Plumbing Design And Estimate By Fajardo

Question 1

Is defined as the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatus to convey and supply water in buildings and to dispose and discharge waste water and other liquids, gases, and other substances out of the buildings in safe, orderly, healthy, and sanitary way to ensure health and the sanitation of life and property.

Answer 1

Plumbing

Question 2

Refers to a person who is skilled in the field of sanitation.

Answer 2

Plumber

Question 3

Refers to an individual who worked on the sanitary field of ancient Rome.

Answer 3

Plumbarius

Question 4

A metal used as plumbing materials by the Romans. Meant Lead and preferred for its malleability and resistance to acids.

Answer 4

Plumbum

Question 5

Source of water supply and their means of transportation back before 40s decade.

Answer 5

Rainfall, river, springs, well, creeks, conveyed through Bamboo Pipes, By Man Himself, or by Animal Drawn Carts

Question 6

Two main objectives of Plumbing

Answer 6

Supply water and Remove waste discharge

Question 7

Conditions for an effective water supply in building.

Answer 7

Sufficient amount of water to provide each fixture; To prevent back-flow into the water supply system.

Question 8

The system should accomplished the following:

Answer 8

Fast removal of waste with minimum leakage and stoppage; To prevent the entry of house vermin and obnoxious gases

Question 9

All plumbing design and installations are governed by a set of rules and limitations prescribed by the National Plumbing Code, which provides that: “All drainage system must conform with a set of requirements enumerated as follows:

Answer 9

1. Tightly Connected and Sealed 2. Properly Inclined 3. Adequate Clean out 4. Provision of Ventilation Pipe 5. Suitable trap for each fixture except water closet 6. Must be vented to avoid back flow and back siphonage.

Question 10

To anyone, the word plumbing connotes fixtures and piping installations that will supply water and dispose waste in various forms. Waste is classified into two types:

Answer 10

Solid Waste and Liquid Waste

Question 11

Waste is classified into two types. One of this is being discharged by water closet.

Answer 11

Solid Waste

Question 12

Waste is classified into two types. One of this are waste that are coming from various fixtures other than the water closet or urinal.

Answer 12

Liquid Waste

Question 13

Solid and Liquid waste are the two primary types of waste. These types of waste are also conveyed and disposed of by two types of drainage pipe. What are these pipes.

Answer 13

Soil Pipe and Waste Pipe

Question 14

Any pipe that conveys waste from various fixtures other than the water closet and urinal is called -

Answer 14

Waste pipe

Question 15

Those pipes that convey waste coming from the water closet and the urinal is called -

Answer 15

Soil Pipe

Question 16

Unlike the waste pipe pipe, that is exclusively to receive discharges coming from the fixtures only, while the ________ can accept both wastes from water closet, urinal, and other fixtures.

Answer 16

Soil pipe

Question 17

The drainage installation is sometimes referred to as DWV which means

Answer 17

D for drainage of solid waste, W for waste coming from various fixtures other the water closet, and V is for ventilation piping

Question 18

A vent that does not carry water or water borne wastes.

Answer 18

Dry Vent

Question 19

For the past several decades, the most popular and generally specified material for drainage system in buildings is the _______. It is durable, conveniently installed and answer to the most of plumbing needs of all types of building less than ________ high. However, buildings taller than this height do not specify this type of iron because of constant vibrations which causes water leak of the pipe joints.

Answer 19

Cast Iron Pipe; 25 story high

Question 20

This type of cast iron pipe is generally used for building installation.

Answer 20

SV type

Question 21

This type of cast iron pipe is classified as extra duty pipe used for underground installation

Answer 21

XV type

Question 22

*Cast iron pipe has four Varieties

Answer 22

Standard Pipe; Single hub pipe; Double Hub pipe; Hubless Pipe

Question 23

A pipe made from alloy of cast iron and silicon. It is widely used in chemical laboratories, industries and other installations where acid wastes are being discharge. Basically this type of pipe is brittle in character and requires stronger support for each pipe installed horizontally to prevent sagging of joints.

Answer 23

Acid resistant Cast Iron Pipe

Question 24

Is made of asbestos fibers and Portland cement. The thickness of the pipe is twice as that of the standard cast iron pipe. This pipe could be used as soil, waste, and ventilation pipe and downspout. This kind of pipe is superior for embedment in concrete structure for having the same material properties.

Answer 24

Asbestos Pipe

Question 25

This pipe material is the cheapest among the sewer pipes. It is sometimes recommended for house sewer and for septic tank installation. This type of pipe is light in weight, slightly flexible which could take slight soil movement without danger of cracking or pulling out from its joints. However, excessive hot water or chemical flow may soften or damage the pipe.

Answer 25

Bituminous Fiber Sewer Pipe

Question 26

Revit city password

Answer 26

yy4rzcPJ3

Question 27

One of the oldest materials used for sewer lines. It is made out of clay, cast into length of 75cm treated with glazing compound. The pipe os heated in a large kiln under a temperature of 1370 degrees Celsius, making it impervious to moisture. It is highly resistant to acid wastes. It is a durable material for under ground installations like public sewer, house sewer or storm drain. Being made of clay, its physical property is brittle. Hence, it should not benlaid on unstable ground base.

Answer 27

Vitrified Clay Pipe

Question 28

The vitrified clay pipe is heated in a large kiln under a temperature of ________, to make it impervious to moisture and acid wastes.

Answer 28

1370 degree Celsius

Question 29

This pipe material is also one of the oldest plumbing materials used by the Egyptians, the Greeks and the Roman builders as soil and waste pipe. Lead is highly resistant to acid and is suitable for underground installations. But because lead is poisonous and injurious to human health, it is never used to convey water for human consumption.

Answer 29

Lead Pipe

Question 30

A type of pipe material made out from mild steel. Drawn through a die and welded, cast into 6 meters long. This type of pipe is easily corroded by alkaline and acid water. The carbonic acid in water, attack the zinc coating and ultimately the steel itself. It is subject to deposits of salt and lime that gradually accumulate and finally choke the flow of water. This pipe material deteriorate faster when used as hot water supply line.

Answer 30

Galvanized Steel Pipe

Question 31

This pipe material is better in quality the the steel pipe for plumbing installation. Test showed that this pipe is more resistant to acid waste than the steel pipe

Answer 31

Galvanized Wrought Iron Pipe

Question 32

This pipe material is one of the most expensive types of pipe. This pipe is made of an ally or zinc and copper mixed at 15% and 85% proportion respectively. Because of its smooth interior surface and resistance to acid, this pipe became superior material for waste and water supply installations. This pipe are of the recessed type similar in design with galvanized steel pipe.

Answer 32

Brass Pipe

Question 33

This type of pipe material is durable and extremely corrosive resistant material. It is easy to install compared with other types of pipe. This material is classified into three types namely K type, L type and M type.

Answer 33

Copper Pipe

Question 34

This type of copper pipe is the heaviest. It is suitable for underground installations.

Answer 34

K Type

Question 35

This type of copper pipe is lighter than the type K. Available in both the rigid and flexible form. It is commonly used in residential water supply line and for radiant heating installations.

Answer 35

L type

Question 36

This type of copper material is the thinnest and available only in a rigid form. This type of copper pipe is specially designed for small water supply lines and for radiant heating installations.

Answer 36

M type

Question 37

In installing hot water line, the use of _________ pipe should be avoided because _________ on this pipe is higher than the smaller one.

Answer 37

Larger; Heat loss

Question 38

Plastic or synthetic pipes was developed in _______ in the mid year of ________.

Answer 38

Germany; 1935

Question 39

Acid Resistant cast iron pipe is mainly used for this purpose.

Answer 39

Chemical laboratories, industries and other installations where acid wastes are being discharge.

Question 40

Types of Plastic Synthetic Pipes

Answer 40

Rigid Type and Flexible Type

Question 41

6 Rigid type of plastic pipes are:

Answer 41

1. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) 2. Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) 3. Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (uPVC) 4. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) 5. Polypropylene (PP) 6. Styrene Rubber Plastic (SR)

Question 42

2 types of flexible synthetic Pipe.

Answer 42

1. Polyethylene (PE) 2. Polybutylene (PB)

Question 43

The _____ and _______ type of synthetic plastic pipe are in coil form available at ________ meters and _______ meters respectively.

Answer 43

Polyethylene (PE) and Polybutylene ( PB); 30 meters and 150 meters in coil form.

Question 44

The plastic pipe being used for hot water lines are the: (3)

Answer 44

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC); Polyvinyl Dichloride (PVDC); and the Polypropylene (PP)

Question 45

PVC pipe fittings weighs about 1/5 of the metal pipe. They are easily and quickly installed through _________.

Answer 45

Solvent Cement

Question 46

PVC pipe can be connected to existing metal pipe using a _______________.

Answer 46

Threaded Adapter

Question 47

Certain chemicals such as ______________ should not be poured in PVC or any other drainage pipe.

Answer 47

Methyl-Ehtyl-Ketone (Acetone), paint remover, paint brush cleaner.

Question 48

Perplexing meaning

Answer 48

Pagkalito/Nakakalito

Question 49

The first plastic material introduced about 100 years aho was called ______.

Answer 49

Celluliod

Question 50

A plastic pipe material developed in 1905 was _________

Answer 50

Bakelite

Question 51

In 1972, approximately 4,500 states, country and city Codes permitted the use pf plastic pipe for all or a portion of the plumbing system. The plumbing code that was promulgated by the Association of Plumbing Officials and the Plumbing Contractors was called __________.

Answer 51

Model Code

Question 52

A highly heat-resistant fibrous silicate mineral able to be woven into fabrics, used in brake linings and in fire-resistant and insulating materials

Answer 52

Asbestos

Question 53

A black viscous mixture of hydrocarbons obtained naturally or as a residue from petroleum distillation, used for road surfacing and roofing.

Answer 53

Bitumen/Aspalto

Question 54

Convert into glass or a glass-like substance, typically by exposure to heat.

Answer 54

Vitrify/ gawing parang salamin

Question 55

Coat (iron or steel) with a protective layer of zinc.

Answer 55

Galvanized

Question 56

able to be kept; not perishable.

Answer 56

Durable/Pang matagalan

Question 57

Commercial length of cast iron pipe is ___________cm long with diameters ranging from ________ to __________mm.

Answer 57

150cm; 50mm; 150mm

Question 58

A type of cast iron pipe that is used for a well-fitted hub and spigot connections.

Answer 58

Standard Pipe

Question 59

This type of cast iron pipe is recommended when the length of pipe is needed is more than 150cm long wherein cutting is not necessary.

Answer 59

Single Hub

Question 60

This type of cast iron pipe is preferred when a piece of pipe needed is shorter than 150cm long. When the pipe is cut, both ends has hub to serve as joint connector.

Answer 60

Double Hub

Question 61

This type of cast iron pipe is used in lieu of the single hub to do away with caulking of joints. It is cheaper and easily connected using a neoprene rubber sleeve.

Answer 61

Hubless pipe

Question 62

Effective length for Cast Iron Pipe: (Pipe with Hub)

Answer 62

2” and 3” = 143mm 4 - 6” = 142mm

Question 63

Effective Length for Cast Iron Pipe (Hubless Pipe)

Answer 63

150mm for diameter of cast iron pipe

Question 64

Additional Length in Cast Iron Pipe: List Down 2” (50mm) to 6” (150mm)

Answer 64

2” - 62mm Engagement Length 3” - 68mm Engagement Length 4” - 75mm Engagement Length 5” - 75mm Engagement Length 6” - 75mm Engagement Length

Question 65

(Cast Iron Pipe) Table: Quantity of Oakum in Pipe Joints

Answer 65

2” - .05kg 3” - .08kg 4” - .15kg 5” - .23kg 6” - .35kg

Question 66

(Cast Iron Pipe) Table for quantity of Lead per Joint

Answer 66

2” - .5kg 3” - .8kg 4” - 1kg 5” - 1.5kg 6” - 2kg

Question 67

Fill up the following:

Answer 67

Question 68

What plumbing tool is in the image:

Answer 68

Snap Cutter

Question 69

From figure presented, find the length of the cast iron pipe required to connect the installation, and determine what type of pipe should be recommended and why?

