Viro3 Flashcards
What is the family of the rabies virus?
Rhabdoviridae
What is the subfamily/genus of the rabies virus?
Lissavirus
Describe the structure/morphology of the rabies virus.
Enveloped, helical nucleocapsid, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA, bullet-shaped virion.
What is the host range for Lyssavirus rabies?
All mammals are susceptible to infection and fatal disease.
How is rabies virus transmitted?
Transmission via exposure to contaminated saliva or neural tissue of infected host, primarily through bites.
What are the common clinical signs of rabies?
- Fever 103-105
- Rapid progression to coma
- Respiratory failure
- Change in behavior
- Depression
- Vocalizing
- Difficulty swallowing
- Paralysis
- Death
What is the typical incubation time for rabies?
Variable incubation time ~2 weeks to ~3 months.
What are the two clinical forms of rabies recognized?
- Furious/encephalitic form
- Dumb/paralytic form
What is the pathogenesis of rabies?
Transneuronal spread without viremia; clinical signs due to neuronal dysfunction.
What diagnostic tests are used for rabies?
- Direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT)
- RT-PCR
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
What is the prevention strategy for rabies?
Vaccination of potential reservoir hosts and rabies titer testing for traveling pets.
How is rabies treated once clinical signs appear?
No cure.
What is the most common cause of rabies in humans and domestic animals?
Infection with Lyssavirus rabies.
What is the incubation time for vesicular stomatitis?
Short incubation period of 2-8 days.
What species are primarily affected by vesicular stomatitis?
- Horses
- Cattle
- Pigs
- Occasionally sheep, goats, llamas, and alpacas
What are the clinical signs of vesicular stomatitis?
- Excess salivation
- Fever
- Vesicles on tongue and oral mucosa
- Lameness in pigs
What diagnostic tests are used for vesicular stomatitis?
- RTPCR
- Serology
What is the control strategy for vesicular stomatitis?
- Provide supportive care
- Limit time on pasture during insect season
- Quarantine affected premises
What is the causative agent of bovine ephemeral fever?
Ephemero-virus
What are the clinical signs of bovine ephemeral fever?
- Biphasic/polyphasic fever
- Depression
- Lameness
- Anorexia
What is the vector for bovine ephemeral fever?
Arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes and midges.
What is Spring Viremia of Carp classified as?
REPORTABLE
What are the clinical signs of Spring Viremia of Carp?
- Abdominal distension
- Exophthalmia
- Petechial hemorrhages
What is the economic impact of Spring Viremia of Carp?
Can lead to up to 90% mortality in young fish.
