Virology (DNA viruses) Flashcards
Define all of the DNA viruses
HHAPPPPy
- Herpesvirus
- Hepadnavirus
- Adenovirus
- Parvovirus
- Papillomavirus
- Polyomavirus
- Poxvirus
Herpesviruses
- Define the envelope and DNA structure (circular or linear)
- Medical importance
- enveloped, dsDNA & linear
- HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV (HSV-3), EBV (HSV-4), CMV (HHV-5), HHV-6, HHV-7, HHV-8
Define accompaning disease with the following viruses
- HSV-1
- oral (some genital) lesions
- spontaneous temporal lobe encephalitis,
- keratoconjunctivitis.
Define accompaning disease with the following viruses
HSV-2
genital (and some oral) lesions
Define accompaning disease with the following viruses
- VZV (HHV-3)
- is there a vaccine avaliable?
chickenpox, zoster (shingles), vaccine avaiable
Define accompaning disease with the following viruses
EBV (HHV-4)
(3 types)
- mononucleosis (monospot test +)
- Burkitt lymphoma (8;14 t)
- Hodgkin lymphoma
Define accompaning disease with the following viruses
- CMV (HHV-5)
- what pt population is it seen in?
- Congenital defects (sightomegalovirus)
- infection in immunosuppressed pt (AIDS retinitis), especially transplant recipients
Define accompaning disease with the following viruses
- HHV-6
- HHV-7
- HHV-8
- roseola (exanthem subitum)
- less common cause of roseola
- causes Kaposi sarcoma
Pt presents with
Gingivostomatitis, heratoconjunctivitis, temporal lobe encephalitis (MCC of sporadic encephatlitis in US), herpes labialis,
- Define virus
- where is it latent
- how its transmitted
- HSV-1
- trigeminal ganglia
- Transmitted: respiratory secretions, saliva
Pt presents with
herpes genitalis, neonatal herpes.
- what is the virus
- its latent in what ganglia
- transmitted by what
- HSV-2
- sacral ganglia
- sexual contact, perinatally
Pt presents with
Mononucleosis. characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy (especially posterior cervical nodes)
- what is the virus
- how is it transmitted
- what cells are infected
- how is it detected
- assoc w/ what 3 pathologies ‘Honey BuN’
- what is the virus: EBV (HHV-4)
- how is it transmitted: respiratory secretions and saliva, also called kissing disease since commonly seen in teens and young adults.
- what cells are infected: B-cells (In FA: atypical lymphoctes seen on peripheral blood smear are not infected B cells but rather reactive cytotoxic T cells)
- how is it detected: Monospot test: heterophile antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep or horse RBCs.
-
assoc w/ what 3 pathologies
- Hodgkn lymphoma
- Burkitt lymphoma
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Pt presents with
congenital ifection, mononucleosis (- monospot) pneumonia, retinitis.
- Define infection
- What do infection cells have that is unique to this infection?
- transmission?
- CMV (HHV-5)
- Owl eyes
- Congenitally and by transfusion, sexual contact, saliva, urine, transplant
Pt presents with
High fevers for several days that can cause seizures, followed by diffuse macular rash
- what is the name of disease
- What is the virus that causes it
- How is it transmitted?
- Roseola
- HHV-6
- saliva
Pt presents with
a neoplasm of endothelial cells, Dark/violaceous flat adn nodular skin lesion, representing endothelial growths.
- What is the name of the discribed lesion
- What is the virus
- What pt pop is it seen in
- What other organs can it effect
- Transmission
- What is the name of the discribed lesion: Kaposi sarcoma
- **What is the virus: **HHV-8
- What pt pop is it seen in: HIV/AIDs and transplant popul
- What other organs can it effect: GI tract and lungs
- Transmission: sexual contact
Hepadnvirus
- Define the type of envelope and DNA structure
- what medical disease is assoc with it
- acute or chronic
- is there a vaccine avaliable
- is it a retrovirus or have a reverse transcriptase?
- Yes, partial and circular
-
HBV
- acute and chronic hepatitis
- Vaccine avalible- contains HBV surface antigen
- Not a retrovirus but has a reverse transcriptase
Adenovirus
- Define the type of envelope and DNA structure
- what medical disease is assoc with it
- F-CAP
- No, dsDNA and linear
- diseases
- Febrile pharyngitis- sore throat
- Conjunctivitis (pick eye)
- Acute hemorrhagic cystitis: treat with mesna
- Pneumonia
Parvovirus
- Define the type of envelope and DNA structure
- what medical disease is assoc with it
- causes crisies in what disease
- No, SS linear
-
B19 virus
- aplastic crises in sickle cell disease
- slapped checks rash in children
- erthema infectiosum 5th disease
- RBC destruction in fetus lead to hydrops fetalis adn death
- pure RBC aplasia and rheumatoid arthritis like symptoms in adults.
Papillomavirus
- Define the type of envelope and DNA structure
- what medical disease is assoc with it
- is there a vaccine avaliable
- No, DS circular
- HPV
- warts 1,2,6,11
- CIN
- cervical cancer (16,18)
- vaccine avaliable
Polyomavirus
- Define the type of envelope and DNA structure
- what medical disease is assoc with it
- JC
- BK
- No, DS circular
-
Diseased
- JC virus: assoc with PML (progressive multifocal leujoencephalopathy) in HIV
- **BK virus: **assoc with transplant pts, commonly targets kidney.
Poxvirus
- Define the type of envelope and DNA structure
- what medical disease is assoc with it
- Yes, DS linear
- Disease
-
Small pox
- although eradicated, could be used in warfare
-
Cowpox
- milkmaid blisters
-
molluscum contagiosum
- flesh colored dome lesssion withcentral umbilicated dimple
-
Small pox
Pt presents with
HSV-1, HSV-2, HHV-3-8
Define virus and morphology
- Herpesvirus
- enveloped, DS linear
Pt presents with
HBV
Define the virus and its morphology
- Hepadnavirus
- Non-enveloped, Partially DS & circular
Pt presents with
sore throat, pink eye, acute hemorrhagic cystitis, pneumonia
Define the virus and its morphology
- Adenovirus
- Non-enveloped, DS linear
Pt presents with
rash on face, have aplastic crisis (b/c have sickle cell), erthema infectiosum
Define the virus and its morphology
- Parvovirus
- Non-eveloped SS linear (smalles virus)
Pt presents with
Warts on hands, CIN, cervical cancer
Define the virus and its morphology
- Papilomavirus
- Non-enveloped, DS circular
Pt presents with
Progressive multifocal lesions, and infection after a kidney transplant
Define the virus and its morphology
- Polyomavirus
- JC,BK
- Nonenveloped DS circular
Pt presents with
Smallpox, cowpox, and flesh colored dome lesions with central umbilicated dimple (define name of it)
Define the virus and its morphology
- Poxvirus
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Enveloped DS linear (largest DNA virus)
