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PRNU 228 > Week 9 Respiratory > Flashcards

Week 9 Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil) class

A

Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

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2
Q

albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil) EPA

A

Stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles, resulting in bronchodilation

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3
Q

albuterol therapeutic use

A

Rescue medication used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in people with asthma or other obstructive airways diseases

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4
Q

albuterol ADRs

A

chest pain, palpitations, nervousness, restlessness, tremors, agitation

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5
Q

albuterol contraindications and interactions

A

cardiac tachydysrhythmias
coronary artery disease
MAOIs and tricyclic antidepressants increase risk of ADRs

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6
Q

ipratropium (Atrovent) class

A

inhaled anticholinergic

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7
Q

ipratropium (Atrovent) EPA

A

Blocks the muscarinic Ach receptors in the smooth muscles of the bronchi in the lungs, inhibiting bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion (very similar to atropine)

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8
Q

ipratropium (Atrovent) therapeutic use

A

Long-term management of asthma or other conditions (COPD) that cause bronchoconstriction and increase in secretions.

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9
Q

ipratropium (Atrovent) ADRs

A

dry mouth, increased intraocular pressure, urinary retention

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10
Q

ipratropium (Atrovent) contraindications and interactions

A

glaucoma
prostatic hyperplasia or bladder neck obstruction

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11
Q

theophylline (Theolair) class

A

Methylxanthines

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12
Q

theophylline (Theolair) EPA

A

Relaxes the bronchial smooth muscle, promoting bronchodilation

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13
Q

theophylline (Theolair) therapeutic use

A

Second line treatment for chronic lung disorders that cause bronchoconstriction (COPD)

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14
Q

theophylline (Theolair) ADRs

A

Tachycardia, agitation and seizures. Toxicity-Ventricular dysrhythmias or convulsions

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15
Q

theophylline (Theolair) contraindications and interactions

A

heart disease
liver dysfunction
use caution with seizure disorders

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16
Q

theophylline (Theolair) interventions

A

monitor serum levels - narrow therapeutic range

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17
Q

beclomethasone (QVAR) class

A

inhaled glucocorticoid

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18
Q

beclomethasone (QVAR) EPA

A

Suppress the release of inflammatory mediators and decrease the recruitment of airway eosinophils. Increases the number and sensitivity of beta2-adrenergic bronchodilators

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19
Q

beclomethasone (QVAR) therapeutic use

A

Prophylactic management of asthma with inhaled steroids. Acute asthma flare-ups, systemic corticosteroids used.

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20
Q

beclomethasone (QVAR) ADRs

A

Pharyngitis, cough, dry mouth, and candidiasis (thrush)

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21
Q

beclomethasone (QVAR) contraindications and interactions

A

recent live virus immunization
oral candidiasis

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22
Q

beclomethasone (QVAR) interventions

A

rinse mouth and throat with water after use to avoid thrush
use a spacer
inhaler administration education