Answer 69

1. The length of the face distance is 120 centimeters. Refer to Table 3-3, the additional length for a 50mm (2”) pipe is 6.2 centimeters

Add: 120 + 6.2 = 126.2 centimeters

2. This is the length of the pipe required to connect the installation. As to the type, DOUBLE HUB is appropriate because the length required is less than 150 centimeters. The excess pipe with hub after cutting could be used on other joint requiring hub.

Question 70

From Figure 3-6, find the number and length of the cast iron pipe required using 100 mm (4”) diameter.

Answer 70

1. The Face to face distance is 360 centimeters. From Table 3-3, the additional engagement lengthof a 100 mm (4”) pipe is 7.5cm, thus, the two end engagement length is: 7.5 + 7.5 = 15 centimeters
2. The total length required is:

360+15=375 centimeters

3. Divide the total length by the effective length of one pipe:

375/142 = 2.62 pipes

4. The whole number 2 means two pipes at 150 cm long. The amount of .62 means the fractional part to be cut or taken from one pipe (.62 * 1.50). In short, this is less than one pipe length.
5. Therefore: the pipes required are:

2 pieces 100 mm at 150 cm = 3.00 meters

1 pice 100mm at .93 cm = .93 meters

Total Length = 3.93 meters

Question 71

The installation as shown on figure 3-7 specify the use of 75 mm diamter hubless pipe. Find the number of pipes and the neoprene rubber sleeves including the accesories required.

Answer 71

1. The installation distance is 6.50 meters. Refer to Table 3-2, the effective length of a 75mm hubless pipe is 1.50 meters.

Divide by the effective length:

6. 50/1.50 = 4.33
7. The installation therefore requires 4 hubless pipes and (.33 x 150) length of one pipe is 49.5cm long.
8. The total number of pipes required will be:

4 pcs 75 mm x 150 cm hubless pipe and 1 pcs 75mm x 49.5cm long

4. By direct counting, the neoprene rubber sleeves and other accesories are:

5 pcs neoprene rubber sleeves

5 pcs stainless steel shild

10 pieces screw clump

Question 72

Working with galvanized steel pipe is somewhat difficult because of its rigidity and the threading processes involved, plus the joining operations. The face to face method is applied conveniently in measuring the length for a connection. however, allowance for the thread that will enter into the fiiting should be provided. Working with galvanized steel pipe involve the following considerations: (4)

Answer 72

1. Direct Connection
2. Measuring and Cutting
3. Threading Operations
4. Sizing of the pipes

Question 73

refers to the manner of planning the layout and re-routing of the pipes to reach the point of service. All pipelines should be installed as short and direct as possible. The number of fittings and pipe cutting plus the threading work can be reduced to the minimum required if the plumbing layout was planned carefully.

Answer 73

Direct Connection

Question 74

Errors commited in the ____________ of pipes, may mean additional pipes and fittings, cost of labor, and the risk of water leakage. The face to face methods of measuring and cutting of pipe connection is considered the most reliable. The procedures were already explained in connecting cast iron pipes.

Answer 74

Measuring and Cuttings

Question 75

On this principle, steel pipe should be held rigidly with a proper holding tools. Cutting is done by using a 14-teeth per inch hacksaw blade applying forwardstrokes at the rate of about one stroke per second. Remember that fast cutting will overheat and break the blade.

Answer 75

Cutting and Threading Operations

Question 76

The size of galvanized iron pipe is the diameter of its hole not the outside diameter. In the absence of a measuring caliper, the ______ of apipe can be known by measuring the _______ of the pipe with a string.

Answer 76

Inside circumference; Outside Circumference

Question 77

Unable to bend or be forced out of shape./ Matibay, Mahigpit, Matigas

Answer 77

Rigid

Question 78

Answer 78

Pivoted Mandrel/Mandrel Bender

Question 79

Answer 79

Copper Tube

Question 80

Answer 80

PPR - Polypropylene Random

Question 81

Another way of bending copper is by using __________ to produce a smooth clean curve.

Answer 81

Steel spring inserted inside the pipe

Question 82

Answer 82

Emery Cloth

Question 83

Answer 83

Soldering Flux

Question 84

Joining of Copper Pipes: (3)

Answer 84

1. Clean Pipe with Emery Cloth.
2. Apply Flux
3. Rotate to spread flux

Question 85

The simplest way of joining plastic pipe is by cementing called ________. It takes only about 1/4 the time it takes to assemble bell and spigot joints.

Answer 85

Solvent Welding

Question 86

Engagement Length of a 6.00 meters pipe.

Answer 86

2 1/2” = 7.5cm

3” = 12cm

3 1/2” = 13cm

4 1/2” = 14cm

6 1/2” = 16cm

9” = 18cm

11 1/2” = 20.5cm

Question 87

Available Sizes in Plastic Pipes

Answer 87

2 1/2”

3

3 1/2”

4 1/2”

6 1/2”

9”

11 1/2”

Question 88

A shown in figure, a water supply line is to be installed using a 6.00 meters long plastic pipe with a diameter of 160mm. List down the materials required.

Answer 88

1. The face to face distance is 28.50 meters
2. The effective length of one 6.00 meters pipe is equal to the laying length minus the telescopic length.
3. 00m - .162m = 5.84m
4. Divide the face to face distance by the effective length of one pipe.
5. 50m/5.84 = 4.88 pipes
6. This simply means, we need 4 pipes at 6.00 meters long plus .88 of one 6.00 meters pipe.

.88 x 6.00m = 5.28 meters

5. Solve for the additional engagement length at the two ends.

16 x 2 = 32 centimeters or .32 meters

6. Add step 4 and 5: 5.28 + .32 = 5.60 meters
7. Therefore, the materials required are:

4 pcs 160mm x 6.00m plastic pipe single hub and 1 pc 160 mm pipe cut to 5.60 meters hubless pipe.

Question 89

Answer 89

Pipe Cutter

Question 90

Answer 90

Monkey Wrench

Question 91

Answer 91

Basin Wrench

Question 92

Answer 92

Strap Wrench

Question 93

Answer 93

Chain Wrench

Question 94

Answer 94

Stillson Wrench

Question 95

Answer 95

Pipe Wrench

Question 96

Answer 96

Yoke Vice

Question 97

Answer 97

Threader

Question 98

It is sometimes necessary to offset a run of pipe around a light fixture, a post or other obstruction. An offset can be made using 90 degrees or 45 degrees elbow. The _____ is better because there is less friction and therefore less pressure when this fittings are used.

Answer 98

45 degrees fittings

Question 99

Ratio of travel to Offset for 45 degree fittings

Answer 99

1.414

Question 100

Answer 100

Propane Torch

Question 101

Answer 101

Yarning and Calking Iron

Question 102

Answer 102

Blow Torch

Question 103

Answer 103

Melting pot and Ladle

Question 104

The daily average volume of human waste or excreta per capita is about _______ of ces and ________ of urine. When diluted with water at the rate of 30 to 100 gallons per day to form sewage, the solid cotent becomes a very small portion expressed in milligrams per liter.

Answer 104

80 grams of feces and 950 grams of urine

Question 105

Of the total sewage solids, about _____ is organic and are subject to rotting.

Answer 105

50%

Question 106

Types of Sewage Disposal System. (4)

Answer 106

1. The Cesspool
2. The Privy
3. The Septic Tank
4. The Public Sewer Line

Question 107

Is a hole in the ground curbed with stones, bricks, concrete hollow blocks, or other materials laid in such a manner as to allow raw contaminated sewage to leach into the soil. The organic wastes accumulate and finally disposed of by disintegration process.

Answer 107

The Cesspool

Question 108

The ______ is a concrete sealed vault with a wooden shelter constructed for the collection of raw sewage. The disintegration of excrement is accomplished in the same manner as in a cesspool. It is objectionable because of the danger of contaminating the source of water supply.

Answer 108

Privy

Question 109

The _______ is a device or receptacle used to expedite the decomposition of the elements contained in a raw sewage waste. Raw sewage consists of water, and settleable solid called organic maerials that can be precipitated in a septic tank in a very short time.

Answer 109

Septic Tank

Question 110

The _________ is a public sewage system, operated and maintained by the government consisting of a sewage treatment plant that conveys the raw sewage from buildings and houses to a disposal system.

Answer 110

Public Sewer Line

Question 111

The public sewer line is classified into three types according to the kind of waste it disposes: (3)

Answer 111

1. The Combination Public Sewer
2. The Sanitary Sewer
3. The Storm Drain

Question 112

Is the oldest type of public sewer that conveys both storm water and sanitary wastes. This type of public sewer is already obsolete and no longer allowed by sanitary authorities.

Answer 112

Combination Public Sewer

Question 113

Is a public sewer facility that carries regular sanitary wastes only. It terminates in a modern sewage dispersal plant. Rainwater is not permitted to enter into this type of public sewer.

Answer 113

Sanitary Sewer

Question 114

The Sanitary Sewer is classified into two types:

Answer 114

The Intercepting or Trunk Line Sewer; and The Tributary or Contributing Sewer

Question 115

Is a sanitary sewer that conveys sanitary waste to a dispersal plant. It is commonly made of concrete pipe that varies in sizes from 0.60 to 3.00 meters in diameter. The pipes are laid underground to a minimum depth of about 3 meters, depending upon the natural contour of the ground.

Answer 115

Intercepting Sewer

Question 116

Is classified as an intercepting sewer branch. The pipe is mae of either vitrified clay or concrete pipe laid in an open trench. It is generally smaller in diameter installed not more than 3 meters below the street grade and terminate into the intercepting sewer.

Answer 116

Tributary Sewer

Question 117

Is another kind of public sewer line that carries storm water. It terminates in a natural drain such as canals, lakes or rivers.

Answer 117

Storm Drain

Question 118

Is classified as a device of the main and storm sewer. It serves as man’s access for inspection, cleaning and repair. It is constructed out of bricks, stone, adbe or concrete at an interval distance from ____ to _____.

Answer 118

Manhole

Question 119

The manhole diameter varies from _______ to _______ centimeters provided with iron rungs to serve as ladder for the maintenance crew to reach the bottom. It is provided with a well-fitted cover on top, leveled with the road surface.

Answer 119

90 - 120 cm

Question 120

Length of one pipe for sanitary sewer

Answer 120

1 meter

Question 121

Percentage to consider to subtract with the total length of sanitary pipe due to total gap of pipe from each joint ranging from 3 - 5 centimenters.

Answer 121

3% - 4%

Question 122

Is a receptacle or vault used to collect organic waste discharged from the house sewer. The main function of this receptacle is to liquefy and precipitate solid waste purifying odorous materials.

Answer 122

Septic Tank

Question 123

The main function of septic tank is to:

Answer 123

Liquefy and precipitate solid waste odorous materials.

Question 124

Sewage that was discharged into the tank is retained. And during its retention period, about ____ to ____ of the suspended solid of the sewage is removed largely by sedimentation to form a semi-liquid substance called _____.

