Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > vertebral column > Flashcards

vertebral column Flashcards

1
Q

functions of vertebral column

A

support upper body weight
protect spinal cord and nerves
allow trunk movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

regions of the spine

A

cervical 1-7
thoracic 1-12
lumbar 1-5
sacrum 1-5 fused
coccyx 1-4 fused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

features of a vertebrae bone

A

vertebral body- thick/ bulk/ weight bear and movement

vertebral arch- bony projections protecting nerves- movements

vertebral foramen= nerves travel through his

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

intervertebral canal

A

site of spinal nerves leave the spine

bounded by IVD in front and bone of pedicle above and bellow
z joints are behind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

interbody joint classification

A

modified fibrocartilage joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

characteristics of the interbody joint

A

cartilage end plate= top and bottom

annulus fibrosis- fibrous outside

nucleus pulposis- shock absorption

all 3 from a IVD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

annular fibrosis

A

alternating layers of regular connecting tissue

function= maintain the nucleus pulposis// allow and limit movement

as get lower= in lumbar the fibres differ in the way they run 65- 70 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

end plate

A

cartilage disc

transmit weight to adjacent disc
confine nucleus pulposis/ annular fibres
securing nutrients for disc because the disc is avascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nucleus pulposion

A

shock absorption
when force is rapidly applied it squish down and swells out then annular fibrosis stiffens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how do IVD gain nutrients

A

diffusion from vertebral bodies
imbiding fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lumbar vertebrae in terms of thickness

A

thickest
because more stability and protection
hence why annular fibres run in 65-70 degrees different directions and more vertical

thicker anterior to support lordodic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cervical vertebrae in terms of thickness

A

smaller

nucleus pulposion very small and disapears by 20 because the annular fibrosis begins to degenerate increasing the ability to move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the annular fibrosis limit

A

shear movements due to oblique oreintation

the length on the fibres also allow rocking movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does nucleus pulposis allow weight bearing

A

radial expansion of the nucleus pulposis which causes the tension to develop in the annular fibrosis

push down and out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

functions of interbody joints

A

transmission of load to adjacent vertebrae by end plate

shock absorption

increased effectiness of annular fibrosis

reformation of vertebrae disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lordosis occurs in

A

lumbar and cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

kyphosis occurs in

A

thoracic and sacrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

zygopophyseal joint

A

synovial plane multiaxial

lose articular capsule which is reinforced by ligamentum favum and multifidis

19
Q

Z joint functions

A

determine direction of movenet
determine range of movenet
to bear weight 33 % cervical 15% in lumbar

20
Q

movements of the spine

A

flexion and extension
r/l lateral flexion
r/l rotation

21
Q

cervical region of c3-c7

A

superior articular facets are tipped fwd from coronal plane
large movements because disc degeneration

22
Q

conjunct rotation

A

in cervical spine ipsilateral coupling with lateral flexion

23
Q

thoracic region

A

superior articular facets close to coronal plane
equal rom
all movments are limited by the ribs

24
Q

lumbar region

A

very limited rotation in saggital portion
protection if IVD- coronal portion

x want shear force
decrease risk of hernia
decrease risk of pain
decrease risk of paralysis

25
Q

anterior longnitudal ligament

A

extends from C1 to sacrum
attach to all anterior bodies and disc
limits extension

26
Q

posterior longitude ligament

A

extends from C2 to sacrum
attach to posterior durfaces inside foramen
sperated from vertebral bodies by venous plexus

limit flexion

27
Q

ligamentum flavum

A

back of laminar to front
significant amount of elastic fibres
connects lamminate to adjacent vertebrae
protect neural tissue

break flexion
protect z joint

28
Q

supraspinous ligament

A

C7 to sacrum

limit flexion

29
Q

interspinous ligament

A

connects spinous process
limit flexion

30
Q

intratransverse ligament

A

connect transverse process

limits lateral flexion

31
Q

atlas

A

C1
holds the head
no vertebral body- instead 2 lateral masses united by 2 arches
anterior and posterior arch with tubercles

superior artciular facets are elongated and concaved/ deep

32
Q

axis

A

c2
body
spinous process
dens- condonloid process

33
Q

atlanto-occipital joints

A

synovial/ biaxial/ elipsoid

superior articular facets with occipital condyles

when they lateral flexion occurs their is contralteral rotation

34
Q

atlanto-axial joint

A

medium- synovial/ pivot/ uniaxial
facet of dens with dens

lateralx 2 - synovial plane multiaxial
inferior articular facet/ superior articular facet

c1 rotates on c2

35
Q

atlanto-occipital membrane

A

anterior- anterior arch of c1 to margin of foramen magnum

posterior- posterior arch of c1 to posterior foramen magnum

limit all movement

36
Q

transvers ligament

A

spans between 2 lateral masses of c1
wraps around dens posteriorly to hold it in place

limit anterior glide of c1 in flexion

37
Q

curicform ligament

A

limit flexion of head

superior up to foramen magnum

38
Q

apical ligament of dens

A

tip of dens to anterior foramen magnum

39
Q

alar ligament

A

winged top dens to medial sides of occiptal condyles

limit flex
lat flex
contralteral rotation

40
Q

tectorial ligament

A

extend of posterior longitude ligament

posterior surface of c2- anterior margin of foramen magnum

limit head flexion

41
Q

atlanto- axial membrane

A

anterior- anterior arch c1 to anteiro body c2

posterior- psoterior arch c1 to vertebral arch c2

42
Q

ligamentum nuche/ spetum

A

spinous process c7 to occipital bone
expansion of supraspinous

43
Q

joints of lower cervical spine c3- c7

A

z joints

interbody joints- secondary cartilaginous

uncovertebral

44
Q

uncovertebral joints

A

synovial

lateral aspects of vertebral body above with uncinate process bottom vertebrae

develop as IVD degenerate

increase ROM

Anatomy (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions