Gait

Question 1

Gait

Answer 1

limb motion to move forward in two stages

stance- 60 percent in contact with floor
swing- 40 percent

Question 2

stride

Answer 2

one gait cycle
it is the same foot making contact again

broken into 3
weight acceptance
and
single limb support
and
swing

Question 3

step

Answer 3

opposite foot

Question 4

weight acceptance

Answer 4

stance
initial contact- position for limb stance
loading response- shock absorb and weight bear

Question 5

single leg support

Answer 5

mid stance- stability- progress over foot
terminal stance
pre swing

Question 6

swing

Answer 6

initial swing
mid swing
terminal swing

Question 7

joints in initial contact

Answer 7

HIP: 30 degrees flexion hip extenders contract concentrically to pull hip into extension

knee- 5 degrees flexed knee extenders ecccentic to absorb ground contact

ankle- 0-5 degrees dorsiflex ankle dorsis ecccentric to lower foot to ground

Question 8

joints in load response

Answer 8

hip- 5-10 degrees flexion hip extenders to extend hip concentrically to pull into extension

knee- 15-20 flexed knee extenders ecentric to prevent knee collapse

ankle 0-5 degrees ankle dorsies eccentric to lower foot and prevent foot slap

Question 9

joints in mid stance

Answer 9

hip- 5-10 flexed hip exnteders to extend hip to complete pull

knee- 5-10 flexed extend knee concentrically to push knee into extension

ankle- 5-10 dorsiflexion akle plantar ecentric slow fwd motion of shaft

Question 10

joints in terminal stance

Answer 10

hip- 5-10 extension, hip flexers ecentric to control hip extension

knee- 5-10 flex knee flexors concetric to bend knee for clearence

ankle 5-10 dorsiflexion ankle plantar ecentric to continue forward motion

Question 11

joints in pre swing

Answer 11

hip- 10 degrees extension hip flexors flex by concentric pull thigh forward

knee 30-40 degrees flex and knee extensors ecentric to control knee collapse

ankle- 5-10 degrees plantar concentrically to propel

Question 12

hip knee and ankle move in what plane

Answer 12

saggital

Question 13

pelvis moves in

Answer 13

saggital and coronal plane

Question 14

lower limb function in gait

Answer 14

acccel and deccel movement
stabilise body for efficent movement
produce appropriate movement requiered for locomotion

Question 15

at start of stance the hip

Answer 15

flexed moves to less flexed ( extension )
then in swing phase moves from extension to flexion ( flexion _
allow pelvis and trunk to be erect
heel strike is start of gait

Question 16

knee during gait is

Answer 16

always flexed to decrease shock absorption
greatest flexion is 60 degrees for clearence

Question 17

ankle in gait will

Answer 17

1- plantarflex- reduce impact of heel strike
2- dorsiflex- advance body weight over foot
3- plantarflex- to prepare limb for swing
4- dorsiflex- during swing allows for clearence of foot

Question 18

pelvic motion in gait

Answer 18

pelvis drops to non supported limb side
activate of controlateral glue medius and minimus if not leads to trendelbery gait

small tilt anterior and posterior 5 degrees

Question 19

pelvis in heel strike

Answer 19

posterior tilit

Question 20

pelvis in mid stance

Answer 20

anterior tilt

Question 21

pelvis in swing

Answer 21

anterior tilt

Question 22

pelvis in pre swing

Answer 22

posterior tilt

Question 23

trunk movement in gait

Answer 23

thorax and shoulder
upper limb swings contralaterally

Question 24

centre of gravity

Answer 24

point body weight is most concentrated
in anatomical position it is at s2 on sacrum anterior

lowest in double support

Question 25

movement on centre of gravity

Answer 25

lateral- due to lateral transfer of leg 4cm total

limit this to
minimise energy expenditure
limit wear and tear of musculoskeletal

Question 26

inversion and eversion to COG

Answer 26

shock absorb
limits inferior and superior

Question 27

plantarflexion to cog

Answer 27

limit inferior

Question 28

anterior pelvic rotation to cog

Answer 28

limit inferior

Question 29

knee flexion support phase to cog

Answer 29

limit superior

Question 30

anterior pelvic in swing to cog

Answer 30

limit superior in early

Question 31

wide stance limits

Answer 31

cog shift

Question 32

windlass effeect

Answer 32

Describes how when the toes are extended, tension is placed on the aponeurosis​

This raises the longitudinal arches, and stores energy​

When the toes are extended, the tension is released, producing propulsion for gait ​

Question 33

pelvis in trendelenberg gait will

Answer 33

drop on the opposite side when the weak side is in stance phase

it lifts on the weak side in stance