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NURS 300 > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Vit A function

A

vision (maintenance of cornea)
gene expression
protein synthesis and cell differentiation
immunity
reproduction, growth and development

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2
Q

Beta-carotene’s role

A

Antioxidant

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3
Q

Vit A Def

A

infections diseases, night blindness, blindness
All epithelial surfaces harden and flatten

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4
Q

Vit A tox

A

reduced bone mineral density, liver abnormalities
blurred vision, N&V, pressure inside skull, headache

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5
Q

Vit A sources

A

Retinol, beta-carotene

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6
Q

Retinol sources

A

milt, eggs, liver

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7
Q

Beta-carotene sources

A

spinach, leafy greens, broccoli, deep orange fruits

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8
Q

Vit D function

A

Mineralization of bones
Brain and nerve cells? Muscle cells?

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9
Q

Two forms of vit D

A

D2 (plant foods form)
D3 (animal foods, synthesized in body)

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10
Q

How does Vit D metabolized?

A

requires conversions by the liver and kidneys

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11
Q

What is Vit D?

A

Hormone

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12
Q

Vit D def

A

rickets (weakening of bones)
osteomalacia (bone softening)
osteoporosis (reduced bone density)

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13
Q

Vit D tox

A

calcium imbalance (formation of stones and calcification of soft tissues)

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14
Q

Vit D sources

A

synthesized in body from sunshine
fortified foods, eggs, liver, fatty fish

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15
Q

Vit E function

A

antioxidant (stabilization of cell membranes)
protects lungs
reduce LDL

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16
Q

Vit E def

A

erythrocyte hemolysis
nerve damage
loss of muscle coordination
impaired movement, vision and speech

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17
Q

Vit E tox

A

hemorrhagic effect (blood clotting)

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18
Q

Vit E sources

A

plant oils, green leafy veg, wheat germ, whole grain, nuts, seeds

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19
Q

Vit K function

A

synthesis of blood clotting proteins and bone proteins

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20
Q

What vitamin injection do infants get at birth?

A

vit K

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21
Q

Vit K def

A

hemorrhage
fat malabsorption

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22
Q

Vit K sources

A

synthesized in body by GI bacteria
green leafy veg
cabbage
veg oils

23
Q

What vit can be synthesized in the body?

A

D and K

24
Q

Thiamin function

A

part of coenzyme used in energy metabolism

25
Q

Thiamin (b1) def

A

Beriberi (edema or muscle wasting)
Anorexia and weight loss
neurological disturbances
muscular weakness
heart enlargement and failure

26
Q

Thiamin (b1) sources

A

enriched, fortified or whole grain products
pork

27
Q

Riboflavin function

A

part of coenzymes used in energy metabolism

28
Q

Riboflavin (b2) def

A

inflammation of the mouth, skin, and eyelids
sensitivity to light
sore throat

29
Q

Riboflavin (b2) sources

A

milk products, enriched fortified whole grain products
liver

30
Q

Niacin function

A

part of coenzymes used in energy metabolism

31
Q

Niacin (b3) def

A

pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia)

32
Q

Niacin (b3) tox

A

niacin flush, liver damage, impaired glucose tolerance

33
Q

Niacin sources

A

milk, eggs, meat, poultry, fish, nuts

34
Q

Biotin function

A

part of a coenzyme used in energy metabolism

35
Q

Biotin def

A

skin rash, hair loss, neurological disturbances

36
Q

Biotin sources

A

GI bacteria synthesis
Found in most foods

37
Q

Panthothermic acid function

A

part of coenzyme used in energy metabolism

38
Q

Panthothermic acid def

A

digestive and neurological disturbances

39
Q

Vit B6

A

Part of coenzymes used in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism

40
Q

Vit B6 def

A

scaly dermatitis, depression, confusion, convulsions, anemia

41
Q

Vit B6 tox

A

nerve degeneration, skin lesions

42
Q

Vit B6 sources

A

meats, fish, poultry, potatoes, legumes, liver, soy

43
Q

Folate function

A

activates B12, helps synthesize DNA for new cell growth, protects nerve cells

44
Q

Folate def

A

anemia
smooth red tongue, mental confusion

45
Q

Folate tox

A

masks vit B12 deficiency

46
Q

Folate sources

A

fortified grains, leafy green veg, seeds, liver

47
Q

Vit B12 function

A

activates folate
helps synthesize DNA for new cell growth, protects nerve cells

48
Q

Vit B12 def

A

anemia, nerve damage, paralysis

49
Q

Vit B12 sources

A

Animals

50
Q

Vit C function

A

synthesis of collagen, carnitine, hormones, neurotransmitters, antioxidant

51
Q

Vit C def

A

survy (bleeding gums, pinpoint hemorrhages, joint pain)

52
Q

Vit C tox

A

diarrhea, GI distress

53
Q

Vit C sources

A

citrus fruits
cabbage veg
dark green veg
lettuce
tomatoes
mangoes

NURS 300 (19 decks)

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