Week 6 - Special Senses

Question 1

Which structures lubricate the eyeball?

Answer 1

conjunctiva
Lacrimal apparatus

Question 2

What are the photoreceptors of the eye called?

Answer 2

rods and cones

Question 3

If at midnight, you are driving to an unfamiliar street that has no street lights, could you distinguish the color of the individual house?

Answer 3

no

Question 4

Would you rest tired eyes by looking at objects far away or by looking at near objects?

Answer 4

faraway

Question 5

Why is vision not possible when light strikes the blind spot?

Answer 5

there are no photoreceptors there

Question 6

What changes occur when you move from a dark room to a brightly lit room?

Answer 6

pupil constricts

Question 7

The name of the “white of the eye” is called the

Answer 7

sclera

Question 8

An abnormal elevation in intraocular pressure may lead to a condition called

Answer 8

glaucoma

Question 9

Why is the glaucoma serious?
And how is it treated?

Answer 9

1. retinal damage may result
2. treated by diuretics

Question 10

List the structures through which light passes in the eye:

Answer 10

1. cornea
2. aqueous humor
3. lens
4. vitreous humor

Question 11

The portion of the eye that is involved in image formation is the

Answer 11

retina

Question 12

An occlusion in the venous sinus might result in:

Answer 12

glaucoma

Question 13

The portion of the eyeball that contains aqueous humor is the

Answer 13

anterior cavity

Question 14

The densest concentration of cones is found in the

Answer 14

fovea centralis

Question 15

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

a. the vascular tunic is composed of the choroid, ciliary body, and cornea
b. the sclero-corneal junction is the location of the venous sinus
c. the aqueous humor is secreted by the ciliary body
d. the retina includes the optic disc, entry and exit of nerves and blood vessels on the nasal (medial) side of the macula lutea

Answer 15

a. the vascular tunic is composed of the choroid, ciliary body, and cornea

Question 16

A person who experienced severe brain damage to the left half of the brain would be expected to lose vision in

Answer 16

the lateral portion of the left eye and the medial portion of the right

Question 17

Via the process known as accomodation, when one views a distant object, the eye:

Answer 17

1. relaxes the ciliary muscles
2. Allows the lens to flatten

Question 18

Aqueous humor is

Answer 18

1. important in light refraction within the eye, 2. often found in excess in patients with glaucoma

Question 19

Without his glasses, Bill’s visual acuity is 20/100. This means that:

Answer 19

at 20 feet, he sees what most people see at 100 feet.

Question 20

When a person is nearsighted, what kind of lens can correct their vision?

Answer 20

Concave lens

(curving inward)

Question 21

Which statement is true about the choroid?

a. it is the vascular layer of the eye
b. in its absence, visual acuity is appreciably reduced
c. it contains a dark pigment which absorbs stray light
d. a portion of it is modified to assist lens accomodation
e. all of the above are correct

Answer 21

e. all of the above are correct

Question 22

When you look at nearby object, your pupils constrict.
What is the reason for this?

Answer 22

It sharpens the image by using the most curved portion of the lens

Question 23

The fovea is

Answer 23

the center of sharpest vision

Question 24

When the eyes accommodate to focus on a nearby object,
the ciliary muscles _____
and the ligaments around the lens ______

Answer 24

ciliary muscles contract

ligaments around the lens relax

Question 25

Which of the following correctly compares rods and cones?

a. rods are more numerous
b. cones detect movement better
c. cones work best in dim light
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Answer 25

a. rods are more numerous

Question 26

Hair cells, endolymph, and the tectorial are all parts of the —

Answer 26

cochlea

Question 27

The fluid-filled portions of the auditory apparatus include

Answer 27

the inner ear

Question 28

Destruction of the auditory portion of the left temporal lobe would

Answer 28

reduce most left side hearing and cause a slight right side reduction

Question 29

Ear infections are most likely to be located in the

Answer 29

middle ear

Question 30

The stationary membrane in the inner ear is called the

Answer 30

tectorial membrane

Question 31

Pitch discrimination is possible because different sounds stimulate —

Answer 31

stimulate different regions of the organ of Corti

Question 32

Which of the following is involved in detecting the changes in movement that occur when you are riding on a rollercoaster?

a. utricle
b. ampulla
c. otoliths
d. saccule
e. all of the above

Answer 32

e. all of the above

Question 33

Which middle ear bone connects to the oval window?

Answer 33

the stapes

Question 34

What physiological function does the pinna play?

Answer 34

It focuses and directs sounds into the auditory canal

Question 35

During a Rinne’s test, the patient was discovered to be unable to hear the tuning fork when held agains the skull. Why?

Answer 35

The patient has sensory deafness

Question 36

A patient with an ear full of impacted earwax could possibly be suffering from

Answer 36

a form of conductive deafness