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PRNU 228 > GI meds > Flashcards

GI meds Flashcards

1
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) class

A

Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists

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2
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) EPA

A

decreases amount, acidity, and pepsin content of gastric juices by inhibiting histamine 2 receptors

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3
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcer disease
GERD
GI bleeding
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

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4
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) ADRs

A

impotence
gynecomastia
decreased libido
confusion
arrhythmias
agranulocytosis
aplastic anemia

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5
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) contraindications and interactions

A

increases levels of warfarin, phenytoin, lidocaine, ketoconazole, and theophylline

avoid NSAIDs, Aspirin, alcohol or any other GI irritants

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6
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet) interventions and education

A

monitor for delirium
educate on what meds to avoid
slow IV administration to prevent bradycardia
avoid antacids within an hour of administration

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7
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) class

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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8
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) EPA

A

Inhibits hydrogen potassium ATPase in the stomach thereby inhibiting gastric acid production

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9
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcer disease
GERD
Zollinger- Ellison syndrome
prophylaxis for extubation

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10
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) ADRs

A

osteoporosis
abdominal pain
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
hypomagnesemia

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11
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) contraindications and interactions

A

pregnancy and lactation
ketoconazole
increase levels of warfarin, phenytoin, diazepam
st johns wort decreases effectiveness

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12
Q

omeprazole (Prilosec) interventions and education

A

do not take longer than 8 weeks
osteoporosis due to decreases calcium absorption
supplement calcium, magnesium, vitamin D
monitor for rebound acid hypersecretion
lowest dose for shortest amount of time
report diarrhea due to cdiff risk

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13
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) class

A

mucosal protectant

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14
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) EPA

A

chemical reaction in the stomach creates gel that coats ulcers and creates barrier between stomach and gastric secretions

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15
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcers

4-8 week treatment course

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16
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) administration

A

must be given on empty stomach, can be given QID

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17
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) ADRS

A

constipation and dry mouth

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18
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) interactions

A

decreased absorption of antibiotics
decreased absorption of digoxin, phenytoin, diazepam, and warfarin

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19
Q

sucralfate (Carafate) interventions

A

administer 2 hours before or after interactive drugs
increase fluid and fiber itake
report severe constipation or diarrhea

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20
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) class

A

antacid

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21
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) EPA

A

alkaline compounds neutralize gastric acid

22
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) therapeutic use

A

peptic ulcer disease
GERD

23
Q

aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) ADR

A

hypophosphaatemia

24
Q

magnesium antacid ADR

25
calcium antacid ADR
constipation
26
aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) interactions
decreases absorption of tetracyclines, digoxin, fluoroquinolones, aspirin do not administer antacid within 2 hours of these meds
27
aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) interventions and education
monitor bowel function monitor phosphorus levels for aluminum based antacids
28
ondansetron (Zofran) class
5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonist
29
ondansetron (Zofran) EPA
Block 5-HT3 serotonin receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone of brain; minimizes nausea and vomiting
30
ondansetron (Zofran) therapeutic use
treat nausea and vomiting secondary to chemo or radiation therapy and postop recovery
31
ondansetron (Zofran) ADRs
torsades de point SJS headache dizziness
32
ondansetron (Zofran) contraindications and interactions
prolonged QT syndrome caution with pregnancy and lactation avoid SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs, lithium, buspirone, and triptans due to risk for serotonin syndrome
33
ondansetron (Zofran) interventions and education
monitor QT on EKG give IV push over 2 minutes can be given Q8hrs PRN report severe headaches increased risk for falls
34
dimenhydrinate class
Antihistamine/Anticholinergic
35
dimenhydrinate EPA
prevents vertigo, nausea, vomiting by blocking release of histamine receptors in the inner ear
36
dimenhydrinate therapeutic use
treat nausea and vomiting secondary to chemo, radiation, and post-op recovery
37
dimenhydrinate ADRs
anticholinergic effects: dry mouth constipation urinary retention decreased bladder tone sedation drowsiness dizziness
38
dimenhydrinate contraindications and interactions
BPH or risk for urinary retention closed angle glaucoma hyperthyroidism cardio disease pregnancy and lactation increased risk for sedating effects with other CNS depressants
39
dimenhydrinate interventions and education
increased risk for falls drink water frequently high fiber foods laxative support monitor BP and pulse for hypotension and bradycardia when giving IV monitor urinary output
40
metoclopramide (Reglan) class
Dopamine Antagonist/Prokinetic
41
metoclopramide (Reglan) EPA
dopamine receptor blocker Increases threshold of chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brain
42
metoclopramide (Reglan) therapeutic use
treat nausea and vomiting due to chemo, opioids, radiation can increase GI motility in GERD
43
metoclopramide (Reglan) ADRs
sedation extrapyramidal - incontrollable repetitive movements restlessness neuroleptic malignant syndrome
44
metoclopramide (Reglan) contraindications and interactions
GI obstruction hemorrhage or perforation parkinson's disease
45
metoclopramide (Reglan) interventions and education
increased risk for falls monitor for EPS or tardive dyskinesia - lip smacking, writhing, spasms monitor for neuroleptic malignant syndrome - rigid, hyperthermia, tachycardiaa, sweating
46
psyllium (Metamucil) class
bulk-forming laxative
47
psyllium (Metamucil) EPA
adds bulk and stimulates peristalsis
48
psyllium (Metamucil) therapeutic effect
relief from constipation within 8-72 hours
49
docusate sodium (Colace) class
stool softener
50
docusate sodium (Colace) EPA
changes surface tension of stool, increases water absorption
51
bisacodyl (Dulcolax) class
cathartics
52
bisacodyl (Dulcolax) therapeutic use
treats constipation, neurogenic bowel, bowel prep PO produces BM in 6-12 hours Rectal produces BM in 15 mins - 1 hour

PRNU 228 (19 decks)

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