Answer 124

60 - 70%; Sludge

Question 125

Sewage that was discharged into the tank is retained. And during its retention period, about 60 - 70% of the suspended solid of the sewage is removed largely by sedimentation to form a semi-liquid substance called sludge. The sludge accumulates at the bottom of the septic tank. Parts of the solids are formed into floating scum. Both the scum and the sludge are processed by anaerobic bacteria and transforming them into liquid and gases.

Answer 125

Digestion

Question 126

The solid matter is reduced in sizes and consequently changed in character. The septic tank therefore, combines two processes; ______ in the upper portion of the tank and _____ of the accumulated sludge at the bottom.

Answer 126

Sedimentation; Anaerobic Decomposition

Question 127

Decomposition of organic matter from human waste is a bacteriological process caused by: (3)

Answer 127

Aerobic bacteria called aerobes; Anaerobic bacteria called anaerobes; Facultative Bacteria

Question 128

The life process of Aerobic bacteria is in the presence of ____.

Answer 128

Material Oxygen

Question 129

The Anaerobic Bacteria on the other hand, function in the absence of ____.

Answer 129

Free Oxygen

Question 130

Facultative Bacteria also functions with or without _____.

Answer 130

free oxygen

Question 131

The human waste or excreta are decomposed, until the organic matters are transformed into materials that could no longer be utilized by the bacteria in their life process. The process of decomposition is regarded as ____.

Answer 131

Stabilization

Question 132

Decomposition caused by anaerobic bateria which is sometimes referred to as _______, is accompanied by _______.

Answer 132

Putrefaction; Bad Odors

Question 133

________ decomposition is not accompanied by unpleasant odor.

Answer 133

Aerobic

Question 134

A sewage that turns dar and smell unpleasantly due to anaerobic deomposition is called _______.

Answer 134

Septic

Question 135

Minimum height from entry pipe to bottom of Digestive and Leaching Chamber

Answer 135

1.20m

Question 136

This type of gas is a combination of hydrogen and carbon, a principal component of natural gas.

Answer 136

Methane Gas (CH₄)

Question 137

This type of gas is a combination of carbon and oxygen. It is the simplest oxide of carbon.

Answer 137

Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

Question 138

This type of gas is a by-product of methane, classified as poisonous gas.

Answer 138

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Question 139

This type of gas evolves as a moist gas from organic waste.

Answer 139

Hydrogen (H₂)

Question 140

This type of gas is a colorless gas with offensive odor.

Answer 140

Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S)

Question 141

This type of gas is also a colorless gas having irritating odor.

Answer 141

Sulfur Dioxide (HO₂)

Question 142

There are different gases produced inside the septic tank ranging from organic to non-organic gases. These are: (6)

Answer 142

Methane Gas

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon Monoxide

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Sulfide

Sulfur Dioxide

Question 143

Septic Tank is constructed from either of the following materials:

Answer 143

1. Reinforced Concrete
2. Plastered Concrete Hollow Blocks
3. Prefabricated Asbestos
4. Thin Metal and Plastic

*The most popular and widely used material for construction of septic tank is plastered concrete hollow blockas or reinforced concrete. Others have not gained acceptance due to cost and durability.

Question 144

The minimum inside dimension of a septic tank is _____ centimeters wide by ______ centimeters long.

Answer 144

90cm; 150cm

Question 145

For effective decomposition of the organic materials inside the septic tank, a ______ depth of the liquid content is necessary.

Answer 145

1.20m

* It is not impractical though, to construct a tank of greater depth, provided, that the depth should nt be deeper than the natural ground water table.

Question 146

The invert is extended down the liquid of the tank not more than ______. This is to assure smooth delivery of the incoming sewage below the scum line.

Answer 146

30 cm

Question 147

____ refers to the lighter organic materials that rises to the surface of the water.

Answer 147

Scum

Question 148

The bottom of the digestion chamber should be _________. The purpose is to gather the settled organic materials into one mass to favor the propagation of the anaerobic bacteria.

Answer 148

sloped to one low point

Question 149

Septic tank for large plumbing installation are provided with suspended compartment attached to the ceiling slab. The ______ is extended down the bottom of the tank about _____ below the scum line. Each compartment of the tank separated by this plate is provided with manhole.

Answer 149

Baffle Plate; 40cm

Question 150

The septic tank, should be constructed near the surface of the ground, because the correction of the waste depends upon the extent of oxidation and the existence of anaerobic bacteria. Another kind of bacteria that split and digest the effluent is the ________. A kind of bacteria that surice only in the subsoil not more than ________ below the surface. Oxidation of the effluent deeper than this depth would become extremely difficult.

Answer 150

Aerobic bacteria; 150 centimeters

Question 151

For a family of 6 persons, the minimum tank capacity should be approximately _____ cubic meters with a minimum size of ____ wide by ____ long and ____ depth.

Answer 151

1.30 cubic meter; 90cm wide; 150cm long; 120cm depth

Question 152

Technical Data in determining Volume of Septic tank:

For residential buildings to serve larger number of people, allocate of liquid per person:

Answer 152

.14 to .17 cu.m.

Question 153

Technical Data in determining Volume of Septic tank:

For small residential house to serve up to 12 persons, the chamber should have a liquid content of not more than:

Answer 153

2.0 cu.m.

Question 154

Technical Data in determining Volume of Septic tank:

For school, commercial and industrial establishments, the volume of the septic tank should not be less than:

Answer 154

.057 cu.m nor more than .086 cu.m/ person

Question 155

Determine the size of a septic tank to serve 200 persons in a commercial establishment.

Answer 155

1. To determine the volume of a septic tank, refer to the technical data of information. For a commercial establishment we find the value of .057 cubic meters. Multiply:

200 persons x .057 = 11.4 cu.m.

2. Assume 1.20 meter width of the tank per 100 persons. For 200 individuals multiply:

200 x 1.2 = 2.40 meters width

3. The maximum depth of a septic tank liquid is 1.50m. Solve for the length of the septic tank.

LxWxD = Volume

L=11.40/ 2.40 x 1.50

L= 3.20 meters

4. The value of L is only for the length of the digestion chamber. Divide by 2 then add result to the value of L to include the leaching well.

L + L/2 = (3.20/2) + 3.20

= 4.80 meters

Question 156

A motel with toilet and bath, and kitchen facilities will serve a maximum of 100 persons. Determine the capacity and dimensions of the septic tank.

Answer 156

1. Refer to table 4-2. Under motel with bath, toilet and kitchen, the waste per person per day is 50 gallons. Multiplied by 100 persons is 5000 gallons a day.
2. Using the formula:

V= 1.125 + .075Q

Where: V = Liquid volume of the tank in gallons

Q = The daily sewage flow in gallons

1. 125 and .75 is constant value.
2. Substitute, V = 1.125 + (0.75 x 5,000 gallons)

V = 3,751 gallons

4. There are 264 gallons in one cubic meter volume.

Divide: 3,751/264 = 14.20 cubic meters capacity of the septic tank.

5. To find the dimensions of the septic tank if the maximum depths is 1.50m and the width is assumed to be 3.00 meters, divide:

L = 12.2 cu.m/ (3 x 1.5) = 3.50 meters

Question 157

Number of gallons per cubic meter:

Answer 157

264 gallons

Question 158

Formula in computing a septic tank.

Answer 158

V=1.125 + .75Q

Where V = Volume

Q = Gallons per day

1.125 and .75 as constant value

Question 159

Quantity of Sewage Flow for:

Small dwelling with seasonal occupancy/ Boarding Houses:

Answer 159

50 Gallons

Question 160

Quantity of Sewage Flow for:

Single Family Dwelling

Answer 160

75 Gallons

Question 161

Quantity of Sewage Flow for:

Motels with bath, toilet and kitchen wastes

Answer 161

50 Gallons

Question 162

Quantity of Sewage Flow for:

Hospitals

Answer 162

150 - 250 Gallons

Question 163

Quantity of Sewage Flow for:

Luxury Residences

Answer 163

100 - 150 Gallons

Question 164

Quantity of Sewage Flow for:

Airport (per passenger)

Answer 164

3 - 5 Gallons

Question 165

Location of the septic tank shall observe the following: (3)

Answer 165

1. Providing a minimum distance of 2.00 meters from the outside wall.
2. As much as possible, the septic tank should not be located closer to the doors or windows.
3. Septic tank should be at least 15 meters away from the septic tank.

Question 166

Requirements for a Satisfactory Disposal of Human Waste: (5)

Answer 166

1. There should be no contamination of ground surfaces that may enter into the spring or wells.
2. Surface of Soil and Water should not be contaminated.
3. Excreta should not be accessible to animals, flies, cockraches, vermin and the like.
4. There should be no oder or unsightly conditions
5. Simple and economic

Question 167

When repair work or cleaning is to be made, be sure that the septic tank is ______, by removing the man hole cover for few days in advance of the work. Another precaution is to supply fresh air inside the tankm while work is being done.

Answer 167

well ventilated

Question 168

________ is smaller in size that the soi pipe. Smaller because of the kind of waste it receives from the various plumbing fixtures. Among the suspended materials found in the water waste are: Grease, Line, Matches, Hair, Garbage, and many other objectionable substances.

Answer 168

Waste Pipe

Question 169

The drainage installation of a plumbing system comprises three major component parts:

Answer 169

The Drainage; The Waste; and The Vent or simply called DWV

Question 170

The ______ refers to an installation that receives and conveys discharges from water closet with or without waste coming from other fixtures.

Answer 170

Drainage Pipe

Question 171

The ________ is any pipe in a drainage installation that receives the discharges of any fixture except water closet and conveys the same to the soil branch, soil pipe or house drain.

Answer 171

Waste Pipe

Question 172

Refers to a slop sink, lavatory, urinals, bathtub and the like except water closet.

Answer 172

Fixture

Question 173

The _______ in a plumbing system functions as air passage or conduit to ventilate the drainage and waste pipe installation.

Answer 173

Vent Pipe

Question 174

When a waste pipe is not directly connected to a soil stack or house, it is called

Answer 174

Special Waste

Question 175

General Conditions for a Good Waste Pipe Installation: (7)

Answer 175

1. By making the right choice of Materials
2. By Conservative use of Fittings
3. Right location of the Cleanouts
4. Right slope or grade of the pipelines.
5. Using the right size of pipe
6. Correct manner of joining pipes
7. Providing stable and rigid support

Question 176

This is one consideration of the General Condition for a good waste pipe installation; “For instance any waste pipe line that conveys large amount of acid must specify acid resistant material. Example of which are fixtures serving chemical laboratories plating, engraving establishments and others that uses acid of various kinds. Refused that are coming from domestic and commercial kitchen, contains acid of different kinds but considerably in small negligible quantity and therefore does not require the use of an acid resistant pipe.

Answer 176

The Right Choice of Material

Question 177

Pipe installations that fails or break too soon, may have been due to any of the following causes:

Answer 177

1. The use of too many fittings
2. The use of wrong type of fittings

Question 178

Use _____ fittings on horizontal pipe changes.

Answer 178

Long Sweep

Question 179

For vertical to horizontal direction of changes, the ______ and ____ fittings are most appropriate.

Answer 179

Wye and 45 degrees

Question 180

The Tee fittings was designed for vertical run with lateral branches only. Its use on horizontal installation will create a tilted or crooked joint connection called _______.

Answer 180

Premature Waste Line Defects

Question 181

Cleanout is a receptacle of the plumbing system accessible on floor, walls, or ceiling. It is equipped with _____ or ______ so designed as not to impair the aesthetical view of the room.

Answer 181

Plug or FLush Plate

Question 182

The ideal position of horizontal waste pipe, were thos installed at 2% slope. Meaning, the pipe was installed with an inclined ratio of _______. For instance, a 3.00 meters pipe installed as a waste line will have an inclination of _______.

