skull

Question 1

cranial bones

Answer 1

8
2x temporal
2x parital
frontal
occipital
sphenoid
ethmoid

Question 2

facial bones

Answer 2

14
2x nasal
2x maxilla
2x lacrimal
2x zygomatic
2x palatine
2x inferor nasal conchae
vomer
mandible

Question 3

adult skull vs child skull

Answer 3

adult- more elongated child= more round

sinus canal in adults run superiorly child run inferor

gaps= fontenal= cartilage helps skull reduce in child birth

Question 4

Temporal mandibular joint

Answer 4

synovial, biaxial condyloid

-elevation, depresion// retraction, protraction

mandibular fossa of temporal bone with the condyle of mandible

Question 5

articular disc in TMJ joint

Answer 5

-anterior condyle/ temporal bone posterior/ articular capsule

increase articular fit
provide muscle attachment
divide cavity into upper and lower= allows roll in lower and slide in upper to occur at same time

disc- mandible= tight
disc- temporal- lose

Question 6

temporomandibular ligament lateral

Answer 6

zygomatic bone to back of neck of mandible

limits retraction and depression

Question 7

stylomandibular ligament

Answer 7

styloid process to fwd angle of mandible

limits protraction and depression

Question 8

sphenomandibular ligament

Answer 8

sphenoid to medial surface of mandible ramus

limits depression and retraction

Question 9

mastication

Answer 9

chewing food- elevation/ depression/ protraction/ retraction

muscles- masster temporalis medial pteygoid lateral pteygoid

Question 10

mastication elevation

Answer 10

masseter, temporalis, medial pteygoid

Question 11

mastication depression

Answer 11

gravity= eccentric control from elevators

lateral pteygoid

Question 12

mastifcation protraction

Answer 12

medial pteygoid
lateral pteygoid
masseter

Question 13

mastification retraction

Answer 13

temporalis

Question 14

hyoid bone

Answer 14

no bone articulation
suspended by muscle

suspends the larynx and voice box
located oposite to c3

Question 15

suprahyoid muscles

Answer 15

elevatedigastric
styohyoid
mylohyoid
geniohyoid

swalling raise roof of larynx to meet epilogttis prevetning food in trachea

Question 16

infrahyoid muscles

Answer 16

stenohyoid
omohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

depress larynx
stabilise hyoid bone

Question 17

cranial nerve pairs

Answer 17

12

Question 18

cranial nerve for mastification muscles

Answer 18

V

Question 19

facial expressions cranial nerve

Answer 19

VII

Question 20

suprahyoid muscles cranial nerves

Answer 20

anterior belly digastric/ myohyoid- V
posterior / styohyoid- VII

Question 21

infrahyoid muscle inervations

Answer 21

c1, c2, c3, c4

Question 22

skin of face cranial nerve

Answer 22

V

Question 23

lining of mouth and nose cranial nerve

Answer 23

V

Question 24

skin of neck inervation

Answer 24

c1, c2, c3, c4

Question 25

pharynx

Answer 25

fibromuscular tube for respiration/ digestion

inferior C6

nasopharynx- chonacae- tip of soft palate

oropharynx- tipe of soft palate to superior tip of epiglotis

laryngopharynx- tip of eppiglotis to inferior edge of layrnx

Question 26

external muscles of pharynx

Answer 26

constrictors- circular orientation- cranial nerve 10
squeeze bolus down

Question 27

internal muscles of pharynx

Answer 27

elevators
salpingopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus
cranial nerve 10

stylopharyngeus=- cranial nerve 9

Question 28

swallowing

Answer 28

degulation

initiated when bolus stimulating sensory nerve in orophyarnx

Question 29

swallowing stage 1

Answer 29

voluntary
muscles of cheek, tongue, oral cavity
reduc capacity
tongue- chute pass bolus on

bccinators- prevent food lateral to teeth
suprhyoid- raise floor of mouth
intrinsic- elevate anterior tongue
extrinsic- raise sides of tongue

Question 30

swallowing stage 2

Answer 30

involuntary
muscles of soft palate and pharynx

soft palate raise and closes of nasal cavity
internal/ longitudal pharynx- pull pharynx superior
suprahyoid- pull superior close of layrnx
tongue bulges - prevent food back
internal and external circular contraction

Question 31

larynx

Answer 31

airway passage
sphincter
speech production

protect lower airwau
prevent entry
produce mechanisim to clear lower airway
produce sound

Question 32

larynx cartilage

Answer 32

singular- eppiglotis, thryoid, cricoid

paired- artenod
cirniculate
cuneiform