The Knee Flashcards
classify the knee joint
tibiofemoral joint
condyloid
synovial
biaxial ( FLEX/ EXT) (ROTATE
articular surfaces in joint tibofemroal
femoral- condyles
- convex/ medial is bigger
tibial- condyles
-flat- less congurent
- spred by intercondylar emmenice
articular surface in joint patellofemoral
synovial
plane
uniaxial- glidding
patella surface of femur
patella function
seasamoid- encased by tendons and provides mechanical advantage to knee when extending
joint capsule of knee
incomplete and thin
attach to femoral condyles and tibial condyle
knee retinacula
either side of the patella tendon
reinforces the joint capsule because incomplete
bursae of knee
pes aserine- medial tib- doesn’t communicate with the capsule
supratellar- large extend from superior to tibia- does communicates with the capsule
infrapatellar- doesnt com with cap
prepatella- doesn’t communicate with capsule
extracapsular ligaments
fibular collateral ligament
tibial collateral ligament
popliteal ligament
patella ligament
oblique popliteal ligament
arcuate ligament
anterolaxal ligament
fibular collateral ligament
lateral/ small string like structure
from femoral condyles to head of fibula
limits extention/ lateral rotation
prevents adduction
popliteofibular ligament
popliteus tendon to apex head of fibula
limits lateral rotation
tibial collateral ligament
broad/ larger medial
femoral condyles to tibial condyles
limits extention/ medial rotation
prevents abduction
patella ligament
patella to tibial tuberosity
mechanical advantage in knee extention
oblique popliteal ligament
strengthnd centeral posterior joint capsule
superiolaterally on femur
arcurate
small ligament posterior near the lateral collateral runs vertically
limits knee extention
anterolateral ligament
lateral femoral condyle to bw anterolateral tubercle
stabilasier for rotation of tibia
intracapsular ligament
ACL
PCL
posterior meniscofemoral
ACL
attaches anterior intercondyle area posteriomedial surface of lateral fem condyle
limits medial rotation and medial slide of tibia on femur
prevents anrerior slide of tibia on femur
PCL
posterior intercondylar area of tibia to lateral surface of medial femoral condyle
limits medial rotation
limits posterior slide of tibia on femur
medial rotation
posterior meniscofemoral
runs from lsteral mensicus to pcl
second restraint to support pcl
meniscus
wedges of fibrocartledge
cresent shape
shock absorb
reduce friction
compress
medial is larger
closed pack position
full extention
joint is most congurent
knee extension where femur moves on tibia
roll is in anteriorly
glide is posteriorly
primary restraints
the best located ligament to stabilise the knee
secondary restraints
will also stabilise the knee but when the primary is damaged the secondary will take over but is more suseptible to damage
static movement
passive it is combination of non contractive and bony elements
dynamic movement
muscle acting on or across the knee joint
male joint surfaces rule for movement
if the male surface is moving then roll and slide occur in opposite directions
female joint surface rule for movement
if female surface is moving then roll and spin occur in the same directions
closed chain movement
when the limb is fixed and not freely movable
e.g foot planted
open chain movement
when limb is not fixed and in freely movable