Answer 182

2 centimeter per 1 meter; 3 x 2 = 6cm

Question 183

The latest scientific tests and experiments conducted by the National Bureau of Standards sponsored by the Housing and Home Finance Agency, showed that, wet venting and stack venting are safe in certain type of installations. The experiments revealed that the ___________ occurs when the grade or slope of the pipe is increased from 2% to 4%.

Answer 183

Trap Seal Loss

Question 184

Means the loss or escape of standing water inside the P-Trap. This is usually caused by siphonage induced by rapid flow of waste inside the pipe. It is also referred to as ________.

Answer 184

Trap Seal Loss or Water Seal Escape

Question 185

Means to flush or wash out, to remove dirt or grease by flowing through.

Answer 185

Scouring

Question 186

By increasing the size of the drainage pipe, does not guarantee effective scouring action, or self cleaning ability of the pipe. The Self-Cleaning ability is present, when ___________.

Answer 186

when the liquid and waste inside the pipe flow smoothly and simultaneuosly together.

Question 187

Drainage pipe must be of the right size to have a liquid flow of about ____ of the pipe diameter to attain the scouring action. This is where the 2% slope becomes effective.

Answer 187

50%

Question 188

The National Plumbing Code Committee strongly indorsed the use of __________ as waste load in determining the size of the waste pipe.

Answer 188

Fixture Unit Value

Question 189

Fixture Unit for Bathtub

Answer 189

2

Question 190

Fixture unit for Floor Drain

Answer 190

1

Question 191

Fixture unit for Kitchen Sink

Answer 191

2

Question 192

Fixture unit for Residential Sink

Answer 192

1.5

Question 193

Fixture unit for Lavatory or Wash Basin

Answer 193

1

Question 194

Fixture unit for Laundry Tub

Answer 194

2

Question 195

How many liters are there in 1 gallon.

Answer 195

3.785 Liters

Question 196

Fixture unit for a Shower Bath

Answer 196

2

Question 197

Fixture unit for Slop Sink

Answer 197

3

Question 198

Fixture unit for Sink, Hotel, or Public

Answer 198

2

Question 199

Fixture unit for a Urinal

Answer 199

5

Question 200

Fixture unit for a Water Closet

Answer 200

6

Question 201

Fixture unit for a combination Fixture

Answer 201

3

Question 202

Fixture unit for a One bathroom group consisting of water closet, lavatory, bathtub and overhead shower; or water closet, lavatory and shower compartment.

Question 203

Fixture unit for every 15 square foot roof drain

Answer 203

1

Question 204

Based on the findings of Uniform Plumbing Code Commitee, the committe finally decided to establish the “Unit Fixture” and called the water discharge as One Fixture Unit representing ________ or ______ of water discharged by the fixture in one minute interval.

Answer 204

one cubic foot or 30 liters

Question 205

Determine the size of horizontal waste pipe tomseve 5 urinals, 3 lavatories, 8 ahowers, and 2 slop sinks

Answer 205

1. 5 urinals x 5 = 25 units

3 lavatories x 1 unit = 3 nits

8 showers x 2 units = 16 units

2 slop sinks x3 units = 6 units

total of 50 units

2. Under the column of One Horizontal Branch, 50 units could be well serve by a 100 mm or 4 inches pipe

Question 206

To compute the size of each fixture drain is not necessary because _________.

Answer 206

The manufacturer has already probided each fixture with the right size of drain.

Question 207

Waste oipe is classified into two types dependingupon the kind of fixtures it will serve.

Answer 207

1. Direct waste
2. Indirect waste

Question 208

Is one with terminal directly connected to the plumbing system.

Answer 208

Direct waste

Question 209

What is this type of urinal?

Answer 209

Pedestal Urinal

Question 210

What is this type of urinal?

Answer 210

Stall Urinal

Question 211

What is this type of urinal?

Answer 211

Through Urinal

Question 212

What is this type of bathtub?

Answer 212

Hip or Sitz bathtub

Question 213

Refers to a connection with terminal not directly connected to the pumbing system.

Answer 213

Indirect waste

Question 214

Three types of Urinal

Answer 214

Pedestal, Stall, Through

Question 215

3 types of bathtub

Answer 215

Sitz, foot, and bidet

Question 216

3 types of lavatories served by direct waste

Answer 216

Wall hung, pedestal, and two pieces

Question 217

Three types of sink served by direct waste

Answer 217

Kitchen, pantry, slop

Question 218

2 types of showers served by direct waste

Answer 218

Single stall and gang shower

Question 219

What type of whoer is in the image

Question 220

Different types of fixtures served by a Direct Waste: (9)

Answer 220

1. Urinals
2. Bathtub
3. La

Question 221

Fixtures served by Indirect Waste: (4)

Answer 221

1. Soda fountain
2. bar waste
3. Refrigeration
4. Drinking fountain

Question 222

The National Plumbing Code on Soil Pipes provides:

1. That, at least one of the vertical stacks in plumbing system must extend full size through the roof for the following purposes: (3)

Answer 222

To ventilate and dispose off the sewar gas above the roof

To prevent siphoning of the water trap seal by force of suction.

To prevent the possibility of back pressure which may force the water seal off the fixture.

Question 223

Any structure with a house drain installed, must have at least one soil stack or stack vent, extended full size above the roof not less than _____ and not be less than _____ diameter or the size of the drain whichever is smaller.

Answer 223

30 cm, 75mm

Question 224

As a general rule, vent stack must be extended and terminate through the roof of the building. When the roof is to be used other than protectio. From the elements of weather, the vent should be extended no less than _____ above th roof.

Answer 224

2 meters

Question 225

Size of Horizontal Fixture Branch (One Horizontal Branch)

Answer 225

1 1/4” - 1 unit

1 1/2” = 3 units

2” = 6 units

2 1/2” = 12 units

3” = 20 units

4” = 160 units

5” = 360 units

6” = 620 units

8” = 1400 units

10” = 2500 units

12” = 3800 units

Question 226

Is the unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacle.

Answer 226

Air Gap

Question 227

Is the flow of water, or other liquid mixture or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any source, other than its intended source.

Answer 227

Backflow

Question 228

Refers to the backflow of used contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such a pipe.

Answer 228

Back Siphonage

Question 229

Refers to any group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharges into a common horizontal waste pipe or soil branch.

Answer 229

Battery of Fixture

Question 230

Is synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, plug, etc. the word faucet is preferred.

Answer 230

Bib

Question 231

A flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the passage of water.

Answer 231

Blind Flange

Question 232

A controlled outlet on a pipeline used to discharge water.

Answer 232

Blow Off

Question 233

Is any part of piping system other than the main riser or stack

Answer 233

Branch

Question 234

Is the length of a soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a storey height, but in no case less than 2.40 meters within which the horizontal branches from one floor or storey of a building are connected to the stack.

Answer 234

Branch Interval

Question 235

Is a vent connecting one or more individual vent with a vent stack or stack vent.

Answer 235

Branch Vent

Question 236

Is plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials, that are pounded into the place or opening.

Answer 236

Calking

Question 237

Is a branch vent that serves two or more traps, and extends from the front of the last fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent stack.

Answer 237

Circuit vent

Question 238

Is a vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which the vent connects.

Answer 238

Continous Vent

Question 239

Is a fixture combining one sink and tray or a two or three compartment sink or tray in one vent.

Answer 239

Combination Fixtures

Question 240

Is a specially designed system of waste piping embodying the horizontal wet of one or more sinks or floor drainks by means of a common waste and vent pipe adequately sized to provide free movement of air abouve the flow line of the drain.

Answer 240

Combination Waste and Vent System

Question 241

Is a drain from two or three fixture connected to a single trap. It is also called a dual vent.

Answer 241

Common Vent

Question 242

Is any physical connection between two otherwise separate piping system, one contains potable water, and the other from unknown or questionable safety, whereby, water may flow from one system to the other direction of flow depending on the pressure differential between the two systems.

Answer 242

Cross Connection

Question 243

Is the extended portion of a pipe that is closed at one end permitting the stagnation of water or air therein.

Answer 243

Dead End

Question 244

The length along the center of the pipe and fitting.

Answer 244

Developed Length

Question 245

Diameter of a pipe or tube refers to the nominal internal diameter (ID) of such pipe, except ____ and ____ tube wehere the term refers to the outside diameter (OD) of the pipe.

Answer 245

Brass and Copper

Question 246

_____ includes, all piping within the public or private premises that conveys sewage, rainwater, or other liquid waste, to a legal point of disposal. It does not include the mains of public sewer system private or public sewerage treatment or disposal plant.

Answer 246

Drainage System

Question 247

A vent that does not carry water or water borne wastes

Answer 247

Dry Vent

Question 248

Is the minimum cross sectional aea at the point of water supply discharge, measured or expressed in terms of diameter of a circle. If the opening is not a circle, the diameter of a circle that is equivalent to the cross sectional area. (This is applicable to air gap)

Answer 248

Effective Opening

Question 249

Shall apply to that portion of a plumbing system that has been installed and approved prior to the contemplated addition, alteration or correction.

Answer 249

Existing Work

Question 250

Is a pipe connecting several fixtures.

Answer 250

Fixture Branch

Question 251

Is the drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of that drain with any other drain pipe.

Answer 251

Fixture Drain

Question 252

Is a water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch.

Question 253

is a quantity in terms of which the load producing effects on the plumbing system of different kinds of plumbing fixtures are expressed on some arbitrary chosen scale.

Answer 253

Fixture Units

Question 254

Is the total discharge flow in gallons per minute of a simple fixture divided by 7.5 gallons that provides the flow rate of that particular plumbing fixture as a unit of flow. Fixture are rated as multiple of this unit of flow.

Answer 254

Fixture Unit Flow Rate

Question 255

Is a device located inside the tank for the purpose of maintaining water level for effective flushing of the water closet.

Answer 255

Flood Level

Question 256

A metallic Sleeve called or otherwise joined to an opening in pipe into which a plug is screwed that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe.

Answer 256

Ferrule

Question 257

Is a device located at the bottom of the tank for flushing water closets and similar fixtures.

Answer 257

Flush Valve

Question 258

Is a device which discharges a predetermined quantity of water to the fixture for flushing purposes activated by direct water pressure.

Answer 258

Flushometer Valve

Question 259

Is the slope or fall of pipe in reference to a fraction of an inch per foot length of pipe.

Answer 259

Grade

Question 260

A branch vent that performs its function for two or more traps.

Answer 260

Group Vent

Question 261

Means any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of more than 45 degrees with the vertical.

Answer 261

Horizontal Pipe

Question 262

Is the lowest portion of the inside of any pipe or conduit that is not vertical.

Answer 262

Invert

Question 263

Is the discharge from any fixture, appliance of appurtenance in connection with a plumbing system which does not receive fecal matter.

Answer 263

Liquid waste

Question 264

Is a pipe on the fixture side of the trap through which vapor or foul air is removed from a room or fixture.

Answer 264

Local Vent Pipe

Question 265

In plumbing, it is a secondary pipe. In sewage, a common sewer to which no other common sewer is tributary. It receives sewage only from building sewer.

Answer 265

Lateral

Question 266

The main of any system of continous piping is the principal artery of the system to which branches may be connected.

Question 267

Is a sewer line or system directly controlled by public authority.

Answer 267

Main Sewer

Question 268

Is the principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches may be connected.

Answer 268

Main vent

Question 269

Are intalled receptacles, devices, or appliances which are supplied with water, or which receives or discharges liquid or liquid borne waste with or without discharge into drainage system which maybe directly or indirectly connected.

