Week 6 - Quiz

Question 1

Which form of hormone requires an intracellular receptor?

a. Protein based hormones.
b. Lipid based hormones.

Answer 1

b. Lipid based hormones.

Question 2

Identify the hormone(s) that do NOT originate from the pro-hormone pro-opiomelanocortin.

a. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH).
b. Beta endorphins (natural opiate).
c. Prolactin.
d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
e. Enkephalins (natural opiate).

Answer 2

c. Prolactin.

Question 3

What hormone stimulates ovulation in females?

a. Gonadotropin releasing hormone.
b. Follicle stimulating hormone.
c. Luteinizing hormone.
d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
e. Prolactin.

Answer 3

c. Luteinizing hormone.

Question 4

Why does enlargement of the pituitary gland causing gigantism through hypersecretion of growth hormone also often become associated
with loss of peripheral vision in the patient?

a. The disease state compresses to the optic nerve.
b. The disease state compresses the optic tract.
c. The disease state damages the occipital lobe.
d. The disease state damages the retina of the eyes.
e. The disease state compresses to the optic chiasm.

Answer 4

e. The disease state compresses to the optic chiasm.

Question 5

Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) facilitates deposition of melanin pigment in the skin, but what other action does it perform to
assist in human health?

a. MSH stimulates the kidneys and liver to process excess hormones, regulating hormonal concentrations in the body.
b. MSH stimulates the brain to be more sensitive to neuronal signaling, increasing efficiency of neural processing.
c. MSH acts as a CNS neurotransmitter involved in regulating appetite or controlling energy use in the body.
d. MSH stimulates white blood cells to kill sun damaged skin cells.

Answer 5

c. MSH acts as a CNS neurotransmitter involved in regulating appetite or controlling energy use in the body.

Question 6

What structure of the endocrine system is the true master gland because it releases many ‘releasing hormones’ that coordinate the
responses of various other endocrine glands?

a. Anterior pituitary gland.
b. Thyroid gland.
c. Thymus.
d. Posterior pituitary gland.
e. Hypothalamus.

Answer 6

e. Hypothalamus

Question 7

What is the target gland of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

a. Thyroid gland.
b. Adrenal gland.
c. Posterior pituitary.
d. Hypothalamus.
e. Anterior pituitary.

Answer 7

b. Adrenal gland.

Question 8

Identify the ACCURATE behavioral characteristic of lipid based (steroid) hormones action at target cells.

a. Lipid based hormones initiate second messenger systems in the target cell.
b. Lipid based hormones must bind to receptors on the membrane surface.
c. Lipid based hormones activate genes within target cells directly.
d. Lipid based hormones do not enter cells because they cannot cross the cell membrane.
e. Lipid based hormones are faster acting than protein-based hormones.

Answer 8

c. Lipid based hormones activate genes within target cells directly.

Question 9

Beyond regulating body metabolism, the thyroid gland also assists what other homeostatic balance in the body?

a. Calcium levels.
b. Red blood cell production.
c. Absorption of sodium from the digestive system.
d. Kidney filtration rate.
e. Blood glucose levels.

Answer 9

a. Calcium levels.

Question 10

What hormonal imbalance can lead to diabetes insipidus?

a. Growth hormone.
b. Prolactin.
c. Antidiuretic hormone.
d. Insulin.
e. Thyroid hormone.

Answer 10

c. Antidiuretic hormone.

Question 11

Regulation of blood concentration for thyroid hormone, FSH, and LH are achieved by what homeostatic process?

a. Negative feedback to the cortex.
b. Negative feedback to the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus.
c. Positive feedback to the cortex.
d. Positive feedback to the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus.

Answer 11

b. Negative feedback to the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus.

Question 12

Identify mechanism(s) that help to regulate concentrations of hormones in the body.

a. All listed mechanisms aid the regulation of hormone concentration in the body.
b. Rate of filtering of hormones from the bloodstream.
c. Rate of deactivation of hormones by the liver.
d. Rate of release of hormones.

Answer 12

a. All listed mechanisms aid the regulation of hormone concentration in the body.

Question 13

Which growth hormone irregularity leads to Simmonds disease?

a. Hyposecretion in children.
b. Hypersecretion in children.
c. Hyposecretion in adulthood.
d. Hypersecretion in adults.

Answer 13

c. Hyposecretion in adulthood.

Question 14

Which hormone class must be bound to plasma proteins to travel through the bloodstream?

a. Protein hormones.
b. Steroid hormones (and thyroid hormone).
c. Both forms of hormone must bind to plasma proteins.

Answer 14

b. Steroid hormones (and thyroid hormone).

