milk

Question 1

discuss the nutritional significance of milk in the diet - protein

Answer 1

-an excellent source of easily digestible HBV protein
-the main proteins present are caseinogen and lactalbumin
-3.4%

Question 2

discuss the nutritional significance of milk in the diet - fat

Answer 2

-saturated fat is present in small droplets dispersed throughout milk, making it easy to digest
-amount of fat present depends on the type of milk
-whole(4%), low fat(1%)

Question 3

discuss the nutritional significance of milk in the diet - carbohydrates

Answer 3

-contains carbohydrates in the form of disaccharide lactose(sugar)
-lacks dietary fibre and starch
-4.8%

Question 4

discuss the nutritional significance of milk in the diet - vitamins

Answer 4

-a good source of vitamin A,contains a small amount of vitamin D
a valuable source if B group vitamins particularly B1(thiamine), B2(riboflavin) and B3(niacin)

Question 5

discuss the nutritional significance of milk in the diet - minerals

Answer 5

-an excellent source of calcium
-contains trace amounts of magnesium and potassium
-lacks iron

Question 6

describe one process used by manufacturers to extend the shelf life of milk - name

Answer 6

pasteurisation

Question 7

describe one process used by manufacturers to extend the shelf life of milk - how the process is carried out

Answer 7

milk is homogenised and then milk is heated to 72C for 25 seconds, and then cooled quickly at 10C

Question 8

describe one process used by manufacturers to extend the shelf life of milk - packaging and labelling

Answer 8

packaging - type of milk, glass bottles, cartons, metal cans,
labelling - include labels such as type of milk, brand quality of milk, date stamp, nutritional information, storage instructions

Question 9

outline the process involved in the homogenisation of milk

Answer 9

milk is heated to 60*C to break up the large fat globules and disperse them evenly throughout the milk

Question 10

complete the table in relation to the processing of milk - ultra heat treatment - temperature, time, effect

Answer 10

temperature - 132*C
time - 1 to 2 seconds
effect - shelf life is extended and it does not require refrigeration