Answer 269

Plumbing Fixtures

Question 270

This system includes the water supply distribution pipes; plumbing fixtures and traps; soil, aste and vent pipes; house drain and house sewers including their respective connections, devices and appurtenances within the property lines of premises and water treating or water using equipment.

Answer 270

Plumbing System

Question 271

A ___ vent’s primary function is to provide circulation of air between drainage and vent systems.

Answer 271

Relief Vent

Question 272

A ____ pipe (sometimes called individual vent) is that part of the vent pipeeline which connects directly with an individual waste or group of wastes underneath or back of the fixture and extend either to the main or branch vent pipe.

Answer 272

Re-vent

Question 273

Is a water supply pipe which extend vertically one full storey or more to convey water to branches or fixtures.

Answer 273

Riser

Question 274

Is the installation of all parts of the plumbing system which can be completed prior to the installation of fixtures. This include drainage, water supply, vent piping and the necessary fixture supports.

Answer 274

Rough - In

Question 275

An open return bend usually with inside threads, but applied also to 180 degrees bend in pipe.

Answer 275

Return Bend

Question 276

Is a common sewer directly controlled by public authorities where all abutters have equal rights of connection.

Answer 276

Public Sewer

Question 277

The sewage containing human excrement and liquid household waste. It is also called domestic sewage.

Answer 277

Sanitary Sewage

Question 278

A sewer intended to receive sanitary sewage with or without industrial wastes and without the admixture of surface water, storm water or drainage.

Answer 278

Sanitary Sewer

Question 279

Any branch in a building drain other than the primary branch.

Answer 279

Secondary Branch

Question 280

Is a comprehensive term including all construction or collection, transportation, pumping, treatment and final disposition of sewage.

Answer 280

Sewerage of Sewage Work

Question 281

Is a Y connection used on fire lines so that two lines of hose maybe connected to a hydrant or to the same nozzle.

Answer 281

Siamese Connection

Question 282

A vertical pipe usually used for the storage of water, frequently under pressure.

Answer 282

Standpipe

Question 283

Is a vent connecting to the drain pipe through a fitting at an angle not greater that 45 degreees or to the vertical.

Answer 283

Side Vent

Question 284

Is any pipe that conveys the discharge of water closets or fixture having similar function, with or without the discharge from other fixtures, to the building drains (house drains) or building sewer (House sewer).

Answer 284

Soil Pipe

Question 285

Is the vertical main of a system of soil, waste, or vent pipe.

Answer 285

Stack

Question 286

Is a term applied to the location of fixtures in relation to the stack so that by means of proper fittings, vent may be reduced to a minimum.

Answer 286

Stack Group

Question 287

____ is the extension of a soil or waste above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack, it is sometimes called waste vent or soil vent.

Answer 287

Stack Vent

Question 288

Is a method of venting a fixture or fxtures through the soil or waste stack.

Answer 288

Stack Venting

Question 289

Are underground drain pipes that receive sub-surface or seepage water only and convey it to a place of disposal.

Answer 289

Subsoil Drain

Question 290

A pit or receptacle at a low point to which the liquid waste are drained.

Answer 290

Sump

Question 291

Is a fitting or device so designed as to provide when properly vented a liquid seal that will prevent the back passage of air without materially affecting the flow of sewage through it.

Answer 291

Trap

Question 292

Is the maximum vertical depth of liquid that trap will retain, measured between the crown weir and top of the dip of the trap.

Answer 292

Trap Seal

Question 293

Is avertical pipe installed primaritly for the purpose of providing circulation of air to different parts of the drainage system.

Answer 293

Vent Stack

Question 294

Is a pipe or pipes installed to provide a flow or circulation of air within the plumbing system to protect trap seals siphoning and back pressure,

Answer 294

Vent System

Question 295

Is a pipe installed in a vertical position or at an angle of not more than 45 degrees with the vertical.

Answer 295

Vertical Pipe

Question 296

Is a pipe that conveys liquid waste from fixture that is free of fecal matter.

Answer 296

Waste Pipe

Question 297

Is a pipe that conveys water from the water service pipe to the plumbing fixtures and other water outlets.

Answer 297

Water Distributing Pipe

Question 298

Is the pipe from the water main or other source of water supply to the building served.

Answer 298

Water Service Pipe

Question 299

The water supply of a building or premises consists of the water service pipe, the water distributing pipes, and the necessary connecting pipes, fitting, control valves, and all appurtenance in or adjancent to the building or premises.

Answer 299

Water Supply System

Question 300

Is a vent that receives the discharge from wastes other than water closet.

Answer 300

Wet Vent

Question 301

The minimum size of waste pipe for sink is ____ but because of the materials suspended in it, the practice is to use ____.

Answer 301

1 1/2”; 2”

Question 302

Slop Sink is tapped either on floor or walls. Traps on the floor shall be ___ or ___ and ___ for traps installed on walls with a cleanout plug.

Answer 302

75mm; 100mm; 50mm

Question 303

Recommended size of waste pipe for Scullary Sink

Answer 303

50mm

Question 304

Recommended size of waste pipe for Pantry Sink

Answer 304

38mm

Question 305

Recommended size of waste pipe for Factory Wash Up Sink

Answer 305

50mm

Question 306

Recommended size of waste pipe for Lavatories

Answer 306

50mm

Question 307

Recommended size of waste pipe for Shower Bath

Answer 307

50mm

Question 308

Recommended size of waste pipe for Urinal

Answer 308

50mm

Question 309

Recommended size of waste pipe for Urinal

Answer 309

50mm

Question 310

Recommended size of waste pipe for Laundry Tub

Answer 310

38mm - 50mm

Question 311

Recommended size of waste pipe for Bathtub

Answer 311

38mm - 50mm

Question 312

Recommended size of waste pipe for Drinking Fountain

Answer 312

32mm

Question 313

Recommended size of waste pipe for Lavatory Wastes

Answer 313

50mm

Question 314

Recommended size of waste pipe for Hospital Fixtures

Answer 314

50mm

Question 315

Soil pipe isntalled vertically is called:

Answer 315

Soil Stack

Question 316

Soil pipe installed horizontally is called:

Answer 316

Soil Branch

Question 317

Soil pipe must be installed before:

Answer 317

Partition

Question 318

The soil branch that will directly receive waste from water closet shall be ____ and ____ as practicable.

Answer 318

Short and Direct

Question 319

Soil pipes not embedded in concrete wall, columns or partitions shall be anchored rigidly by means of ____.

Answer 319

Metal Hangers

Question 320

Changes from vertical to horizontal directions shall be done by using these fittings.

Answer 320

Combination of 1/8 bend and Wye Fitting

Two 1/8 Bend

Long Sweep 1/4 Bend

1/4 Bend (Rarely and must be avoided)

Question 321

Determine the soil pipe (branch) diameter to serve 8 water closets, 3 shower baths, 4 urinals, 2 slop sinks, and 3 wash basin.

Answer 321

100mm Soil Pipe

*if total units is < 20 units use 75mm dia. but if total units is >20 units but <160 units use 100mm dia.

Question 322

At total fixture units on stack:

If total units is <60 units use ______; if total units is >60 but < 500 units use ____.

Answer 322

75mm dia.; 100mm dia.

Question 323

No water closet shall discharge into a drain less than _____ pipe.

Answer 323

75mm dia. or 3”

Question 324

Find the size of a soil stack to serve 2 units of water closet, 2 showers and 1 residential sink, 2 lavatories:

Answer 324

if total units is < 60 units use 75mm dia.; if total units >60mm and <500mm use 100mm dia.,

Therefore the answer is 50mm dia. but the soil pipe diameter minimum according to the code is 75mm dia. Use 75mm dia. meter.

Question 325

Label/Illustrate Maximum number of fixture units that may be connected to: One Horizontal Branch (from 1 1/4” to 4” diameter pipe)

Answer 325

1 unit = 1 1/4”

3 units = 1 1/2”

6 units = 2”

12 units = 2 1/2”

20 units = 3”

160 units = 4”

Question 326

Determine the size of a horizontal branch waste pipe for one lavatory, one residential sink and one slop sink.

Answer 326

Total fixture units is equal to 5.5 fixuture units. Therefore use 50mm diameter soil branch.

Question 327

The experiment conducted by “UPCC” which means _____________ showed that a 100mm diameter soil pipe could effectively serve up to _______ fixture units.

Answer 327

Uniform Plumbing Code Comittee; 840 unitts (under experiment but the plumbing code state otherwise)

Question 328

General conditions in installing soil branch:

Answer 328

1. Efficient/Sufficient Cleanout
2. Provide Cleanout whenever there is direction changes.
3. Cleanout should be same diameter with soil branch.
4. Avoid short radius pipe.
5. You may use short radium for horizontal to vertical fittings.

Question 329

What diameter of a soil branch is appropriate to serve a battery of 3 water closets?

Answer 329

Total fixture units is 18, since it is less than 20mm you may use 75mm diameter, but the code says that there should be no 2 or more water closet shall discharge into 75mm or 3” diameter pipe.

Therefore use 100mm diameter pipe

Question 330

“Not mroe than __ water closet sall discharge into any _____ diameter horizontal soil branch; house sewer or house drain.

Answer 330

2 water closets; 3” diameter

Question 331

Solutions to noise and condensation for soil pipe.

Answer 331

1. Soil pipe should not be in contact with plastered wall or ceiling.

Waste and soil pipe that are not embedded in concrete must be insulated (e.g Hair felt or mineral wall materials)

Condensation may overcome by use of anti-sweat materials

Question 332

____ connections in any drainage installation should not be permitted. This portion of the plumbing system will only accumulate waste and sludge.

Answer 332

Dead End Connection

Question 333

The National Plumbing Code on fittings and connectios of soil pipe provides that:

Prohibited Fittings:

Answer 333

Double Hub; Double Wye; Double Tee; on any branch of plumbing system.

Question 334

______ is that portion of the plumbing system that receives discharges of all soil and waste stacks within the building and conveys the same to the house sewer.

Answer 334

House Drain

Question 335

House drain is sometimes referred to as the __________.

Answer 335

Collection Line of a Plumbing System

Question 336

House Drain can be classified into 4 types:

Answer 336

Combined Drain

Sanitary Drain

Storm Drain

Industrial Drain

Question 337

______ is a type of house drain that receives discharges of sanitary waste as well as storm water. This is the oldest form of house drain when public sewers are of the combination design. This type of house drain however, is already phase out and no longer permitted.

Answer 337

Combined Drain

Question 338

This type of house drain receives the discharges of sanitary and domestic waste only. The waste is conveyed to a public sewer, or septic tank, by the house sewer. Storm water is not allowed in the sanitary drain.

Answer 338

Sanitary Drain

Question 339

__________ is a house drain that receives discharges from industrial equipment that contain some objectionable acid wastes. Industrial drain that contains acid wastes terminates into a separate drainage basin.

Answer 339

Industrial Drain

Question 340

______ conveys all storm clear water or surface water waste except sanitary wastes. This type of drain terminates into lakes, rivers, dry run or natural basin.

Answer 340

Storm Drain

Question 341

One fixture unit represents _____ liters of water per minute interval.

Answer 341

30 liters of water

Question 342

Size of sanitary drain for a 2% slope pipe for 75mm and 100mm diameter pipe.

Answer 342

<18 use 75mm diameter; >18 but <84 use 100mm diameter

Question 343

Before finding the size for house drain, its service must be known:

a. If the purpose is for sanitary waste, the _______ will be the basis of computation.
b. If the purpose is for storm drain, _____ will be the basis of computation.

