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Year 5 😊✌🏼 > Viral Hepatitis > Flashcards

Viral Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of infectious hepatitis

A

primary
Hep A-E

Secondary
EBV
CMV
HIV
Adenovirus
…

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2
Q

ASDFGHJKL;P’;’[PL./’PL./P./PL./’L./PTransmission of Hep A

A

Face oral route
person to person contact
contaminated food or drink

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3
Q

incubation period of Hep A

A

4w - check

6-8

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4
Q

Sx of acute hep

A

fever
malaise
fatigue
anorexia
abdo pain
jaundice
dark urine
pale stool
pruritus

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5
Q

Hep A lab Ix

A

Anti HAV IgM (if ALT >500 u/L

may be negative in week 1 of sx

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6
Q

When should you request Hep A IgM?

A

if ALT > 500 u/L

in that phase it is too early and would not be detectable -> false reassurance

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7
Q

How long should people isolate for with Hep A?

A

7d from Sx onset

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8
Q

should you report Hep A?

A

yes

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9
Q

should you report Hep A?

A

yes

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10
Q

Complications

A

XXXXXX

  • cirrhosis (child-push score) - transient elasticity? shows amount of fibrosis
  • HCC (APF and imaging)
  • polyarteritis nodosa????
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11
Q

Incubation period of Hep B

A

2-6m

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12
Q

Transmission of Hep B

A

parental
sex
materno fetal

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13
Q

Acute Hep A inf

A

if <5yo 90% are asyx but 90% progress to chronic hep B inf
adults 20-40% ssxx, 10% progress to chronic hep B

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14
Q

Hep B serology

A

HBsAg - current HBV infection
HBeAg - high viral replicaation/high infectivity
HBcIgM - acute infection <3m
AntiHBc - exposure to HBV, past or present HBV infection
AntiHBe - immune control, imminent or already achieved eAg clearance
AantiHBs - immunity (natural or induced via vaccination)

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15
Q

What Hb serology marker shows current infection?

A

HBsAg

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16
Q

Wich HepB antibody is positive if someone had vaccine but never infection?

A

ANti-HBs

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17
Q

What drives considerations for treatment of Hep B?

A

viral load

18
Q

Mx of Hep B

A
  1. pegylated IFN-a (bad flue like sx)
  2. neucleos(t)ide analogues (entecavir, tenofovir, long term oral treatment)
19
Q

prevention of Hep B

A

vaccination
screening in pregnancy

20
Q

Mum has Hep B in pregnancy Mx

A

HbsAG + EAG - VACCINE AT BRTH

OTHER WITH HBIG AT BIRTH AND VACCINE

21
Q

Hep C global prevalence

A

1%

22
Q

Transmission of Hep C

A

blood products
sharing needles
sharing bank notes tto insufflate reacreational drugs

23
Q

incubation period for Hep C

A

2w-6m

24
Q

acute Hep C infection

A

mostly asymptomatic
20-40$ spsontenoussly clear inf
40-60% progress to chronic infection

25
Q

complications of Hep C infection

A
26
Q

Tests for Hep B

A

Anti HCV
HCV PCR

27
Q

Management of HepC

A

now curable disease - every pt should be considered for treatment (1 pill/day for 12 weeks), very good against all genotypes.//

direct-acting antivirals

every p

28
Q

Prevention of Hep C///o

A

no vaccine
screening of blood products

29
Q

Pt has anti-HCV reactive , HCV RNA not detected, no fibrosis on fibroscan

A

no hep C (because no RNA)

no treatment required

pt spontaneously cleared the infection and did not develop a chronic infection and no damage to the liver so they do not need any FU

30
Q

Hep D - what does it need to function?

A

needs Hep B co-infection to function

then goes on to destroy hepatocytes

31
Q

Hep D - course of diseaes

A

severe acute disease

low risk of chronic infection

if already infected with Hep B: get chronic Hep D superinfection and this triggers accelerated liver damage and cirrhosis

32
Q

How do we prevent Hep D?

A

prevent Her B
PEP
educate pts with hep B about risky behaviours such as sharing needles, UPSI

33
Q

Hep E - incubation period

A

2-8 w

34
Q

Hep E - disease course

A

mild disease

30% mortality in pregnant women (high ALT and unwell)

chronic infection only if immunocompromised

35
Q

diagnostic assays in Hep E

A

HEV IgM and IgG (immunocompetent)

HEV RNA (immunocompromised - HEV Ab often undetectable)

36
Q

extra hepatic manifestations of viral hepatitis E

A

thrombocytopenia
red cell aplasia
proximal myopathy
necrotising myositis
encephalitis s
ataxia
brachial neuritis
GBS
IgA nephropathy
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

37
Q

Is treatment of acute and chronic Hep C differnet/

A

no its the same, 1 pill every day for 3m/12w

38
Q

Hep B - extrahepatic manifestations

A

polyartereritis nodosa
vassculitis

39
Q

Hep C - extra hep manifestatons

A

cryoglobulineamia

40
Q

what is cryoglobulinaemia an extra hep manifestation of?

A

Hep C

Year 5 😊✌🏼 (53 decks)

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