Vitamin E Flashcards
T or F
There are only 3 isomers of vitamin E
False, many isomers
What is the most biologically active form of vitamin E
Alpha tocopherol
What are the two categories of vitamin E?
Tocopherols and tocotrienols
Why can not all vitamin E reverse deficiency? Which type is best?
All isomers differ in absorption, transport, rentention, and metabolism
Alpha tocopherol is best
What are the active stereoisomers of alpha-tocopherol? Which can reverse deficiencies
RRR (reverses deficiency)
RRS
RSR
RSS
What is the RDA for vitamin E for women and men 14-70 years old?
Women= 15
Men= 15
What is the RDA for women who are 18 yrs or younger and pregnant? How about 19+?
<18= 15
>19= 15
What is the RDA for women who are 18 yrs or younger and breastfeeding? How about 19+?
<18= 19
>19= 19
Why is vitamin E susceptible to destruction during food prep/storage?
Because it’s fat soluble
(Roasting seeds also destroy)
What are food sources of vitamin E?
What germ
Vegetable oils
Nuts
Seeds
Leafy greens
Whole grains (rice bran)
Some breakfast cereal
T or F
Tocopherol is not found free in food
False
Maintenance of ____ integrity and ____ membranes and all 8 isoforms being an _____ are the functions of vitamin E
Membrane
Lipoproteins
Antioxidant
_____, ____, and ____ are all needed to recycle vitamin E. ____ needs NADH OR NADPH and _____ needs selenium to do this.
Vitamin C
Niacin
Glutathione peroxidase
Niacin
Glutathione peroxidase
What processes can vitamin E impact?
Inflammation
Blood coagulation
T or F
Vitamin E aids in transcription factors of gene expression, reduces cholesterol metabolism and possibly decreased cell proliferation
True
T or F
Vitamin E helps in signal transduction
True
What 5 vitamin E functions are related to the immune system?
- Antioxidant
- Protecting cell membranes of immune cells
- Gene expression
- Signal transduction
- Anti inflammatory
High intakes of vitamin E decrease absorption and metabolism of what?
Beta-carotene (fat soluble non nutrient)
Vitamin K
T or F
When you increase your omega-3 intake (PUFA) you should decrease your vitamin E intake
False, need to increase vit E
Where are there higher amounts of vitamin E?
Lungs
Brain
Erythrocytes
Mitochondrial membranes
Endoplasmic reticulum
A severe deficiency is rare but is more common in individuals with ____, pre-terms,____, fat malabsorption diseases (IBD), and ___
Cystic fibrosis
Genetic disorders with lipoprotein production
Adherence to low fat diets
Peripheral neuropathy which is ____, myopathy which is ____, and retinopathy which is _____, and hemolytic anemia are all symptoms of a severe vitamin E deficiency
Neurological problems
Muscle pain and weakness
Damage to the retina of the eye
Red blood cells getting damaged by oxygen= free radical attack
T or F
Vitamin E is one of the most toxic fat soluble vitamins
False, one of least toxic
More than ____ mg of vitamin E may interfere with vitamin K function
> 1000 mg
T or F
Vitamin E toxicity may result in mild GI problems such as nausea, diarrhea, or flatulence
True
1000 mg of alpha-tocopherol= _____ IU alpha-tocopherol
1500 IU
The UL for alpha tocopherol for adults older than 19 is ____
1000 mg/d
T or F
In the small intestine vitamin E is put into chylomicrons for transportation in the lymphatic system
True
T or F
Alpha-tocopherols have different stereoisomeric forms
True
T or F
Pre-terms mag be low in vitamin E
True
T or F
Tocotrienols are not found in food naturally
False
