vitamins

Question 1

vitamin c - biological functions - 1

Answer 1

forms healthy gums and prevents inflammation i.e. swelling

Question 2

vitamin c - biological functions - 2

Answer 2

promotes quick wound healing

Question 3

vitamin c - biological functions - 3

Answer 3

assits Wirth the absorption of iron ad it chemically changes none haem iron to haem iron

Question 4

vitamin c - biological functions - 4

Answer 4

maintains the immune system by helping white blood cells to fight illness and infection

Question 5

vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 1

Answer 5

scurvy, a severe gum disease, symptoms include inflamed or receding gums that cause teeth to become loose and fall out

Question 6

vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 2

Answer 6

wounds can take longer to heal, increasing risk of infection

Question 7

vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 3

Answer 7

anaemia may occur sue to the reduced absorption of iron needed to make haemoglobin

Question 8

vitamin c - effects of deficiency - 4

Answer 8

increased susceptibility to illness and infection such as colds and flu

Question 9

vitamin c - properties

Answer 9

-most unstable of all the vitamins
-water soluble

Question 10

the conditions listed are caused by a deficiency in the diet of specific vitamins. identify the vitamin in each case
anaemia
rickets
beriberi

Answer 10

anaemia - vitamin c
rickets - vitamin d
beriberi - vitamin b1

Question 11

vitamin d - biological functions - 1

Answer 11

controls the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the blood

Question 12

vitamin d - biological functions - 2

Answer 12

regulates the amount of calcium and phosphorus in the bones and teeth, helping to maintain density and strength

Question 13

vitamin d - biological functions - 3

Answer 13

regulates calcium levels in the blood, it stimulates the production ion of calcium - binding protein needed to absorb more calcium

Question 14

vitamin d - effects of deficiency

Answer 14

increased risk of bone diseases such as rickets, osteoporosis, osteomalacia and tooth decay, these bone disease cause their bones to become soft and weak due to low bone mass

Question 15

vitamin d - properties

Answer 15

-most stable of all the vitamins
-fat soluble/insoluble in water
-heat stable: unaffected by cooking or preservation methods

Question 16

name one condition associated with a deficency of the following
vitamin d
vitamin b3
iodine

Answer 16

vitamin d - rickets
vitamins b3 - pellagra
iodine - goitre

Question 17

the following health conditions may result from a vitamin defence in the diet. identify one vitamin in each case
poor blood clotting
neural tube defects
night blindness

Answer 17

poor blood clotting - vitamin k
neural tube defects - vitamin b9
night blindness - vitamin a

Question 18

give three functions of folic acid (1)

Answer 18

works with vitamin b12 to form red blood cells

Question 19

give three functions of folic acid (2)

Answer 19

spinal cord and Skelton in foetus

Question 20

give three functions of folic acid (3)

Answer 20

maintains the immune system by helping the white blood cells fight illness and infections

Question 21

defiencincy of vitamin B9(folic acid) - 1

Answer 21

tiredness and fatigue

Question 22

defiencincy of vitamin B9(folic acid) - 2

Answer 22

in pregnant women the foetus is at risk of neural tube defects

Question 23

defiencincy of vitamin B9(folic acid) - 3

Answer 23

megaloblastic anaemia, which pregnant women are susceptible to

Question 24

sources of folic acid

Answer 24

liver
kidney
cabbage
spinach

Question 25

functions of vitamin B12 - 1

Answer 25

manufacture of red blood cells, aided by folic acid and iron

Question 26

functions of vitamin B12 - 2

Answer 26

metabolism of fatty acids and folic acid

Question 27

functions of vitamin B12 - 3

Answer 27

formation of myelin sheaths, which insulate nerve fibres in the nervous system

Question 28

functions of vitamin A - 1

Answer 28

general growth and repair of all body cells

Question 29

functions of vitamin A - 2

Answer 29

boosts immune system therefore protecting the body from infections

Question 30

functions of vitamin A - 3

Answer 30

produces rhodopsin which helps eyes adapt to dim light

Question 31

deficiency of vitamin A - 1

Answer 31

night blindness due to lack of rhodopsin

Question 32

deficiency of vitamin A - 2

Answer 32

rough dry skin

Question 33

deficiency of vitamin A - 3

Answer 33

lack of mucus in the eyes can sue infection as the eye dries which can eventually lead to blindness

Question 34

properties of vitamin A

Answer 34

-fat soluble alcohol
-insoluble in water
-heat stable: unaffected by cooking