Answer 343

Fixture unit load; Roof area with major rainfall

Question 344

On House Drain, the Plumbing Code Provides that:

Answer 344

1. No water closet shall discharge less than 75mm diameter pipe.
2. No more than two water closet shall discharge into any 75mm diameter soil branch, house drain or, house sewer.

Question 345

Determine the size of a sanitary House Drain to serve 6 water closets, 5 urinals, 5 shower bath, 6 wash basins, 4 floor drains and 3 combined fixture.

Answer 345

Total units is 90 Fixture Units. Therefore, @ 2% slope use 5”, @3% slope use 4”, @ 4% slope use 4” diameter.

Question 346

Formula to get the grade or slope of a pipe.

Answer 346

% = rise/run

Question 347

Provision for location of cleanout.

Answer 347

Adequate Cleanout

Accessible cleanout

When it terminates to fixtures or floor drains, use Y fittins nad extend the cleanout about 2: above the floor. Use 100mm diameter.

Use threaded screw

Dont use as floor drain

Trap of floor drain should not be place lower than 50cm below finish floor line.

Question 348

For house drain, a cleanout shall be installed at every _______ interval distance and also at the ______.

Answer 348

20 meters; at the base of soil and waste stack.

Question 349

House drain appliances includes:

Answer 349

Garage Catch Basin

House trap

Yard Catch Basin

Area Drain

Floor Drain

Question 350

_______ is defined as a device installed in the house drain immediately inside the foundation wall of the building. It serves as a barrier and prevents the gases coming from the public sewer or septic tank in circulating through the plumbing system.

Answer 350

House Trap

Question 351

__________ is a device used in a drainage system to prevent the reversal of flow. It is intalled in a house drain or branches of the house drain that are subjected to reversal flow of liquid. This is installed on the house drain, just near the foundation wall or near the toilet room under floor. It is set in a level position to obtain its full effectiveness.

Answer 351

Back Flow Valve

Question 352

Backflow valves are constructed into two classified patterns:

Answer 352

1. Balanced Valve
2. Unbalanced Valve

Question 353

________ is the most preferred type of backflow valve, because it has the characteristics of non-interference in the movement of air inside the drainage system. The interior mechanism consists of brass-seat into which fitted a gate counter balanced with an adjustable cast iron weight.

Answer 353

Balanced Valve

Question 354

_____ consists of a running trap installed under the basement floor to protect it from freezing. The trap installed is equipped with a cleanout. The minimum size of this is 100mm or 4: pipe to drain basement entryways, loading platforms or driveways.

Answer 354

Area Drain

Question 355

A _____ is defined as a receptacle used to receive water to be drained from the floor into the plumbing system. Sanitary authorities recognized this drain as plumbing fixture properly designed and located where to receive liquid floor wastes.

Answer 355

Floor Drain

Question 356

Every floor drain shall be supplied with running water fixture located nearby. If the fixture is less than __ meters from the drain, it should be tapped but not necessarily vented.

Answer 356

1.50meters

Question 357

Cause of probles and troubles in floor drains

Answer 357

Sand and Dirt when cleaning the floor

Question 358

Trouble in the plumbing installation is very certain to happen and therefore, must be anticipated. The plumbing layout as ______ must be kept for future references in case of trouble. Without this, hit and miss repair would be very difficult and costly.

Answer 358

Built-in Plan

Question 359

Experienced plumber will not install P-trap smaller than 3” on floor drain because:

Answer 359

2” diameter is too small for a human hand tools or tools to clean.

Question 360

Floor drain is usually installed on: (4)

Answer 360

Basement Floor

Near Heating Equipment

Below Kitchen Sink

Vicinity of Laundry

Question 361

The 3” diameter pipe P trap is recommended inimum size of floor drain. It should be installed not more than 30cm below the floor line.

Answer 361

30cm

Question 362

___________ is defined as a receptacle used to catch surface water drained from cemented courts, driveways and yards. It could be a terminal for drain tile installations used to drain water from athletic fields.

Answer 362

Yard Catch Basin

Question 363

_____ is a device designed to convey waste from garage, wash rack, grease pits, and repair floors into the house drain. Waste comiong from these areas contain objectionable elements like grease, oil, grit and gasoline that are detrimental to the drainage installations as well as the sewage disposal system. These sediments cause stoppage and affect the operation of the sewage disposal plant.

Answer 363

Garage Catch Basin

Question 364

Most stoppage in the plumbing system were found to be caused by grease and oil contained in the waste discharges. This is more prevalent in large kitchens serving hotels, dining rooms, clubhouse and restaurrants. To overcome this problem, a device known as a _____ is installed on the waste line.

Answer 364

Grease Trap

Question 365

The basin width of a Grease Trap should not be less than _____. The length should be from __ to ___ times its width to attain a smooth and non- agitated flow.

Answer 365

60cm; 3 to 4 times

Question 366

The minimum depth of concrete grease trap should not be less than ___ below the outlet invert.

Answer 366

1.20m

Question 367

Catch Basin Detail

Answer 367

See page 62 Plumbing Design Handbook by Ar Rommel Aldaba

Question 368

_______ is defined as that portion of the horizontal drainage system, which starts from the outer face of the building and terminate at the main sewer in the street or septic tank.

Answer 368

House Sewer/Building Sewer

Question 369

Other code defined house sewer as that portion of the horizontal drainage system which starts ________ cm from the outer face of the building.

Answer 369

90cm

Question 370

The __________ is financed and maintained by the government. Those houses along the street with main sewer line are required to connect their house sewers to the public sewer line.

Answer 370

Main Sewer Line

Question 371

General Conditions for installing sewer pipes/house sewer.

Answer 371

Secure permits

Determine depth between main sewer and house sewer

Add the required 30cm ground coverings from top of concrete; 40cm of ground covering without concrete floor.

Remove manhole and measure the depth of sewer using meter stick.

The grade of house sewer could be found through the difference between the House Sewer and the depth of the Main Sewer. A leveling instrument will give a satisfactory result.

Additional grade can be made with the use of 1/8 bend considered as the most practical practical method of establishing grade.

Question 372

The old practice for sizing the House Sewer pipe is to use ___ diameter for cement or vitrified pipe. If plastic pipe, or similar interior surface, it can be reduce to ____ diameter pipe.

Answer 372

150mm; 100mm

Question 373

How to find the slope of hhouse sewer or any pipe slope?

Answer 373

Height of rise = Run x %

Question 374

_____ is that unit of the plumbing system that conveys rain or storm water to a suitable terminal (eg. canal to rivers, lakes)

Answer 374

Storm Drain

Question 375

Water coming from the roof if not properly diverted might create problems like:

Answer 375

Settlement of Structure

Leakage specially at basement.

Disconfigured Landscape

Question 376

Storm drain is classified into three types:

Answer 376

Inside Storm Drain

Outside Storm Drain

Overhead Storm Drain

Question 377

_____ is a collector of water coming down from the downspout leading the accumulated water away from the house at a relatively low rate of flow.

Answer 377

Splash Pan

Question 378

The _____ is sometimes located under the basement floor or within the walls of the building. This type of storm drain is conveniently found in buildings constructed along congested business district or buildings that occupieds the entire frontage of the lot.

Answer 378

Inside Storm Drain

Question 379

The ____ is installed outside the foundation wall of the building. This type of drainage is possible on location where the lot is not totally occupied by the building.

Answer 379

Outside Storm Drain

Question 380

The ________ is adopted when the street drainage is higher in elevation than the basement floor of the building. The purpose is to avail the gravity flow of water and installed suspended in ceiling with hangers.

Answer 380

Overhead Storm Drain

Question 381

Size of storm drain for 2% slope from 114 sq.m - 700 sq.m.

Answer 381

<114 m² use 75mm;

>114 m2 but <242 m² use 100mm;

>242m² but < 438m² use 125mm;

>438m² but <700m² use 150mm

Question 382

What size of storm drain is adequate to serve a roof having a slope of 2% with a general dimensions of 20 x 30 meters?

Answer 382

since 600 sq m is greater that 438 but less than 700, answer is 150mm diameter but since single leader is not that efficient, divide the area by two. 600 sq m / 2 = 300 sq.m

The appropriate answer is 125mm, since 300 sqm is greater than 242 sqm but less than 438 sqm

Question 383

The storm drain is installed providing a slope of not more than ________ per meter run. A combination of Y and 1/8 bend or a long radius fitting is appropriate for any change of direction.

Answer 383

2% slope per meter

Question 384

_____________ is popularly known as water conductor or downspout either concealed or exposed type. It connects the roof terminal to the storm drain.

Answer 384

Roof Leader

Question 385

The standard practice is to provide ___ terminals for roof leaders to avoid clogging and overflow.

Answer 385

Two or more

Question 386

How large is the downspout required to drain the roof with general dimension of: Roof A = 20m x 8m; Roof B = 10m x 20m

Answer 386

Roof A = 160 sqm /2 = 80sqm therefore use two 75mm diameter (since 80sq meter falls within 26sq m - 175sq m)

Roof B = 200 sq m/ 2 = 100 sq. m therefore use two 75mm diameter (since 100 sqm falls within 26 - 175 sqm)

Question 387

Enumerate Table 9 -2, Size of Roof Gutter and Roof Leader

Answer 387

1 - 10 sqm = 75mm gutter top = 38mm roof leader

11 - 25 sqm = 100mm gutter top = 50mm roof leader

26 - 165 sqm = 100mm gutter top = 75mm roof leader

166 - 335 sqm = 150 gutter top = 100mm roof leader

Question 388

Determine the quantity of oakum and lead in kilograms required for a drainage installation with the following joints:

8 joints of 50mm pipe

14 joints of 100 mm pipe having 20mm lead packing

Answer 388

Order: 2.50 kg of Oakun

18kg peg lead

Question 389

After cutting the galvanized Steel pipe, the burrs are removed from the inside edge of the pipe with _______ or _____.

Answer 389

Question 390

After cutting, the burrs are removed fro mthe inside edge of the pipe with files or reamers. Threading of steel pipe entail a very tedious process. hence, it is important for one to know before hand the basic rules governing the threading operations enumerated as follows:

Answer 390

Never hold threaded parts with wrench. It will surely damage the thread.

Put two nuts on them, lock tightly, and continue the threading operations.

During the process of threading, apply motor oil reglarly to protect both the threader and the thread of the pipe.

To ensure tight and rigid connections, the threads should be slightly tapered so that the turning of the fitting will be harder the deeper you screwed.

Provide the threaded portion of the pipe with a Teflon tape in a clockwise direction before turning the fitting joint to obtain a water-sealed connection.

The use of ready made nipples ranging from 2 inches to 12 inches long was proven economical than fabricating them on site. The amount of cutting and treading as well as the time of installing is reduced substantially.

Question 391

Working with plastic pipes:

Measure the face to face distance of the fittings to be connected. Add the ______________ before cutting the pipe.

Answer 391

Engagement Length

Question 392

Working with plastic pipes:

Some plastic pipes can be cut with a sharp knife. But all can be cut with a _______. A _______ cutter should not in any manner be used in cutting plastic pipes.

Answer 392

Hacksaw or Handsaw; Rotary Cutter

Question 393

Working with plastic pipes:

After cutting, remove the burrs inside the pipe, ream and clean the end portion of the pipe until smooth to allow full contact with the fitting shoulder. Clean the pipe end with ______________ or simply ____. However, depending upon the type of plastic being used, there are solvent that needs no cleaning of the pipe before its application.

Answer 393

Methy Ethy Ketone (MEK) or simply Acetone

Question 394

Working with plastic pipes:

Insert the pipe into the fitting and give it a _________. The span of time from the cement application to the quarter turning should not be more than _____ secons.

