BacT2 Flashcards
What is the family of Corynebacterium renale?
Corynebacteriaceae
This family includes various bacteria that can be found in different hosts.
What type of bacteria is Corynebacterium renale?
Gram positive rod facultative anaerobe
This means it can grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen.
What are the common hosts for Corynebacterium renale?
Cattle, Sheep, Goats
This bacterium is part of the normal urogenital flora in these animals.
How does Corynebacterium renale primarily cause infections?
Opportunistic pathogen
Host predisposition is the main reason for infection.
What is a common clinical sign of infection caused by Corynebacterium renale?
Balanoposthitis, ‘Pizzle Rot’
Other signs include suppurative pyelonephritis and ureteritis.
What is the collection method for diagnostic testing of urinary infections?
Cystocentesis, Catheterization, Midstream voided
These methods help in accurate culture results.
What is a common antimicrobial treatment option for urinary infections?
Amoxicillin
It is a great first choice for first-time urinary tract infections.
True or False: Presence of bacteria in urine (bacteriuria) is an indication to treat.
False
Treatment should only be considered if there are lower urinary signs.
What are the two types of cystitis mentioned?
Uncomplicated (sporadic), Complicated
Uncomplicated is common in dogs and humans, while complicated is more common in both dogs and cats.
What causes complicated cystitis?
Interference with normal micturition, Anatomic defects, Changes to urothelium, Metabolic/Endocrine disease
These factors contribute to the complexity of treatment.
What is pyelonephritis?
Ascending infection; can be sequelae to cystitis
It is common in dogs and cats and difficult to diagnose.
What is a common cause of prostatitis infections?
Escherichia coli
Approximately 50% of UTIs are caused by this bacterium.
What is the significance of P-fimbrae in Escherichia coli?
Attaches to urothelium
This feature aids in the bacteria’s ability to cause infections.
What is the role of urease produced by certain bacteria?
Leads to the production of ammonia; elevates pH of urine
This can predispose patients to urolithiasis.
What are the common clinical signs of acute prostatitis?
Fever, depression, lethargy, anorexia
Other signs may include urethral discharge and pain on prostatic palpation.
What type of bacteria is Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Gram negative rod, Obligate aerobe
It is often associated with indwelling catheter usage and nosocomial infections.
What is the primary transmission route for Corynebacterium renale?
Opportunistic infections via host predisposition
Host factors are crucial for the onset of infection.
Fill in the blank: Cystitis is _______.
sterile
Ascending infections are more common than descending UTIs.
What is the recommended treatment duration for uncomplicated cystitis?
3-5 days
High-dose enrofloxacin or Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are good options.
