Adult/older adult

Question 1

How does being active affect aging?

Answer 1

Weigh less; have greater flexibility, more endurance, better balance, and better health; and live longer

Question 2

Daily activity recommendations

Answer 2

Intense enough to prevent muscle atrophy and to speed up the heartbeat and respiration rate

Question 3

Physical changes that come with aging

Answer 3

tooth loss, gum disease, difficulty chewing and swallowing, pain and discomfort while eating
Less muscle strength with digestion (constipation)
Pancreas secretes less insulin
Diminished smell and taste
Weight loss
increased urination

Question 4

Nutrition recommendations

Answer 4

Variety in food intake (fruits and veg)
Moderation of sugar intake
Appropriate fiber intake
Moderate sodium intake
Increased intakes of potassium and calcium (prevents htn and osteoporosis)

Question 5

Cataracts

Answer 5

thickening of the lens in the eyes (cloudiness) that impair vision
related to aging

Question 6

Macular degeneration

Answer 6

deterioration of the macular region of the eye

Question 7

Dietary factors related to catoracts

Answer 7

Vegetables/fruits rich in carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E may slow progression or reduce risk
Cataracts correlated with obesity

Question 8

Dietary factors related to macular degeneration

Answer 8

Supplements of vitamins C and E reduce risk of progression
Folate, vitamins B6 and B12, lutein, and zeaxanthin may help prevent or slow progression

Question 9

Osteoarthritis

Answer 9

loose fluid and cushioning in between joints

Question 10

What are health considerations with arthritis?

Answer 10

Common with obesity
Weight reduction and physical activity relieves pain

Question 11

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 11

autoimmune response, inflammation, pain
Immune system mistakenly attacks the bone coverings
Some individuals benefit from Mediterranean-type diet and/or high intakes of omega-3s from fish

Question 12

What happens in the brain with aging?

Answer 12

Blood supply decreases
Number of neurons diminishes

Question 13

Nutrient deficiencies in brain function

Answer 13

Deficiencies may contribute to the loss of memory and cognition
Folate, vitamins B6 & B12 slow brain atrophy
May be prevented, diminished, or delayed through diet

Question 14

Sarcopenia

Answer 14

age related loss of skeletal muscle

Question 15

RDA for protein in older adult

Answer 15

0.8 g/kg; but may need 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg

Question 16

Energy and nutrient needs for older adults

Answer 16

Vit B12 (anemia, poor cognition)
Iron (low food intake)
Zinc (many meds decrease absorption)
Calcium
Vit D
Folate

Question 17

Water consumption

Answer 17

Women 9 cups a day
Men: 13 cups a day

Fear of incontinency, do not notice thirst