vitamins Flashcards
vitamin c - biological functions - 1
forms healthy gums and prevents inflammation i.e. swelling
vitamin c - biological functions - 2
promotes quick wound healing
vitamin c - biological functions - 3
assits Wirth the absorption of iron ad it chemically changes none haem iron to haem iron
vitamin c - biological functions - 4
maintains the immune system by helping white blood cells to fight illness and infection
vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 1
scurvy, a severe gum disease, symptoms include inflamed or receding gums that cause teeth to become loose and fall out
vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 2
wounds can take longer to heal, increasing risk of infection
vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 3
anaemia may occur sue to the reduced absorption of iron needed to make haemoglobin
vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 4
increased susceptibility to illness and infection such as colds and flu
vitamin c - properties
-most unstable of all the vitamins
-water soluble
the conditions listed are caused by a deficiency in the diet of specific vitamins. identify the vitamin in each case
anaemia
rickets
beriberi
anaemia - vitamin c
rickets - vitamin d
beriberi - vitamin b1
vitamin d - biological functions - 1
controls the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the blood
vitamin d - biological functions - 2
regulates the amount of calcium and phosphorus in the bones and teeth, helping to maintain density and strength
vitamin d - biological functions - 3
regulates calcium levels in the blood, it stimulates the production ion of calcium - binding protein needed to absorb more calcium
vitamin d - effects of deficiency
increased risk of bone diseases such as rickets, osteoporosis, osteomalacia and tooth decay, these bone disease cause their bones to become soft and weak due to low bone mass
vitamin d - properties
-most stable of all the vitamins
-fat soluble/insoluble in water
-heat stable: unaffected by cooking or preservation methods
name one condition associated with a deficency of the following
vitamin d
vitamin b3
iodine
vitamin d - rickets
vitamins b3 - pellagra
iodine - goitre
the following health conditions may result from a vitamin defence in the diet. identify one vitamin in each case
poor blood clotting
neural tube defects
night blindness
poor blood clotting - vitamin k
neural tube defects - vitamin b9
night blindness - vitamin a
give three functions of folic acid (1)
works with vitamin b12 to form red blood cells
give three functions of folic acid (2)
spinal cord and Skelton in foetus
give three functions of folic acid (3)
maintains the immune system by helping the white blood cells fight illness and infections
defiencincy of vitamin B9(folic acid) - 1
tiredness and fatigue
defiencincy of vitamin B9(folic acid) - 2
in pregnant women the foetus is at risk of neural tube defects
defiencincy of vitamin B9(folic acid) - 3
megaloblastic anaemia, which pregnant women are susceptible to
sources of folic acid
liver
kidney
cabbage
spinach
functions of vitamin B12 - 1
manufacture of red blood cells, aided by folic acid and iron
functions of vitamin B12 - 2
metabolism of fatty acids and folic acid
functions of vitamin B12 - 3
formation of myelin sheaths, which insulate nerve fibres in the nervous system
functions of vitamin A - 1
general growth and repair of all body cells
functions of vitamin A - 2
boosts immune system therefore protecting the body from infections
functions of vitamin A - 3
produces rhodopsin which helps eyes adapt to dim light
deficiency of vitamin A - 1
night blindness due to lack of rhodopsin
deficiency of vitamin A - 2
rough dry skin
deficiency of vitamin A - 3
lack of mucus in the eyes can sue infection as the eye dries which can eventually lead to blindness
properties of vitamin A
-fat soluble alcohol
-insoluble in water
-heat stable: unaffected by cooking
