Trace Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

Iron

A

part of hemoglobin (carries oxygen in the blood)
part of myoglobin in muscles (makes oxygen available for muscle contraction)

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2
Q

Iron deficiency symptoms

A

Anemia = weakness, pallor, headaches, reduced work productivity, impaired cognitive function, lowered cold tolerance

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3
Q

Iron toxicity symptoms

A

iron overload = infections, liver injury, increased risk of heart attack, acidosis, bloody stools, shock

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4
Q

Sources of iron

A

red meats, fish, poultry, shellfish, eggs, legumes, dried fruit

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5
Q

Zinc

A

Part of insulin and many enzymes
involved in making genetic material and proteins
immune reactions
transport of vit A
taste perception
wound healing
making sperm
normal fetal dev

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6
Q

Zinc deficiency symptoms

A

decreased growth
delayed sexual maturing
impaired immune function
loss of taste
eye and skin lesions

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7
Q

Zinc toxicity symptoms

A

loss of appetite
impaired immunity
low HDL
N&V
headaches
copper and iron deficiency

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8
Q

Zinc sources

A

protein: meats, shellfish, poultry, grains, veg

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9
Q

Selenium

A

assists group of enzymes that break down reactive chemicals that harm cells

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10
Q

Selenium deficiency symptoms

A

predisposition of heart disease

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11
Q

Selenium toxicity symptoms

A

nausea, abd pain, nail and hair changes, nerve damage

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12
Q

Selenium sources

A

seafoods, organ meats, whole grains and veg

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13
Q

Iodine

A

component of 2 thyroid hormones (regulate growth, development and metabolic rate)

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14
Q

Iodine deficiency symptoms

A

goiter, cretinism

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15
Q

Iodine toxicity symptoms

A

depressed thyroid activity, goiterlike thyroid enlargement

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16
Q

Iodine sources

A

iodized salt, seafood, bread, plants

17
Q

Copper

A

Necessary for the absorption and use of iron in the formation of hemoglobin

18
Q

Copper deficiency symptoms

A

anemia, bone abnormalities

19
Q

Copper toxicity symptoms

A

vomiting, diarrhea, liver damage

20
Q

Copper sources

A

organ meats, seafood, nuts, seeds, whole grains, drinking water

21
Q

Manganese

A

Facilitator of many cell processes through enzymes
Bone formation

22
Q

Manganese toxicity symptoms

A

nervous system disorders

23
Q

Manganese sources

A

nuts, whole grains, leafy veg, tea

24
Q

Fluoride

A

element involved in the formation of bones and teeth; helps teeth resist decay

25
Fluoride deficiency symptoms
tooth decay
26
Fluoride toxicity symptoms
fluorosis (pitting and discoloration of teeth) skeletal fluorosis (weak, malformed bones)
27
Fluoride sources
water, tea, seafood
28
Chromium
enhances insulin action and may improve glucose tolerance
29
Chromium deficiency symptoms
diabetes like condition (cant use glucose normally)
30
Chromium sources
meats, whole grains
31
Who is at the highest risk for zinc deficiency?
pregnant teens
32
Zinc UL
40 mg/day
33
What cancers does selenium help with?
prostate, colon
34
Iodine UL
1100 ug/day
35
Manganese UL
11 mg/day