Adult/older adult Flashcards

1
Q

How does being active affect aging?

A

Weigh less; have greater flexibility, more endurance, better balance, and better health; and live longer

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2
Q

Daily activity recommendations

A

Intense enough to prevent muscle atrophy and to speed up the heartbeat and respiration rate

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3
Q

Physical changes that come with aging

A

tooth loss, gum disease, difficulty chewing and swallowing, pain and discomfort while eating
Less muscle strength with digestion (constipation)
Pancreas secretes less insulin
Diminished smell and taste
Weight loss
increased urination

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4
Q

Nutrition recommendations

A

Variety in food intake (fruits and veg)
Moderation of sugar intake
Appropriate fiber intake
Moderate sodium intake
Increased intakes of potassium and calcium (prevents htn and osteoporosis)

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5
Q

Cataracts

A

thickening of the lens in the eyes (cloudiness) that impair vision
related to aging

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6
Q

Macular degeneration

A

deterioration of the macular region of the eye

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7
Q

Dietary factors related to catoracts

A

Vegetables/fruits rich in carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E may slow progression or reduce risk
Cataracts correlated with obesity

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8
Q

Dietary factors related to macular degeneration

A

Supplements of vitamins C and E reduce risk of progression
Folate, vitamins B6 and B12, lutein, and zeaxanthin may help prevent or slow progression

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9
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

loose fluid and cushioning in between joints

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10
Q

What are health considerations with arthritis?

A

Common with obesity
Weight reduction and physical activity relieves pain

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11
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

autoimmune response, inflammation, pain
Immune system mistakenly attacks the bone coverings
Some individuals benefit from Mediterranean-type diet and/or high intakes of omega-3s from fish

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12
Q

What happens in the brain with aging?

A

Blood supply decreases
Number of neurons diminishes

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13
Q

Nutrient deficiencies in brain function

A

Deficiencies may contribute to the loss of memory and cognition
Folate, vitamins B6 & B12 slow brain atrophy
May be prevented, diminished, or delayed through diet

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14
Q

Sarcopenia

A

age related loss of skeletal muscle

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15
Q

RDA for protein in older adult

A

0.8 g/kg; but may need 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg

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16
Q

Energy and nutrient needs for older adults

A

Vit B12 (anemia, poor cognition)
Iron (low food intake)
Zinc (many meds decrease absorption)
Calcium
Vit D
Folate

17
Q

Water consumption

A

Women 9 cups a day
Men: 13 cups a day

Fear of incontinency, do not notice thirst