BacT3

Question 1

What family does Pasteurella multocida belong to?

Answer 1

Pasteurellaceae

Question 2

What is the morphology of Pasteurella multocida?

Answer 2

Gram negative rod, facultative anaerobe

Question 3

Which species are commonly affected by Pasteurella multocida?

Answer 3

*Swine: Atrophic rhinitis
*Bovine: BRD
*Rabbits: Snuffles (rhinitis)
*Dogs/Cats: Bite wounds and aspiration pneumonia

Question 4

What is the primary disease associated with Histophilus somnii in bovines?

Answer 4

Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD)

Question 5

What type of pneumonia is Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae associated with in swine?

Answer 5

Fibrinous pleuropneumonia

Question 6

What growth medium is used for cultivating Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

Answer 6

Chocolate agar

Question 7

What is a significant virulence factor of Mycoplasma bovis?

Answer 7

No cell wall or peptidoglycan

Question 8

Fill in the blank: Pasteurella multocida is part of the normal _______ flora.

Answer 8

oronasopharyngeal

Question 9

True or False: Mycoplasma species can be easily cultivated in vitro.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What is the common clinical sign associated with Actinobacillus lignieresii in cattle?

Answer 10

Abscess and granulomas of the tongue (‘Wooden tongue’)

Question 11

What are the primary clinical signs of Mycoplasma haemofelis infection in felines?

Answer 11

*Acute: Fever, pale mucous membranes, lethargy, splenomegaly
*Chronic: Recurrent anemia, weight loss

Question 12

Which species is the reservoir for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae?

Answer 12

Domestic sheep

Question 13

What is a common diagnostic method for lower respiratory disease in small animals?

Answer 13

*Transtracheal wash (TTW)
*Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
*Postmortem lung samples

Question 14

What is the primary transmission route for Bordatella bronchiseptica?

Answer 14

Airborne transmission and fomites

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Most common lower respiratory infection in dogs, cats, and horses is _______.

Answer 15

Aspiration pneumonia

Question 16

What is the typical age group affected by Glasserella parasuis?

Answer 16

Weaner age group

Question 17

What is the primary treatment for hemoplasma infections in canines?

Answer 17

Doxycycline

Question 18

What condition does Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides cause in bovines?

Answer 18

Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia

Question 19

What are the common co-infections associated with Mycoplasma bovis?

Answer 19

*M. haemolytica
*P. multocida
*H. somnii

Question 20

What are the key features of the RTX family of toxins?

Answer 20

*Glycine-rich amino acid sequence
*Secreted by a T1SS
*Bind to leukocytes and activate neutrophils

Question 21

True or False: Pasteurella multocida is known to grow well on MacConkey’s agar.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

What is the role of siderophores in gram-negative bacteria?

Answer 22

Iron binding

Question 23

What is the significance of the capsule produced by Pasteurella multocida?

Answer 23

Antiphagocytic and poorly antigenic

Question 24

What is the primary method for preventing bovine respiratory disease?

Answer 24

Vaccination

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The most common respiratory disease in swine is caused by _______.

Answer 25

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Question 26

What are the clinical signs of Actinobacillus equuli infection in foals?

Answer 26

Foal is typically lethargic and has high mortality

Question 27

What type of bacteria is Bordatella bronchiseptica?

Answer 27

Gram negative coccobacilli, aerobic, motile

Question 28

What is a key reservoir for Bordatella bronchiseptica?

Answer 28

Infected animals, with asymptomatic carriers being common

Question 29

What are the virulence factors of Bordatella bronchiseptica?

Answer 29

* Pili (fimbriae) for adherence * LPS * Siderophores * Toxins (e.g., adenyl cyclase toxin, tracheal cytotoxin, dermonecrotic toxin)

Question 30

What disease does Bordatella bronchiseptica cause in swine?

Answer 30

Atrophic rhinitis in piglets and weaners

Question 31

Which animal is particularly predisposed to bronchopneumonia caused by Bordatella bronchiseptica?

Answer 31

Dogs, especially brachycephalics

Question 32

What is the primary disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in humans?

Answer 32

Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)

Question 33

What is the hemolytic pattern of Streptococcus pyogenes?

Answer 33

Beta-hemolytic

Question 34

What is the role of M-protein in Streptococcus pyogenes?

Answer 34

Binds host fibrinogen and decreases complement activity

Question 35

Which Streptococcus species is associated with mastitis in cattle?

Answer 35

Streptococcus agalactiae

Question 36

What disease is caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in horses?

Answer 36

Strangles (rhinopharyngitis)

Question 37

What is the virulence factor of Rhodococcus equi?

Answer 37

vapA (virulence associated protein)

Question 38

What type of pathogen is Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Answer 38

Acid-fast, non-spore-forming, human-adapted pathogen

Question 39

What is a significant disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis?

Answer 39

Bovine tuberculosis, which is zoonotic

Question 40

How is Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis transmitted?

Answer 40

* Prenatal (in utero) * Postnatal (feces, milk, colostrum)

Question 41

What is the primary clinical manifestation of Johne's disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis?

Answer 41

Chronic diarrhea and weight loss in ruminants

Question 42

What is the primary diagnostic method for detecting Mycobacterium bovis?

Answer 42

Tuberculin test (skin test)

Question 43

Which species are primarily affected by Mycobacterium avium complex?

Answer 43

Poultry and occasionally small children

Question 44

What is the significance of the caudal fold test in cattle?

Answer 44

It is used for tuberculosis testing

Question 45

What are the clinical signs of canine leproid granuloma complex?

Answer 45

Nodular or ulcerated masses

Question 46

What is the treatment for leprosy caused by Mycobacterium leprae?

Answer 46

Approximately 2 years of antibiotics

Question 47

What type of bacteria is Nocardia and how does it present?

Answer 47

Gram positive, pleomorphic rods; presents with deep tissue infections

Question 48

What is a common complication associated with Streptococcus equi subsp. equi infection?

Answer 48

Purpura hemorrhagica (Type III hypersensitivity reaction)

Question 49

What is the significance of the virulence factor lipoarabinomannan in Rhodococcus equi?

Answer 49

It influences macrophage response

Question 50

What is the primary host for Mycobacterium bovis?

Answer 50

Cattle, but it also affects humans and wildlife