Building Utilities by JPT Flashcards
Telephone
Who developed the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
Telephone
the device operates princially by converting sound waves to electrical signals (transmitter), and electrical signals to sound waves(receiver).
Telephone has 3 main parts, what are these?
- Speaker (the upper portion made out of plastic or metal, “receiver”
- Microphone (transmitter)(the lower portion (converts sound waves to electrical signals that goes to the other telephone and becomes a soundwave)
- Hook Switch

Telephone
contains a device called _____ to block the sound of your voice from reaching your ear. Modern telephone includes a ___ so it can ring and a touch-tone keypad and frequency generator.
duplex coil
bell

Telephone
traditional landline telephone system, known as ______, handles signaling and audio information on the same twisted pair of insulated wiere: the telephone line.
Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)
Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) refers to the basic voice service traditionally transmitted over the copper wire network. The sound waves of a caller’s voice are converted by the telephone handset into electrical signals that travel over the network. The copper network is prone to interference, and the signal may weaken over distance, thus requiring amplification along the way.

Process of POTS
from telephone to the drop cable,
from the drop cable to the Transmitter Terminal
from the terminal to the Central Phone Office Co.
from Central Phone Office Co. to another Central Phoone Office Co (this happens when the receiver of the call if too far from the caller)
from the final Central Phone Office Co. to the Receiver Terminal
from Terminal to Telephone where Call may be received.

what is a Handset?
A mobile Phone
Telephone
The signaling equipment consists of a bell, beeper, light or other deviceo alert users to incoming calls. A ____ is preferred as it is more effective at rejecting electromagnetic interference (EMI) and crosstalk than an ____.
twisted pair line
untwisted pair line
Twisted pair line is a cable to transmit soundwaves from telephones.
Cables designed for speech communication, made out of copper

Electromagnetic interference,
abbreviated EMI, is the interference caused by anelectromagnetic disturbance affecting the performance of a device, transmission channel, or system. It is also called radio frequency interference, or RFI, when theinterference is in the radio frequency spectrum.
Telephone
Consists of an alerting device (a ringer) that remains connected to the phone line whenever the phone is “on hook”. Other components connected when the phone is “off hook” include a _____, a ____ and other circuits for dialing, filtering and amplification. A calling party wishing to speak to another party picks up the telephone’s handset, operating a button switch or _____
transmitter (microphone)
receiver (speaker)
switchhook
How Telephone Works?
When a person speaks into a telephone, the sound waves created by his voice enter the mouthpiece. An electric current carries the sound to the telephone of the person he is talking to. A telephone has two main parts: (1) the transmitter and (2) the receiver.
The Transmitter of a telephone serves as a sensitive “electric ear.” It lies behind the mouthpiece of the phone. Like the human ear, the transmitter has an 14 eardrum.” The eardrum of the telephone is a thin, round metal disk called a diaphragm. When a person talks into the telephone, the sound waves strike the diaphragm and make it vibrate. The diaphragm vibrates at various speeds, depending on the variations in air pressure caused by the varying tones of the speaker’s voice.

Telephone: How dial tone works
Circuitry has low resitance (less than ____ ohms) which causes DC (48volts, nominal) from the telephone exchange to flow through the line. The ______ detects this DC, attaches a digit receiver circuit to the line, and sends a dial to the indicate readiness.
300 ohms
Exchange
Telephone
Bottons are connected to a tone generator circuit that produces DTMF tones which end up at a circuit at the exchange. A _____ telephone employs pulse dialing, sending electrical pulses corresponding to the telephone number to the exchange.
rotary dial
DTMF
(dual tone multi frequency) is the signal to the phone company that you generate when you press an ordinary telephone’s touch keys. In the United States and perhaps elsewhere, it’s known as “Touchtone” phone (formerly a registered trademark of AT&T). DTMF has generally replaced loop disconnect (“pulse”) dialling.
AT&T meaning
American Telephone & Telegraph
_____ are widely used as parts of electrical circuits in many common electrical devices. Unlike a resistor, it does not dissipate energy. Instead, it stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field between its plates.
Capacitors
Telephone
_______ are long, thin strands of very pure glass about the diameter of a human hair. They are arranged in bundles called optical cables and used to transmit light signals over long distances
Fiber optics (optical fibers)
Telephone:
When “on hook” it means it is
Inactive
telephone
____ and _____ are used for communication over long distance.
Satelite technolog and fiber optic cable
A ____ is a document sent over a telephone line.
Fax (facsimile)

what is the advantage of Fax over the internet based sending of documents?
the Security, transmission of sensitive material, they cant unkrypt the material, unlike in the internet, they may unencrpyt the material.
eg. Military communications
Communication through a cable.
Telecommunication
How Fax Works?
Fax is sended and encoded by fax machine,
then transmission happens by a telephone network
then, receive and printed by decoding what has been encoded by the sender.

PLDT
PLDT Inc., (PSE: TEL, NYSE: PHI), formerly known as the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company
PBX
Private Branch Exchange

