Question 15

What hormone facilitates the positive feedback required for childbirth?

a. Follicle stimulating hormone.
b. Gonadotropin releasing hormone.
c. Oxytocin.
d. Prolactin.
e. Luteinizing hormone.

Answer 15

c. Oxytocin.

Question 16

Identify the one hormone that is not amino acid or peptide based.

a. Testosterone.
b. Prolactin.
c. Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
d. Growth hormone.
e. Thyroid stimulating hormone.

Answer 16

a. Testosterone.

Question 17

What hormone is released from the hypothalamus and eventually leads to regulation of metabolic activity in the body by allowing other
gland to release specific hormones?

a. Thyroid releasing hormone.
b. Thyroid hormone.
c. Thyroid stimulating hormone.

Answer 17

a. Thyroid releasing hormone.

Question 18

How can a hormone impact some cells, but not others in the human body?

a. Target cell membranes are permeable to hormones, non-target cells are not.
b. Target cells have receptors specific to the hormone, non-target cells do not.
c. Target cells perform endocytosis to bring hormones into the cell, non-target cells do not.
d. Non-target cells have enzymes that destroy hormones before they can impact cell functions.

Answer 18

b. Target cells have receptors specific to the hormone, non-target cells do not.

Question 19

What form(s) of biomolecules include the main class(es) of hormones in our body?

a. Carbohydrates (glycogen).
b. Nucleic acids.
c. Steroids, peptides, and proteins.
d. Lipids (steroids).
e. Proteins (peptides and proteins).

Answer 19

c. Steroids, peptides, and proteins.

Question 20

What two hormones are synthesized by neurons in the hypothalamus and released by neuronal activation from the posterior pituitary?

a. Oxytocin and thyroid hormone.
b. Oxytocin and growth hormone.
c. Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.
d. Prolactin and antidiuretic hormone.

Answer 20

c. Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.

Question 21

What term describes the process of a target cell increasing the number of receptors in the membrane in response to the hormone?

a. Up regulation.
b. Down regulation.

Answer 21

a. Up regulation.

Question 22

What characteristic is required to call a hormone ‘tropic’?

a. They cause protein synthesis in a target cell.
b. They cause the target cells of other glands to release more hormones.
c. They enter the target cell to bind with an intracellular receptor.
d. They help regulate a response in a target cell.
e. They bind to a cell membrane receptor on the target cell.

Answer 22

b. They cause the target cells of other glands to release more hormones.

Question 23

Identify the tropic hormone(s) that originate in the anterior pituitary.

a. All listed options are tropic hormones from the anterior pituitary.
b. Prolactin.
c. Melanocyte stimulating hormone.
d. Luteinizing hormone.
e. Growth hormone.

Answer 23

d. Luteinizing hormone.

Question 24

What hormone aids milk production?

a. Follicle stimulating hormone.
b. Progesterone.
c. Luteinizing hormone.
d. Estrogen.
e. Prolactin.

Answer 24

e. Prolactin.

Question 25

What is another more technical name for adrenaline?

a. Norepinephrine.
b. Cortisol.
c. Epinephrine.
d. Thymosin.
e. Noradrenaline.

Answer 25

c. Epinephrine.

Question 26

Where are the hormones of the neurohypophysis synthesized?

a. In the pineal gland.
b. In the pituitary gland.
c. In the cortex of the brain.
d. In the thalamus.
e. In the hypothalamus.

Answer 26

e. In the hypothalamus.

Question 27

A specialized blood vessel organization known as a ‘portal system’ allows hormones to travel between which two hormonal regions?

a. Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.
b. Hypothalamus and posterior pituitary.
c. Anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary.
d. Anterior pituitary and adrenal gland.
e. Anterior pituitary and thyroid gland.

Answer 27

a. Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.

Question 28

Which form of hormone is associated with the phenomenon known as signal amplification through second messenger system?

a. Protein based hormones.
b. Lipid based hormones.

Answer 28

a. Protein based hormones.

Question 29

Identify the one substance NOT produced by the hypothalamus to regulate other hormonal secretions from the anterior pituitary.

a. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
b. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).
c. Thyroid releasing hormone (TRH).
d. Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH).

Answer 29

a. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Question 30

Which lobe of the pituitary gland has cells to produce its own hormones, making it a true gland?

a. The posterior pituitary.
b. The neurohypophysis.
c. The anterior pituitary.

Answer 30

c. The anterior pituitary.

Question 31

What two conditions are associated with hypersecretion of growth hormone?

a. Acromegaly and Simmonds disease.
b. Gigantism and Simmonds disease.
c. Gigantism and acromegaly.
d. Pituitary dwarfism and Simmonds disease.
e. Acromegaly and pituitary dwarfism.

Answer 31

c. Gigantism and acromegaly.