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CVR Biweekly 1 > Vectors and ECG > Flashcards

Vectors and ECG Flashcards

1
Q

action potentials along the heart cause an electrical signal where that is recorded on ECG w/ leads

A

body surface

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2
Q

p wave

A

atria depolarization

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3
Q

PQ segment (PR)

A

conduction through AV node, but too small to yield signal (baseline);entire atria depolarized

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4
Q

QRS complex

A

ventricular depolarization

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5
Q

ST segment

A

entire ventricle depolarized and has surface voltage of zero (baseline)

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6
Q

T wave

A

repolarization of ventricles

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7
Q

electrical depolarization of atria aka

A

wave of depolarization

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8
Q

wave of depolarization is detected as - signal coming towards positive electrode on skin surface, but what is actually happening inside the heart

A

positive charge is taking over (Na influx) and pushing - charge out

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9
Q

depolarization stimulus moving toward a positive skin electrode causes an _________ wave to be recorded on ECG

A

upward wave (positive wave—-positive deflection)
seen in #1

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10
Q

3

A

isoelectric (biphasic deflection)

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11
Q

4

A

negative deflection

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12
Q

happens when signal moves away from positive electrode on surface of skin

A

negative deflection

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13
Q

what happens to the strength of signal when there is a bigger mass of tissue

A

makes signal larger

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14
Q

a wave of REPOLARIZATION traveling toward a positive electrode

A

negative deflection

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15
Q

a wave of REPOLARIZATION traveling away from positive electrode

A

positive deflection

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16
Q
A

standard limb leads

Lead I: 0
Lead II: 60 degrees
Lead III: 120 degrees

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17
Q
A

augmented limb leads

aVR= -150 degrees
aVL= -30 degrees
aVF= 90 degrees

18
Q

normal axis is between what 2 degrees

A

+90 and -30 degrees

19
Q
A

normal axis deviation

20
Q
A

Right axis deviation

21
Q
A

Left axis deviation

22
Q
A

Extreme axis deviation

23
Q

where is the mean vector

A

lead III big + deflection so points towards it

24
Q

where is the mean vector

A

lead III major - deflection so points opposite from it

25
Q

leads helpful in detecting Myocardial Infarction

A

chest leads (precordial leads)

26
Q

chest leads are showing us what

A

how the heart is functioning taken at different angles

27
Q

size of small box

A

0.04

28
Q

size of big box

A

0.2

29
Q

first negative deflection following P wave

A

Q wave

30
Q

first positive deflection following P wave

A

R wave

31
Q

negative deflection following R wave

A

S wave

32
Q

voltage that goes positive after an S wave

A

R’

33
Q

example of R’ (positive voltage after S wave)

A

RBBB (right bundle branch block)

34
Q

what happens if the P-R interval (time from start of P to start of QRS complex) is longer than normal

A

would mean conduction through AV node is slow—-> 1st degree heart block

35
Q

time to depolarize entire ventricle

A

QRS interval

36
Q

happens if QRS interval is longer than normal

A

heart hypertrophy or failing ventricle

37
Q

depolarization + repolarization of ventricle

A

Q-T interval

38
Q

long Q-T syndrome is associated with what

A

increased risk of sudden death

39
Q

what 2 things decrease Q-T interval (normal)

A

exercise and sympathetic input

40
Q

why should PR and ST segments be isoelectric (baseline)?

A

b/c there is no charge difference (the atria and ventricles are completely depolarized)

41
Q

how to calculate rate on ECG

A

count of method: R wave to next R wave (QRS to QRS)
1st QRS complex to end of first large box=300
2nd large box=150
3rd large box=100
4th=75
5th=60
6th=50

CVR Biweekly 1 (19 decks)

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