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23
Q

prednisone class

A

glucocorticoid

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24
Q

prednisone EPA

A

affect the inflammatory process to reduce inflammation

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25
prednisone therapeutic use
decreases inflammatory symptoms and alters immune response asthma, COPD, arthritis, rhinitis, cancer, IBD, spinal cord injury
26
prednisone ADRs
CNS stimulation adrenocortical insufficiency: fainting, weakness, hypotension adrenocortical excess cardio symptoms: heart failure, shock, dysrhythmias increased appetite, hyperglycemia delayed wound healing, fragile skin
27
prednisone contraindications and interactions
live vaccines, fungal infections, antibiotic-resistant infections
28
prednisone interactions and education
treats symptoms, not underlying disease take as directed, do not stop abruptly take with food
29
montelukast (Singulair) class
Anti-Inflammatory/Leukotriene Modifiers
30
montelukast (Singulair) EPA
Prevents leukotrienes from binding to its receptors therefore reducing bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and mucus production
31
montelukast (Singulair) therapeutic use
Used in patients with asthma that do not respond to other treatments. Used as a long acting antiasthmatic med. Only tablet approved for exercise-induced asthma. Can also treat allergies
32
montelukast (Singulair) ADRs
neuropsychiatric behavioral changes: aggressive behavior, hallucinations, insomnia and suicidal ideation
33
montelukast (Singulair) contraindications
liver disease
34
montelukast (Singulair) interventions
does not manage acute asthma attacks take 2 hours prior to exercise to prevent bronchoconstriction take in evenings daily to prevent allergies
35
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) class
First Generation/Sedating Antihistamines
36
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) therapeutic use
Treat allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, motion sickness, and insomnia
37
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) EPA
Structurally like histamine and occupy the same receptor sites preventing histamine acting on target tissues and thus preventing histamine response. Binds to central H1 receptors
38
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) ADRs
CNS depression=drowsiness & sedation paradoxical effect causing CNS stimulation and anticholinergic effects
39
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) contraindications and interactions
children <2 breastfeedig women do not take with alcohol or CNS depressants
40
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) interventions
do not take with alcohol or CNS depressants assess LOC advise against driving or operating machinery can cause dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision
41
cetirizine (Zyrtec) class
Second Generation/nonsedating Antihistamines
42
cetirizine (Zyrtec) therapeutic use
Treats seasonal allergies, minor allergies and urticaria
43
cetirizine (Zyrtec) EPA
Binds to histamine receptors to prevent histamine response, but binds to peripheral, not central H1 receptors. Therefore, does not cause drowsiness like the first-generation agents.
44
cetirizine (Zyrtec) ADRs
Drowsiness & fatigue (higher doses), and anticholinergic effects
45
cetirizine (Zyrtec) interventions and client education
take once a day with water
46
cetirizine (Zyrtec) contraindications and interactions
breastfeeding women impaired kidney or liver function
47
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) class
Sympathomimetics: Nasal Decongestants
48
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) therapeutic use
Relieves pressure, swelling and congestion of the nasal mucosa
49
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) EPA
Alpha1-adrenergic agonist, causes vasoconstriction of the blood vessels… causing the nasal turbinates in the nares to shrink, in turn opening nasal passages and relieving nasal congestion.
50
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) ADRs
CNS excitation - tachycardia, insomnia, dizziness, palpitations, urinary retention
51
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) contraindications and interactions
heart disease dysrhythmias HTN narrow angle glaucoma older adults caffeine
52
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) interventions and education
do not use more than 5 days assess for cardiac symptoms rebound effec
53
dextromethorphan (Delsym) class
Antitussives-nonnarcotic
54
dextromethorphan (Delsym) therapeutic use
suppress nonproductive cough
55
dextromethorphan (Delsym) EPA
depress the cough reflex in the brain
56
dextromethorphan (Delsym) ADRs
CNS depression - drowsiness and sedation
57
dextromethorphan (Delsym) contraindications and interactions
MAOIs SSRIs alcohol
58
dextromethorphan (Delsym) interventions and education
avoid alcohol be aware of med interactions
59
codeine class
Antitussives-Narcotic
60
codeine therapeutic use
relief of cough
61
codeine EPA
Depresses the cough reflex in the brain
62
codeine ADRs
nausea, vomiting, respiratory sedation, constipation, dizziness
63
codeine contraindications and interactions
respiratory impairment head injury seizure disorder alcohol
64
codeine interventions and education
assess GI and respiratory status avoid in patients with asthma or head injuries
65
guaifenesin (Mucinex) class
expectorant
66
guaifenesin (Mucinex) therapeutic use
loosens mucus from respiratory tract in a productive cough
67
guaifenesin (Mucinex) EPA
reduces viscosity of secretions
68
guaifenesin (Mucinex) contraindications
inability to expectorate
69
guaifenesin (Mucinex) interventions and education
give with food and water stay hydrated swallow whole change position carefully
70
guaifenesin (Mucinex) ADRs
Dizziness, drowsiness, headache, skin rash
71
acetylcysteine (Acetadote) class
Mucolytics
72
acetylcysteine (Acetadote) therapeutic use
liquefy mucus in the respiratory tract
73
acetylcysteine (Acetadote) EPA
Attacks protein bonds in the mucus, reducing viscosity
74
acetylcysteine (Acetadote) ADRs
Bronchospasm, GI distress (due to rotten egg smell and ingestion of secretions)
75
acetylcysteine (Acetadote) contraindications and interactions
inability to expel secretions asthma antidote to acetaminnophen
76
acetylcysteine (Acetadote) interventions and education
assess respiratory status difficulty breathing could be due to bronchospasm or inability to expel secretions hydration

PRNU 228 (19 decks)

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