Intro to nutrition Flashcards
Nutrition
The science of foods and the nutrients and other substances they contain and their ingestion, digestion, absorption, transportation, metabolism, interaction, storage and excretion
Study of environment and human behavior as it relates to these processes
Food Guides
Diet-planning tools that sort foods of similar origin and nutrient content into groups and then specify that people should eat certain numbers of servings from each group
Canadian diet ethno-cultural influences
1950s- majority of immigrants from europe
1999- asian country immigrants, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
2006- More than 200 ethnic groups identified, chinese (15%), east indian (10%), European (34%)
2016- 1 in 5 canadian residents were born outside of Canada
Primary determinants to healthy eating
access to information
availability of healthy and accessible foods
poverty
What is the problem with nutrition misinformation?
Limitations of media to present important facts
Findings are controversial (scientists may disagree)
Preliminary findings are used by the media/commercial promotors
Promotors know consumers like to try new products and treatments
How can we tell what claims to believe?
Was the study a properly designed scientific experiment?
Can findings be replicated?
Are findings based solely on personal testimonials?
Are findings generalized for all people?
Is the journal a respected journal?
What to be aware of
Quick and easy fixes
personal testimonials
one product fits all
natural
time-tested or latest innovation
satisfaction guaranteed
paranoid accusations
meaningless medical jargon
too good to be true
Social learning theory
3 motivating factors
- physical motivators
- social incentives (friends, family, groups)
- cognitive motivators (feeling healthy in their bodies)
Transtheoretical model of change
Precontemplation stage - an individual does not see a health problem, no intention of changing or modifying
Contemplation stage - has awareness of problem and considering making a change (lack of commitment)
Preparation stage - begins to take small steps towards changing difficult health related habits (no full commitment)
Action stage - strong commitment to change and making consistent definitive actions to make behavioral change
Maintenance stage - an individual stabilizes, consolidation
Self-efficacy
a personal belief in one’s ability to execute the actions required to achieve a goal
SMART Goals
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time bound
Motivation framework
Behavior change is based on persons values, beliefs or preferences
Patient centered care
Allows individual to take charge of personal health and control lifestyle factors that impact health
More effective than other approaches (client chooses actions)
Food consumption Surveys
measures the amount and kinds of food people consume (diet histories)
estimates the nutrition intakes and compare them with a standard such as the DRI
Nutrition Status Surveys
Surveys that evaluate peoples nutrition assessment methods
Dietary reference intakes (DRI)
a set of values for the dietary nutrients intakes of healthy people in the US and Canada
Used for planning and assessing diets, seen as a whole