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Nutrition 4020 > Vitamin C > Flashcards

Vitamin C Flashcards

1
Q

What is the reduced and oxidized form of vitamin C?

A

Reduced= ascorbic acid (AA)
Oxidized= Dehydroascrobic acid (DA)

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2
Q

T or F
Vitamin C deficiency has no effect on fertility

A

False, deficiency can increase risk of infertility

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3
Q

Can vitamin C be easily destroyed?

A

Yes by oxygen and high temperature

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4
Q

Most plant and animal species are able to synthesis vitamin C from glucose and galactose because they have what type of pathway?

A

Uronic acid pathway
(Primates don’t have enzyme gulonlactone oxidase to do it)

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5
Q

What is the RDA for men and women ages 19-70?

A

Women= 75 mg/d
Men=90 mg/d

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6
Q

What is the RDA for men and women 19+ who are smokers? Why is that important?

A

Women= 110 mg/d
Men=125 mg/d
Smoking is biggest producer of free radicals

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7
Q

What is the RDA for pregnant women 18 or younger? How about 19 or older?

A

80 mg/ d
85 mg/d

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8
Q

What is the RDA for women lactating 18 or younger? What about 19 or older?

A

115 mg/d
120 mg/d

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9
Q

T or F
The UL for adults 19 or older is 3000 mg/ d

A

False, it’s 2000 mg/d

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10
Q

What are sources of vitamin C?

A

Asparagus
Papaya
Citrus fruit
Tomatoes
Cantaloupe
Cauliflower
Broccoli
Green/ red bell peppers
Kiwi
Kale/ spinach
Strawberries

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11
Q

The food that gives 341 mg of vitamin C per serving is _____

A

Sweet red pepper

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12
Q

What is the highest source of vitamin C? How many mg does it have?

A

Acerola cherry has 1700 mg vitamin C per 100 g of fruit

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13
Q

What pathway can reduced vitamin C pass through?

A

SVCT 1 or SVCT 2

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14
Q

What pathway can oxidized vitamin C pass through?

A

GLUT 1 or GLUT 3

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15
Q

Does the reduced or oxidized form of vitamin C get reabsorbed through the kidneys? Through which transporter?

A

Reduced AA
through SVCT 1

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16
Q

T or F
The less vitamin C you have, the more it gets absorbed

A

True

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17
Q

How bioavaible is vitamin C?

A

80-90% absorbed when less than 100 mg
Decreased 50% when more than 1000 mg

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18
Q

Where is most extra vitamin C excreted?

A

In urine

19
Q

Pain killers, _____, fever,____,stress,____,____, and ____ all reduce the vitamin C’s bioavailability

A

Usage of antibiotics
Alcohol intake
Aspirin
Viral illnesses
Estrogen containing contraceptives

20
Q

T or F
Taking one baby aspirin a day would decrease vitamin C’s bioavailability

A

False, taking normal aspirin multiple times a day would

21
Q

T or F
Ascorbic acid can lose and gain electrons easily

A

True

22
Q

Fe2+ is also known as? Is it heme or non heme?

A

Ferrous form
Heme

23
Q

Fe3+ is also known as? Is it heme or non heme?

A

Ferric
Non heme

24
Q

What are the functions of vitamin C?

A

Antioxidant
Regenerates vitamin E
Increases absorption of non heme iron
Sysnthesis and metabolism of B9
Conversion of cholesterol to bile

25
Q

Other than vitamin C what mineral is important for folate metabolism?

A

Zinc

26
Q

Vitamin C helps with the synthesis of ___ and ___, and also reduces the severity of a ____ reaction

A

Carnitine
Collagen
Allergic

27
Q

What transports fatty acids into the mitochondria to be broken down?

A

Carnitine

28
Q

____ is important for the metabolism of certain neurotransmitters

A

Tyrosine

29
Q

____ constitutes the principal protein of skin, bones, teeth, cartilage, tendons, blood vessels, heart valves, inter vertebral discs, cornea, and eye lens

A

Collagen

30
Q

Vitamin C stimulates the production and function of certain ____

A

Leukocytes

31
Q

T or F
Vitamin C stimulates chemotaxis and phagocytosis, as well as enhancing B-cell proliferation

A

False, T cell proliferation

32
Q

T or F
Vitamin C helps block pathways that lead to apoptosis of T cells

A

True

33
Q

What diseases has vitamin C been used for for prevention and treatment?

A

CVD
Diabetes
Common cold
Cataracts and ARMD
CANCER

34
Q

What are 5 symptoms of a vitamin C deficiency resulting in scurvy that deal with collagen?

A
  1. Spontaneous rupture and hermitage of cappliaries around hair follicles
  2. Bleeding gums
  3. Impaired wound healing
  4. Muscle weakness/ degeneration
  5. Weakening of blood vessels
35
Q

What is the spontaneous rupture and hermitage of caplilsries around hair follicles called?

A

Petechiae

36
Q

Abdominal pain and _____ are signs of a vitamin C toxicity because bacteria metabolize extra vitamin C

A

Osmotic diarrhea

37
Q

Oxalate and Uric acid based ____, impaired ____ activity, and hemochromatosis are more signs of a vitamin C toxicity

A

Kidney stones
Leukocyte
Hemochromatosis=iron toxicity

38
Q

T or F
Vitamin C increases ability of bacteria to perform phagocytosis on white blood cells

A

False

39
Q

Fat soluble vitamins include
A. Vitamin D
B. Retinoids
C. Vitamin C
D. Two are correct
E. All are correct

A

D

40
Q

What is the UL for vitamin C for someone who is 27 years old?

A

2000 mg/d

41
Q

T or F
GLUT transports can transport both vitamin C and glucose

A

True

42
Q

T or F
Vitamin C is transported in lymphatic system after digestion

A

False

43
Q

T or F
The risk of hemochromatosis is increased by vitamin C due to the fact that vitamin C increases age synthesis in the body

A

False

44
Q

T or F
Carnitine is a transporter of amino acids into mitochondria of the cell

A

False, transports fatty acids

Nutrition 4020 (4 decks)

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