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Hemolymphatics > Viral & Bacterial Pathogens of the Haemolymph System > Flashcards

Viral & Bacterial Pathogens of the Haemolymph System Flashcards

1
Q

Hemolytic anemia is the…

A

most common infectious anemia

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2
Q

Hemorrhagic anemia may be caused by…

A

blood-sucking parasites

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3
Q

Decreased production of RBC causing anemia is usually due to

A

a chronic infection

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4
Q

What are the 4 main causes of hemolytic anemia in cattle?

A
  • Babesiosis
  • Bacillary hemoglobinuria
  • Leptospirosis
  • Anaplasmosis
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5
Q

Inadequate production of RBC causing anemia in cattle may be due to…

A

Chronic BVDV
Johne’s Dz
Chronic infections like enzootic bovine leukosis

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6
Q

What common pathogen causes anemia in sheep?

A

Mycoplasma ovis

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7
Q

What diseases cause anemia in pigs?

A
  • Leptospirosis
  • Mycoplasma suis
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8
Q

What diseases cause anemia in horses? Are they bacterial, viral, or both?

A
  • EIA (viral)
  • Equine ehrlichiosis (bacterial)
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9
Q

What organisms cause anemia in dogs?

A
  • Mycoplasma hemocanis
  • Ehrlichia canis
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10
Q

What diseases cause anemia in felines?

A
  • FIA
  • FeLV
  • FIV
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11
Q

What pathogens cause anemia in poultry?

A
  • Chick Anemia Virus
  • Aegyptianella pullorus
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12
Q

How do you diagnose infectious causes of anemia?

A
  • find agent by PCR or immunofluorescence
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13
Q

How do you control infectious causes of anemia?

A
  • Vx for some
  • Txt for some
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14
Q

What organisms cause FIA?

A
  • Mycoplasma hemofelis
  • Possible (M. hemominutum, M. turicensis)
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15
Q

How is FIA transmitted?

A
  • Biting arthropods
  • young toms biting, fighting
  • intrauterine/colostrum
  • blood transfusion
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16
Q

What clinical signs might you see in acute FIA?

A

fever, jaundice, anemia, splenomegaly

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17
Q

What clinical signs might you see in chronic FIA?

A

weakness, emaciation, anemia

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18
Q

Concurrent infections of what diseases may occur w/ FIA?

A

FeLV or FIV infections

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19
Q

FIA cats are considered…. after they recover.

A

Long-term carriers

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20
Q

How would you diagnose FIA?

A
  • serial blood smears (insensitive)
  • PCR
  • Hematology (regen. anemia)
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21
Q

How would you control FIA?

A
  • choose blood donors carefully
  • treat w/ antibiotics
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22
Q

What organism causes bacillary hemoglobinuria?

A

Clostridium hemolyticum

23
Q

how would you diagnose Bacillary hemoglobinuria?

A
  • Liver impression smear on PME w/ FA staining
  • PCR
24
Q

Coagulopathy due to hemorrhagic anemia can lead to what two conditions?

A
  • DIC
  • Thrombocytopenia
25
Overwhelming viral and bacterial infections can lead to what aspects of DIC?
endotoxemia, vasculitis
26
What conditions in cattle might develop hemorrhagic anemia?
- posterior vena caval thrombosis - Mycotoxins - Heartwater - Anthrax
27
What conditions in sheep might develop hemorrhagic anemia?
- Bacillary hemoglobinuria - Bluetongue - Anthrax
28
What conditions in horses might develop hemorrhagic anemia?
Mycotoxins EVA EIA African horse sickness E. Equi/Anaplasma phagocytophilum
29
What conditions in the dog might develop hemorrhagic anemia?
Lepto infectious canine hepatitis canine monocytic ehrlichiosis Canine cyclic thrombocytopenia Rocky mountain spotted fever
30
What diseases cause splenomegaly in ruminants?
- Salmonellosis - Lymphosarcoma - Anthrax - Anaplasmosis
31
What diseases cause splenomegaly in pigs?
- Salmonellosis - African Swine fever - Eperythrozoon suis
32
What infectious diseases cause splenomegaly in horses?
- Salmonellosis - EIA
33
What diseases cause splenomegaly in the cat?
- Lymphosarcoma
34
What is lymphadenitis?
inflammation of the LN
35
What is lymphangitis?
inflammation of lymphatic vessels
36
What is lymphadenopathy?
swelling of LNs
37
What conditions in cattle might cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, &/or lymphadenopathy?
Cutaneous actinobacillosis TB Enzootic bovine leukosis
38
What conditions in sheep and goats might cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, &/or lymphadenopathy?
Caseous lymphadenitis Tick pyemia Tularemia
39
What conditions in horses might cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, &/or lymphadenopathy?
Strangles Tularemia Strep spp. Sporotrichosis Farcy Ulcerative lymphangitis Epizootic lymphangitis
40
What conditions in cats might cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, &/or lymphadenopathy?
Feline leukemia Feline plague Tularemia
41
What is the mechanism for leukopenia?
- direct damage to circulating leukocytes - effects on production in the bone marrow, LN, Thymus
42
What organism causes tick-borne fever in ruminants?
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
43
What is the vector for tick-borne fever in ruminants?
Ixodes sp.
44
What organisms cause tick-borne fever in horses?
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia equi
45
Which occurs in canine parvovirus: leukopenia or neutrophilia?
Leukopenia
46
What tissues are affected in feline panleukopenia?
- Bone marrow - thymus - lymphoid tissue
47
What disease may cause leukosis/lymphoproliferative disease in cattle?
- Enzootic bovine leukosis
48
What disease(s) might cause feline leukosis or lymphoproliferative diseases?
Feline leukemia/sarcoma virus
49
What disease(s) might cause leukosis or lymphoproliferative diseases in poultry?
Avian leukosis Marek's
50
What are the 4 subgroups of feline leukemia?
- FeLV-A: natural transmission, replication competent - FeLV-B: recombination - FeLV-C: maturation - FeLV-T: genetic insertion causing change to envelope protein
51
What are non-neoplastic clinical signs of FeLV?
Immunosuppression Anemia Enteritis Reproductive failure
52
What are neoplastic clinical signs of FeLV?
lymphoid/lymphosarcoma myeloid thymic lymphoma
53
Name 2 fungi that are pathogens of the hemolymphatic system?
Sporothrix schenkii Histoplasma farciminosum

Hemolymphatics (21 decks)

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