Answer 394

1/4 or Quarter; 30 seconds

Question 395

Working with plastic pipes:

Do not disturb the pipe for several minutes after the quarter turn. Wait for about _______ hours before testing the line under pressure. Drying of the cement must be far enough advance from ___ to _____ to permit use of the line.

Answer 395

2 hours; 15 - 20 hours

Question 396

Working with plastic pipes:

Apply solvent cement liberally using _______ to the shoulder fitting and butt end of the pipe.

Answer 396

non-synthetic brush

Question 397

Working with plastic pipes:

In the process of bending, plastic pipe is packed with ____ then heated using a flame torch or hot water. Apply pressure gently and gradually when the pipe is soft and ready for bendring. Continue bending until the desired curvature of the pipe is arrived at. A _____ for bending copper tube may be used to prevent flattering of the pipe.

Answer 397

Sand; Metal spring

Question 398

Working with plastic pipes:

Correction or repair of lines may be done by cutting the pipe at a reasonable distance away from the side of the fitting then connect with _______ or ________.

Answer 398

Coupling or Socket

Question 399

A _______ used on plumbing fixture is a device scientifically designed to prevent the backflow of gases coming from the septic tank or sewer line passing through the outlet of the fixture.

Answer 399

Trap

Question 400

A ____ used on plumbing fixture is a device scientifically designed to prevent the backflow of gases coming from the septic tank or sewer lines passing through the outlet of the fixture.

Answer 400

Trap

Question 401

In ________, when the first patented trap in the United States was innovated, manufacturers offered various forms and design to plumbing industry.

Answer 401

1856

Question 402

P-trap was also called ____ attributed to its form like the neck of a goose.

Answer 402

Gooseneck

Question 403

The column of water that is retained between the overflow and the dip of the trap is called _ or sometimes as ___.

Answer 403

Trap Seal; Water Seal

Question 404

Water sealed P-trap os classified into two:

Answer 404

Common Seal and Deep Seal

Question 405

The ___________ has 5cm deep water seal between the overflow and the dip that will offer resistance against abnormal conditions, only to the amount of pressure a 5cm water will develop.

Answer 405

Common Seal

Question 406

The _ has from 7.5 to 10 cm column of liquid content between the overflow and the dip. This trap may be used under normal condition, but it is purposely designed for abnormal situation (eg. extreme head condition)

Answer 406

Deep Seal P trap

Question 407

One advantage of the deep seal over the common seal is its greater _ quality. This is a term used to the scientific principle that water at rest tends to seek a level and maintain it.

Answer 407

Re-sealing quality

Question 408

The P-trap is the most common and practical shape available in various sizes from ____ to ___ diameter.

Answer 408

32mm to 50mm

Question 409

Permissible Types of Traps (2)

Answer 409

P-trap and Drum Trao

Question 410

Objectionable Types of P-trap: (4)

Answer 410

Full size S and the 3/4 S-types

Bag Traps

Mechanically Sealed Traps

Light Metal Partition Traps

Question 411

All traps shall be __. That is, capable of being completely flushed each time the trap operates and no sedements will remain inside to decompose.

Answer 411

Self-Cleaning

Question 412

P-trap shall be installed as near the fixture as practical not to require too long _____ between the trap and the fixture proper.

Answer 412

Vertical Leg

Question 413

_____ vertical leg eliminates high velocity of water discharge that creates siphon, the major cause of trap seal loss.

Answer 413

Short

Question 414

P-trap shall be installed within ______ centimeters of the fixture ot serve. It will be accessible for cleaning through the bottom opening closed by a screw plug.

Answer 414

60cm

Question 415

Long Run Horizontal Pipe could be used only near the drain of the ____ or _______. It is also called __________ not provided with hand-hole cleanout.

Answer 415

floor area or yard.; running trap

Question 416

Overflow pipe from fixture shall be connected to the _____ of the trap.

Answer 416

Inlet

Question 417

Each fixture shall have its own trap. The following are exception to the rule: (3)

Answer 417

2 laundry and 1 sink

3 laundry trays

3 lavatories

Question 418

____ is also classified as a water seal device. The name was derived from its size being large in diameter.

Answer 418

Drum Trap

Question 419

Key features of a Drum Trap:

Answer 419

1. For fixtures installed on the floor. (eg. Bathtub, foot tub, or sitz tab)
2. For substantial amount of water
3. May serve as terminal for soda/bar waste.

Question 420

Drum trap has 2 types:

Answer 420

100mm x 125mm

100mm x 200mm

Question 421

Advantages of the Drum Trap:

Answer 421

Greater amount of water may pass through it ina shorter interval without the danger of trap seal loss.

It has a higher resealing quality than the p-trap

Question 422

Permissible Traps (5) then illustrate each

Answer 422

Low Hub

High Hub

Stand Trap

Brass

Extra Heavy

Question 423

Disadvantages of the Drum Trap (4)

Answer 423

It is large and cumbersome

Unsightly when exposed

Cleanout cover is above the water seal.

To clean the drum trap needs lubricant and a fiber washer at joint between the cover and the body of the trap.

Question 424

Minimum Size fixture trap of the following:

Bath Tub

Bath showel Stall

Bath Sitz

Bath Foot

Bidets

Answer 424

1 1/2”

2”

1 1/2”

1 1/2”

1 1/2”

Question 425

Minimum Size fixture trap of the following:

Combination Fixture

Drinking Fountain

Fountain Cupsidors

Floor Drains

Laundry Trays

Answer 425

1 1/2”

1 1/4”

1 1/4”

2”

1 1/2”

Question 426

Minimum Size fixture trap of the following:

Sinks, (Kitchen of residence)

Sinks, (Hotel or Public)

Sinks, (Large hotel or public)

Sinks (Small pantry or bar)

Sinks, (DIshwasher)

Sinks, Slop, with combined trap

Sinks, Slop, Ordinary

Answer 426

1 1/2”

2”

2”

1 1/4”

1 1/4”

3”

2”

Question 427

Minimum Size fixture trap of the following:

Urinals Lip

Urinals, through

Urinals, Pedestal

Urinals, Stall

Wash Basin

Water CLosets

Answer 427

1 1/2”

2”

3”

2”

1 1/4”

3”

Question 428

Every trap shall be self-cleaning. Traps for bathtubs, lavatories, sinks, and other similar fixtures shall be of either ____ (6)

Answer 428

Lead, Brass, Cast Iron, Galvanized, Porcelain or Enameled or Plastic

Question 429

…but in no case shall the waste from bathtub or other fixture discharge into a _____. No fixture shall be double trapped.

Answer 429

Water CLoset

Question 430

“Traps where required - each fixture shall be separately trapped by a water sealed trap placed as possible to the fixture except that a set of similar fixture consisting of not more than ______, or a set of _______ or a set of _______ may connect with a single trap.

Answer 430

3 wash basin; 3 laundry trays; 3 sinks

Question 431

Class 1 - For _____ like fixtures in residential houses, apartment and private bathroom of hotels and similar installations.

Answer 431

Private Use

Question 432

Class 2 - For ____ applied to fixtures in office buildings, factories, dormitories and the like for occupants use only.

Answer 432

Semi - Public Use

Question 433

Class 3 - For ______ such as schools, gymnasium, hotels, rail road, bus station; public comfort rooms and other installation where several fixtures are installed for unrestricted use.

Answer 433

Public Use

Question 434

______ of a plumbing system, is that portion of the drainage pipe installation, designed to maintain a balance atmospheric pressure inside the system to prevent problems like: Trap Seal Loss, Deterioration of Materials, Retardation of Flow

Answer 434

Ventilation

Question 435

_____ can be attributed to inadequate ventilation of the trap and the subsequent minus and plus pressures inside the system. This is the most common and serious problem being encountered in a drainage system.

Answer 435

Trap Seal Loss

Question 436

Trap seal loss may be attributed to any of the following factors: (4)

Answer 436

Siphonage

Back Pressure

Capillary Action

Evaporation

Question 437

According to scientific findings, the surface of the earth is subjected to an atmospheric pressure valued about ______ Newtons at sea level. Any elevation above or below the sea level would be subjected to minus or plus pressure as the total volume of air above it is lesser or greater accordingly.

Answer 437

65.47N

Question 438

How much is a Newton?

Answer 438

1 Newton is equivalent to the pressure in terms of weight of a 100 grams. (eg. two pieces of Snickers bar or a 1kg of rice is equivalent to 10N)

Question 439

Knowledgeable plumber must be able to correlate the principles of ____,_____, and _____ with the vent pipe installation, so that, when the system operates, it will function indefinitely.

Answer 439

siphon, pressure, and vacuum

Question 440

A pressure less than one atmospheric pressure (65.47N) will create ______, and that with greater than one atmospheric pressure, will create a _________.

Answer 440

Negative Pressure; Positive Pressure

Question 441

Air can be compressed, or withdrawn from a space or container. When ____, pressure greater than one atmosphere is developed. When _______ from a space is called vacuum or partially vacuum depending upon the volume of air removed. A partial vacuum, would indicate a pressure less than one atmosphere.

Answer 441

Compressed; Withdrawn

Question 442

_______ is the result of minus pressure in the drainage system. If the trap of a common seal is open and exposed to the atmosphere, both the inlet and the outlet orifices will be under balance atmospheric pressure. As such, the tendency of water seal to move is remote.

Answer 442

Siphonage

Question 443

Siphonage is classified into Two types:

Answer 443

1. Direct or Self Siphonage
2. Indirect or momentum Siphonage

Question 444

______ occur in unventilated traps which serves as oval bottom fixtures like lavatories or slop sink. Self siphonage is created when a rapid flow of water passing through the pipe siphon down the water seal inside the traps with the water seal inside the traps with no vent provision.

Answer 444

Direct/ Self Siphonage

Question 445

______ is the result of a minus pressure in the pipe create by heavy discharge of water from a fixture installed on a line serving another fixture at a lower flower floor.

Answer 445

Momentum Siphonage or Indirect Siphonage

Question 446

______ is caused by plus pressure. When large amount of water flow drops downward rapidly forming a slug like, the air inside the pipe will be compressed downward. In the absence of adequate ventilation, the compressed air will be forced to find its way out through a weaker point. The trap seal being the weakest point will give way and blow out of the fixture.

Answer 446

Back Pressure

Question 447

This process is considered a minor problem and less probable to drain the water inside the trap. This scenario happens only on floor drain which are not regularly used to admit water (eg. basement), but exposed to extreme temperature.

Answer 447

Evaporation

Question 448

A wind velocity passing over the top of the soil pipe may affect the trap seal. This kind of trap seal loss is one improbable thing to happen by removing the entire water seal inside the p-trap.

Answer 448

Wind Effect

Question 449

This type of trap seal loss also seldown happen and is rarely experienced by homeowners. ___ is draining water seal caused by foreign objects like thread or string suspended and extended over the outlet arm of the trap.

Answer 449

Capillary action

Question 450

_____ is that portion of the soil stack above the highest installed fixture branch extending through the roof. It serves as the terminal for the main vent and other vents of the system.

Answer 450

Main soil and waste Vent

Question 451

This type of ventilation, only serve fixture trap indirectly. Their main function is to maintain the balance atmospheric pressure inside the waste pipe system.

Answer 451

Relief Vent/Yoke Vent

Question 452

“All roof extensions of soil or waste stack shall run full size at least ____ above the roof and when the roof is used for other purposes than weather protection, such extension shall not be less than _______ above the roof. The terminal of any stack or vent, if within _______ of any door, window, scuttle or air shaft shall extend at least ________ above the same.

