Vision Flashcards
Sight: the act or power of sensing with the eyes.
Vision
To perceive with the eyes. The act of seeing is a dynamic and creative process. It is capable of delivering a stable, three-dimensional perception of the moving, changing images that make up our visual world. There are three steps in the swift and sophiticated processing the results in the images we see.
See
Thre three-dimensional, sterescopic vision resulting from the use of both eyes at the same time.
Binocular Vision
The coordinated turning of the eyes inward to focus on a nearby point.
Convergene
The process by which the human eye changes focus for objects at various distances, involving changes in the shape of the crystalline lens.
Accommodation
The entire field encompassed by the human eye when it is trained in any particular direction.
Field of vision, visual field
The portion of the cerebral cortex of the brain that receives and processes impulses from the optic nerves.
Visual cortex
The angle that an object or detail subtends at the point of observation, usually measured in minutes of arc.
Visual angle
Acuteness of vision as determined by a comparison with the normal ability to define certain letters at a given distance, usually, 20ft (6m).
Visual acuity
The capability of our visual system to distinguish two separate but adjacent objects or sources of light in our field of view.
resolution
The ability or power to see or make fine distinctions.
Discrimination
Appearance to the human eye or mind.
Aspect
The ability to apprehend and interpret pictures, drawings, or other visual images.
Visual literacy
Appreciative or discriminating visual perception.
Eye
A perception of visual stimuli that represents what is perceived in a way different from the way it is in reality.
Optical illusion
The apparent displacement or change in direction of an observed object caused by a change in the position of the observer that provides a new line of sight.
Parallax
Pertaining to perception of the spatial relationships among the objects within the field of vision.
Visuospatial
The ability to locate oneself in one’s environment with reference to time, place, and people.
Orientation
The obscuring of a form or figure that occurs when its shape, pattern, texture, or coloration is similar to that of its surrounding field or background.
Camouflage
The act of faculty of apprehending by means of the senses or of the mind.
Perception
An awareness derived by the visual system in response to an external stimulus.
Visual perception
A property of perception in which there is a tendency to see parts of a visual field as solid, well-defined objects standing out against a less distinct background.
Figure-ground
A shape or form, as determined by outlines or exterior surfaces.
Figure
The receding part of a visual field against which a figure is perceived.
Ground, background
The parts or portion of a scene, situated in the rear, as opposed to foreground.
Background
The parts or portion of a scene situated in the front, nearest to the viewer.
Foreground
The theory or doctrine that physiological or psychological phenomena do not occur through the summation of individual elements, such as reflexes or sensations, but through gestalts functioning separately or interrelatedly.
Gestalt psychology, configurationism
A unified configuration, pattern, or field of specific properties that cannot be derived from the summation of the component parts.
Gestalt
A consistent, characteristic, or coherent arrangement based on the interrelation of component parts.
Pattern
A property of perception in which the mind’s eye searches for meaning by imagining and projecting known or familiar images onto the seemingly amorphous shapes of a pattern until it finds a match that makes sense. This attempt to complete an incomplete pattern, or find a meaningful pattern embedded in a larger one, is in accordance with what we already know or expect to see. Once seen and understood, it is difficult to not see the image.
Projection
A property of perception in which there is a tendency to group things that have some visual characteristic in common, such as a similarity of shape, size, color, orientation or detail.
Similarity
A property of perception in which there is a tendency to group elements that are close together, to the exclusion of those that are further away.
Proximity
A property of perception in which there is a tendency to group elements that continue along the same line or the same direction. This search for continuity of line and direction can also lead to our perception of the simpler, more regular figures or patterns in a composition
Continuity
A perceptual phenomenon in which apparent differences in size are ignored in order to identify and categorize things, regardless of how distant they are, leading to the perception of a class of objects as having uniform size and constant color and texture.
Constancy
A property of perception in which there is a tendency for an open or incomplete figure to be seen as if it were closed or complete and stable form.
Closure
A phenomenon of visual perception in which intense exposure to one color or value leads to the sensation of its complement, which is projected as an afterimage on another color or surface viewed immediately thereafter.
Successive contrast
A visual sensation that persists after the stimulus that caused it is no longer operative or present.
Afterimage
A phenomenon of visual perception in which the stimulation of one color or value leads to the sensation of its complement, which is projected instantaneously on a juxtaposed color or value. Simultaneous contrast intensifies complementary colors and shifts anologous colors toward each other’s complementary hue, esp when the juxtaposed colors are similar in value. When two colors of contrasting value are juxtaposed, the lighter color will deepen the darker color while the darker color will lighten the lighter one.
Simultaneous Contrast
