Para3 Flashcards
What is the taxonomic group of Eimeria macusaniensis?
Protozoan
Eimeria macusaniensis is classified under the Apicomplexan group.
What is the infectious life stage of Eimeria macusaniensis?
Oocyst (unsporulated and sporulated)
Oocysts are the primary infectious form of this protozoan.
How is Eimeria macusaniensis transmitted?
Fecal/oral ingestion of sporulated oocyst
Sporulated oocysts are ingested to initiate infection.
What clinical signs are associated with Eimeria macusaniensis infection?
- Bloody diarrhea
- Loss of condition +/- sudden death
- Lethargy
- Abdominal distension
Clinical signs are primarily due to cellular destruction in the GI tract.
What type of reproduction occurs in Eimeria macusaniensis?
- Asexual (merogany)
- Sexual (gametogany)
Both asexual and sexual reproduction are part of its life cycle.
What is the definitive host of Eimeria macusaniensis?
Camelids
This species is highly host-specific to camelids.
What diagnostic methods can be used for Eimeria macusaniensis?
- Fecal floatation
- Histology might be helpful postmortem
These methods can help identify the presence of the parasite.
What is the key morphological feature of Eimeria macusaniensis oocysts?
Large, brown unsporulated oocyst
The morphology is crucial for identification.
What is the pathogenesis of Eimeria macusaniensis?
Invasion of GI cells leading to cellular destruction
This destruction results in clinical signs such as diarrhea and lethargy.
Eimeria tenella is classified under which taxonomic group?
Apicomplexan
Eimeria tenella is another important protozoan affecting poultry.
What is the infectious life stage of Eimeria tenella?
Sporulated oocyst
This is the form that leads to infection after ingestion.
What are the key clinical signs of Eimeria tenella infection in poultry?
- High mortality in young birds
- Bloody diarrhea
- Epithelial sloughing
- Hemorrhage
The destruction of intestinal tissues leads to these severe clinical signs.
What is the transmission route for Eimeria tenella?
Fecal/oral ingestion of contaminated feed and water
This route is common for many coccidian infections.
What type of hosts does Histomonas meleagridis infect?
Galinaceous fowl; Chickens, Turkeys, Peafowl, Pheasants
This protozoan primarily affects birds, especially turkeys.
What is the primary vector for Histomonas meleagridis?
Heterakis gallinarum
This nematode plays a crucial role in the life cycle of Histomonas.
What are the clinical signs of Histomonas meleagridis infection?
- Blackhead in turkeys
- Yellow diarrhea
- Ruffled feathers
- Liver lesions
These signs are indicative of histomoniasis.
What form does Histomonas meleagridis take during its life cycle?
Trophozoite (no cyst form)
The trophozoite is the active feeding form of this protozoan.
What is the method of reproduction for Histomonas meleagridis?
Asexual (binary fission)
This is the method through which Histomonas multiplies.