Answer 452

30cm; 2.00m; 3.00m; 1.00m

Question 453

The _____ is that portion of the vent pipe system, serving as terminal for smaller forms of individual and grouped fixture trap ventilation. It is sometimes referred to as ________.

Answer 453

Main Vent; Collecting Vent Line

Question 454

The main vent shall be in full size at their base to the main soil or waste pipe or below the lowest fixture branch. It shall be extended undiminished in size above the roof, or shall be connected with the main soil vent, at least _____ above the highest fixture branch.

Answer 454

1.00m

Question 455

It is that portion of the vent pipe system that serves as a single trap. It is connected closer to the trap directly underneath and back of the fixture, and reconnected into the main vent above the overflow line of the fixture it serves.

Answer 455

Individual Vent/Back Vent

Question 456

The idea of venting each trap individualy, is very costly but economy could be attained through group venting which is allowed under the following conditions: (3)

Answer 456

Close as possible to the fixture traps

Located underneath or back of the fixture

It must be connected to the main vent above the overflow line of the fixture

Question 457

No trap seal shall be placed more than ______ horizontal developed length from its vent.

Answer 457

1.50m

Question 458

The distance should be measured along the _____ of the waste or soil pipe from the vertical inlet to the trap to the vent opening.

Answer 458

Central Line

Question 459

A group of 5 lavatories is to be circuit vented. Find the size of the circuit vent pipe.

Answer 459

1 1/2” diameter pipe

Question 460

How large is the main vent required for various fixtures consisting of 4 water closets; 4 lavatories; 3 showers and 2 kitchen sinks installed on the first floor of a two storey building 6.00 meters high?

Answer 460

Total 36 units

= 2 1/2”

Question 461

Enumerate permissible number of fixture unit for venting size:

1 1/4”

1 1/2”

2”

2 1/2”

3”

4”

Answer 461

1

8

18

36

72

384

Question 462

Illustrate individual vent for lavatory, sink, etc. (fig. 11-8; page 192)

Question 463

Illustrate individual vent for bathtub and shower

Answer 463

fig 11 - 11; page 194

Question 464

Illustrate individual vent for water closet

Answer 464

fig 11 - 12; page 195

Question 465

No vent shall be less than ______ diameter except for a _____ diameter waste pipe. The vent pipe shall be of the same diameter size as the _____ and in no case must a branch or main vent have a diameter less than ____ that of the soil or waste pipe served nor shall the lenth of a branch vent of given diameter exceed the maximum length permitted for the main vent serving the same size of the vent stack.

Answer 465

1 1/2”; 1 1/4”; waste pipe; 1/2

Question 466

“All vents and branch bent pipes shall be free from drops or sags and shall be so graded and connected so as to drip back water to the soil or waste pipe gravity. Where vent pipes connect to a horizontal soil or waste pipe, the vent branch shall be taken off above the center line of the pipe and whenever practicable, the vent pipe must rise vertically or at ______________ it is venting before offsetting horizontally or connecting to the branch main waste or soil vent.”

Answer 466

at angle 45 degrees to the vertical up to the point of 15 centimeters above the fixture.

Question 467

______ is defined as: that portion of a vent pipe system that ventilates two fixture traps that discharges into a sanitary cross with deflectors. It is classified as another form of individual vent, with identical form of back venting, having the same principles in functions.

Answer 467

Unit Venting

Question 468

Unit venting is common to fixture trap serving what building type? Especially on fixtures with identical position and measurements.

Answer 468

Apartment and Hotels

Question 469

Illustrate Unit Venting of Wall Hung Fixture

Question 470

Illustrate unit vent for bath tub installation

Question 471

Illustrate Unit Vent of Water Closets

Question 472

_________ is employed where two or more fixture traps are installed on a horizontal soil or waste branch. Generally, the use of this type of vent reduces the cost of plumbing installation. This type of ventilation is commonly used in buildings with more facilities and battery of fixtures.

Answer 472

Circuit Vent or Loop Vent

Question 473

Enumerate Table 11-5 Size of Circuit Vent for a Battery of Water Closet

Answer 473

2 water closets = 2” diameter

3 - 6 water closets = 3”

7 above = 4”

Question 474

On circuit vent for a battery of water closets, the Code says that: “No more than _____ water closets or other fixtures shall be allowed on any circuit or loop vent. If there are ____ or ____ water closet which are to be vented, ___ pieces of ____ diameter pipe should be installed.

Answer 474

8 water closets; 14 or 16; 2 pieces 4”

Question 475

“Circuit or Loop vent is permitted provided that a branch soil or waste pipe to which _______ and not more than _________ water closets, pedestal, urinals, trap standard slop sinks, or shower stalls are connected in a series, may be vented by a circuit or loop vent, which should be taken off in front of the ________.

Answer 475

Two; Eight; Last Fixture Connection

Question 476

“Where fixtures discharge above such branch (8 water closet; urinal; slop sink, shower stall, pedestal urinal), each branch shall be provided with _________.

Answer 476

relief vent one half the diameter of the soil or waste stack, taken off into front of the fixture connection.

Question 477

______ is installed to ventilate the soil and waste pipe and the connecting branches rather than the fixture traps.

Answer 477

Relief Vent

Question 478

Waste branches which are circuit vented shall be provided with _________.

Answer 478

Relief Vent

Question 479

The ______ of the soil stack on tall building installation is susceptible to back pressure, due to the large volume of water rushing down inside the pipe. Hence, a _____ in this portion of the installation is necessary.

Answer 479

Base; Relief Vent

Question 480

Relief vent serving a ciruit vented branch, should have at least ____ the diameter of the said soil pipe, but in no vase, be less than _____ diameter.

Answer 480

1/2/; 1 1/2”

Question 481

Illustrate Yoke Venting

Question 482

A relief vent used on change of direction, and at the base of the soil pipe, shall have a diameter equal to the _____ and in no case, the relief vent be less than ______.

Answer 482

main vent; 2”

Question 483

Relief Vent may be installed at interval on the soil pipe having _____.

Answer 483

Changes on direction

Question 484

On long vertical soil pipe, a relief vent is installed at _____ to _____ floor intervals. In this manner of installation, the relief vent is sometimes referred to as _____ or _______.

Answer 484

3 - 5 floor interval; Yoke or By-pass Ventilation

Question 485

Yoke vent between the main vent and the soil pipe at ____ floor intervals must have equal pipe diameter, as the main vent.

Answer 485

5 floor interval

Question 486

Yoke vent between the main vent and the soil pipe at _____ floor intervals must have equal pipe diameter, as the main vent.

Answer 486

5 floor interval

Question 487

_____ is one type of ventilation use on fixtures in a room away from partitions. This is common to beauty parlors, clinic, barber shop and operating room. (Also to island sink)

Answer 487

Looped Vent

Question 488

Illustrate Looped Venting and Label Parts.

Question 489

______ is defined as that portion of the vent pipe system where liquid waste regularly flows.

Answer 489

Wet Vent

Question 490

Illustrate Wet Ventilation

Question 491

It is not advisable to drain a _____, or similar fixtures into the wet vent pipe considering the kind of variety of waste matter it discharges.

Answer 491

Kichen Sink

Question 492

Determine the size of the wet vent necessary to ventilate a group of fixtures consisting of one water closet, two lavatories, and one bath tub.

Answer 492

10 Fixture units = 2”

Question 493

A system coined for installation of waste and soil pipes only. It doesn’t have any ventilation system.

Answer 493

One line Piping

Question 494

The _____ is sometimes referred to as DWV: Drainage, Waste and Vent. The installation has proven itself as efficient plumbing system.

Answer 494

Two Line Drainage System

Question 495

The _____ is a recent development in drainage installation suitable for tall buildings. This new concept in plumbing has almost completely eliminates the vent stack and other forms of ventilation.

Question 496

The sovent system was introduced by ____ of Switzerland. It was first presented in 1962, when testen on a 10 storey drainage tower which resulted in a satisfactory performance.

Answer 496

Fritz Sommer

Question 497

The sovent system was introduced in _____, more than 100 tall buildings in Europe and Africa adopted its use. It was used also in Habitat Apartment in Canada, 1967 world’s fair.

Answer 497

1967

Question 498

In ____ (date), the Sovent System was first introduced in the United States constrction of _________ in Richmond, California. Thereafter, in the same year, the Sovent System was granted Plumbing Code Acceptance in Richmond, California.

Answer 498

1968; Uniment Apartment

Question 499

The _____ system eliminates the use of ventilation line but still maintained the balance atmospheric pressure required inside the pipe.

Question 500

A large amount of waste and sewage discharges from the upper floor fixtures could form a ____ pressing or pushing the air downward the pipe creating forces.

Answer 500

Slug / Bullet

Question 501

The downward force classified as ______, will induce back flow of waster seal inside the P-trap of lower fixtures. Likewise, the suction force called ______ will siphon and pull down the water seal of the fixtures and create a trap seal loss.

Answer 501

Plus Pressure; Minus Pressure

Question 502

In Sovent System, PRL means:

Answer 502

Pressure Relief Line

Question 503

The PRL shall be connected to the horizontal drain a minimum of _____ pipe diameter based on the ______ size.

Answer 503

10x; Stack Size

Question 504

Sovent System: The ______ fitting functions in combination with the aerator fittings above to make a single stack self venting. The deaerator is designed to overcome tendency of the falling waste to stock up excessive back pressure at the bottom of the stack when the flow is decelerated by the bend into the horizontal drain.

Answer 504

Deaerator

Question 505

A sovent system consists of” (3)

Answer 505

Vertical Stack Open to the atmosphere

Horizontal Branches to each Fixture

Sovent Aerator and Deaerator

Question 506

The sovent system prevents excursions from exceeding _____ of water column, which is standard for sanitary drainage systems.

Answer 506

+/- one inch of water columns

Question 507

Illustrate Each Sovent system Components

Question 508

Minimum and Maximum Stack Pipe diameter for Aerator

Answer 508

3” - 8”

Question 509

Minimum and Maximum Nominal Diameter sizes for Deaerator Fitting

Answer 509

4 - 8”

Question 510

Illustrate Aerator Fitting Section

Question 511

Illustrate Deaerator Fitting Section

Question 512

The _______ of sovent system functions as to prevent seal failure along the vertical stack. The cross sectional area always maintains a core of air to balance pressure changes and protect the trap seals. This prevent sewer gas and odors from entering the living areas.

Answer 512

Core Air

Question 513

Illustrate the parts of a tail piece

Answer 513

Question 514

When piping design left incontrolled, the flow velocity will increase to a point known as ______ and may form a complete cross-sectional blockage of the tube. This results in positive and negative pressures that may cause trap seal failures through induced siphonage and blowback.

Answer 514

Terminal Velocity

Question 515

The original material used for sovent piping is ______, attributed to its proven record of quick and trouble free installation

Answer 515

Copper

Question 516

50,000 dwelling unit; 212 storey hign in Pheonix which utilized copper sovent system.

Answer 516

Hyatt Hotel

Question 517

What is new in sovent plumbing system?

Answer 517

Elimination of Ventilation

Question 518

______ is a combination of two chemical elements called Hydrogen and Oxygen. It appears in its natural state as liquid, solid (ice) or gas (water vapor or steam).

Answer 518

Water

Question 519

Water in its liquid form is _____ times heavier than air, but in its gaseous state, it is ______ times lighter than air.

Answer 519

839; 133

Question 520

Water in its liquid form weights about ______ kg per U.S. gallon, or ____ kg per cubic meter.

Answer 520

3.77kg per US Gallon; 1000kg per cubic meter

Question 521

The three source of water are:

Answer 521

Rain Water

Natural Surface Water from streams and rivers

Underground Water