Shoulder/ pectorial girdle

Question 1

the 4 joints of the shoulder

Answer 1

glenohumeral
acromioclavicular
sternoclavicular
scapulothoracic

Question 2

glenohumeral joint classification

Answer 2

synovial
multiaxial
ball and socket
glenoid fossa- shallow
hummeral head- 1/2 spehere

Question 3

features of glenohumeral joint

Answer 3

lack of congrency
and articular fit means it is unstable but it is mobile

JOINT CAPSULE- thin and lax
synovial membrane inside joint where there is no cartlidge

Question 4

glenohumeral joint capsule

Answer 4

thin and laxed
reinforced by rotator cuff muscles, long tricep head tendon, glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligament

on medial margina of gelnoid fossa
lateral margin of neck of humerus
reflects inferior medial shaft of humerus

Question 5

glenoid labrum

Answer 5

fibrocartledge wedge sits on top of the lip
increase mobility= increase SA by amount of bone able to move//

increase stability= increase concavity up to 50 percent

Question 6

stability of gelnohumeral joint

Answer 6

orientation of glenoid fossa when arm is hanging= pendent position
laterally/ slightly anterior/ slightly superior
because humerus has bone lip must move out to dislocate

ligaments across top stop inferior dislocation

Question 7

coracohumeral ligament

Answer 7

from coracoid proccess to greater tubercle

prevents lateral movement T/F inferior dislocation
in pendent position

Question 8

glenohumeral ligament

Answer 8

anterior glenoid rim to humerus

superior: prevents lateral t/f inferior dislocation// limits external rotation

middle: limits external rotation

inferior: prevents anterior dislocation of humerus
when fully flexed of abducted

Question 9

transverse ligament

Answer 9

turns groove into tunel helps protect head of bicep brachi tendon in place

Question 10

coracromial ligament

Answer 10

acromial proccess to coracoid proccess
prevent superior dislocation

Question 11

acromioclavicle joint classify

Answer 11

synovial, plane, multiaxial
acromial end of clavicle and anterior medial acromium

capsule loose and reinforced by ligaments

intra-articulate disc articular fit and shock absorbtion

Question 12

AC JOINT LIGAMENTS

Answer 12

extracapsular

coraclavicular ( from coracoid proccess to clavicle)

• conoid part attach to conoid tubercle// verticle
  more medially limits protraction of the scapula.
  when it is tight rotates clavicle increase ROM
• trapazoid part- more lateral/ oblique
  limit scapula retraction
  prevents medial dislocation of scapula

Question 13

sternoclavicle joint classify

Answer 13

stable joint
synovial multiaxial plane

stenral end of clavicle- male
clavicular end of sternum female
costal cartledge of 1st rib

Question 14

sternoclavicular joint facts

Answer 14

stable because blood supply goes through so dont want to squish

2 seperate synovial membranes
intra articular disc prevents superior dislocation of clavicle its not parallel to shock absorb and then can’t pop out

Question 15

sternoclavicular ligament

Answer 15

bilaminar 2 layers

anterior- limit retraction/ liit elevation of clavicle

posterior- limit protraction/ limit elevation of clavicle

Question 16

costoclavicle ligament

Answer 16

rib 1- clavicle

limits elevation protraction retraction

acts as a pivot point for clavicle decrease move at sternum end but increase at lateral end

Question 17

scapulothroacic

Answer 17

not a true joint because scapula is embded in ,uscle of
subscapularus and soratis anterior

rest position
anterior 10-20
internal rotate 30-45
upward lift 3

Question 18

scapulothoracic joint movements

Answer 18

elevation/ depresion
ab and ad duction
upward and downward rotation
internal and external rotatation
anterior and posterior tilit

protraction and retraction

Question 19

protraction

Answer 19

abduction internal rotation

Question 20

retraction

Answer 20

adduction and external rotation

Question 21

what increase ROM OF pectorial gidle

Answer 21

change position of glenoid fossa - keeps head of humerus on fossa
use clavicle as a strut

holds shoulder away from trunk
allows abd and flexion to be 180 degrees instead of 120

Question 22

why no energy use to maintain pendent position

Answer 22

because orientation of fossa
tension in ligaments

Question 23

movements of scapula because

Answer 23

not anatomical joint but it is functional
scapula moves on thoracic cage

muscle pull superior for elevation
muscles move together or retraction

Question 24

upward and downward rotation of scapula

Answer 24

inferior angle is point of reference
glenoid fossa is point of interest

Question 25

scapulohumeral rythm

Answer 25

2:1
2 degres glenohumeral 1 degrees scapulothoracic

glen joint first
SC JOINT NECT
AC JOINT LAST

SCAPULA LITTLE TO NO MOVE FIRST 30 DEGREES abd
sternoclavicular joint moves
sc joint associated with clavicle elevation
ac joint clavicle rotation

maintain muscle at optimal length for effective contraction deltoid and rotator cuff

Question 26

rotator cuff muscles

Answer 26

dynamic stability
supraspinatus- abduction
infraspinustus- posterior location / synergist / external rotation
teresminor- posterior location/ synergist/ external rotation
subscapularus- anterior- internal roation/ synergist

maintain medial force on head to hold in glenoid fossa
accurate position of head in fossa
always active when move

Question 27

abduction

Answer 27

deltoid agonist pull superior
medial/ inferior force of rc muscle

synergist part of subscapularus and infraspinatus
prevent superior glide of humerus

Question 28

is the gelnohumeral joint apart of the pectorial girdle

Answer 28

no

Question 29

what are the degrees of movement of the joints in abduction of shoulder

Answer 29

180 degrees- of the glenohumeral joint
60 degrees of the scapulothoracic

because won’t move until after the first 30 degrees