

A

torsades de point
SJS
headache
dizziness

32
Q

ondansetron (Zofran) contraindications and interactions

A

prolonged QT syndrome
caution with pregnancy and lactation
avoid SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs, lithium, buspirone, and triptans due to risk for serotonin syndrome

33
Q

ondansetron (Zofran) interventions and education

A

monitor QT on EKG
give IV push over 2 minutes
can be given Q8hrs PRN
report severe headaches
increased risk for falls

34
Q

dimenhydrinate class

A

Antihistamine/Anticholinergic

35
Q

dimenhydrinate EPA

A

prevents vertigo, nausea, vomiting by blocking release of histamine receptors in the inner ear

36
Q

dimenhydrinate therapeutic use

A

treat nausea and vomiting secondary to chemo, radiation, and post-op recovery

37
Q

dimenhydrinate ADRs

A

anticholinergic effects:
dry mouth
constipation
urinary retention
decreased bladder tone

sedation
drowsiness
dizziness

38
Q

dimenhydrinate contraindications and interactions

A

BPH or risk for urinary retention
closed angle glaucoma
hyperthyroidism
cardio disease
pregnancy and lactation
increased risk for sedating effects with other CNS depressants

39
Q

dimenhydrinate interventions and education

A

increased risk for falls
drink water frequently
high fiber foods
laxative support
monitor BP and pulse for hypotension and bradycardia when giving IV
monitor urinary output

40
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan) class

A

Dopamine Antagonist/Prokinetic

41
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan) EPA

A

dopamine receptor blocker
Increases threshold of chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brain

42
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan) therapeutic use

A

treat nausea and vomiting due to chemo, opioids, radiation
can increase GI motility in GERD

43
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan) ADRs

A

sedation
extrapyramidal - incontrollable repetitive movements
restlessness
neuroleptic malignant syndrome

44
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan) contraindications and interactions

A

GI obstruction
hemorrhage or perforation
parkinson’s disease

45
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan) interventions and education

A

increased risk for falls
monitor for EPS or tardive dyskinesia - lip smacking, writhing, spasms
monitor for neuroleptic malignant syndrome - rigid, hyperthermia, tachycardiaa, sweating

46
Q

psyllium (Metamucil) class

A

bulk-forming laxative

47
Q

psyllium (Metamucil) EPA

A

adds bulk and stimulates peristalsis

48
Q

psyllium (Metamucil) therapeutic effect

A

relief from constipation within 8-72 hours

49
Q

docusate sodium (Colace) class

A

stool softener

50
Q

docusate sodium (Colace) EPA

A

changes surface tension of stool, increases water absorption

51
Q

bisacodyl (Dulcolax) class

A

cathartics

52
Q

bisacodyl (Dulcolax) therapeutic use

A

treats constipation, neurogenic bowel, bowel prep

PO produces BM in 6-12 hours
Rectal produces BM in 15 mins - 1 hour

PRNU 228 (19 decks)

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