Gross Anatomy Flashcards
Right dominant heart meaning
R coronary artery supplies AV node and posterior ventricles and 1/3 inter ventricular septum
Left dominant heart meaning
Circumflex artery supplies AV node and posterior ventricles and 1/3 inter ventricular septum
trauma to heart leading to rapid filling of pericardial space
cardiac tamponade
groove between right atrium and right ventricle
coronary sulcus
groove between left and right ventricles
interventricular sulcus
artery that supplies the SA node
R coronary artery
supplies AV node in R dominant heart
R coronary artery
Posterior Descending Artery (term used in clinic is aka…)
Posterior Interventricular Artery
Left Anterior Descending (LAD) is aka…
Anterior Interventricular Artery
supplies Bundle of His, anterior 2/3rds of interventricular septum and R and L bundle branches of conducting system
LAD/anterior interventricular artery
supplies AV node in left dominant heart; supplies L atrium and ventricle
Circumflex artery
drains R ventricle and runs w/ R marginal artery anteriorly
small cardiac vein
drains L ventricle and runs with LAD anteriorly (left anterior descending artery)
great cardiac vein
posteriorly runs with Circumflex artery
Great cardiac vein
posteriorly runs w/ R coronary artery
Small cardiac vein
vein that runs in interventricular sulcus and with posterior descending artery on posterior heart
middle cardiac vein
receives blood from coronary veins and empties into R atrium
coronary sinus
this chamber of heart has opening for the coronary sinus
R atrium
muscles seen only on internal walls of heart in atria
pectinate muscles
muscles seen only in internal walls of heart in ventricles
trabeculae carneae
only part of conducting system that you can see and it causes contraction at apex of heart
moderator band
has thickest walls b/c pumps blood out into circulation
L ventricle
spot right below aortic valve in L ventricle
aortic vestibule
area right below pulmonary valves in R ventricle
Conus Arteriosus (or Infundibulum)
1st heart sound (“lub”)
closing of AV valves (mitral and tricuspid)
2nd heart sound (“dup”)
closing of pulmonic and aortic valves
period of systole between what
S1 and S2
auscultation site for aortic heart sound
2nd intercostal space on the right
auscultation site for pulmonic heart sound
2nd intercostal space on left
auscultation site for mitral heart sound
5th intercostal space on L midclavicular line (just below L nipple)
auscultation site for tricuspid heart sound
parasternal- 5th intercostal space on left
conduction pathway of heart on RIGHT side
SA to AV to Bundle of His to moderator band to purkinge fibers
intrinsic innervation of heart on L side
bundle branch to purkinge fibers
3 main functions of fibrous skeleton of heart
- support valves
- muscle attachment
- electrical insulation
extrinsic innervation of the heart
L and R Vagus
cardiac plexus
pulmonary plexus
role of sympathetic efferents to the heart
increase force and rate of contractions
role of parasympathetic efferents to the heart
decrease rate and force of contractions
role of sympathetic afferents from the heart
carry pain due to ischemia
role of parasympathetic afferents from heart
carry info. about blood volume and chemistry
where does heart pain radiate to
back and arms
- A 68-year-old male patient in the cardiology ward complains at each mealtime of difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia). Radiographic studies reveal significant cardiac hypertrophy. A barium swallow, followed by radiographic examination of the thorax, reveals esophageal constriction directly posterior to the heart. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s dysphagia?A. Mitral valve stenosis
B. Pulmonary valve stenosis
C. Regurgitation of the aorta
D. Occlusion of the anterior interventricular artery
E. Occlusion of the posterior interventricular artery
A. Mitral Valve Stenosis (Left atrium and ventricle are posterior to heart and resting on top of esophagus)
the entire interventricular septum can be further divided into two parts
muscular and membranous
function of interventricular septum
separates the ventricles
allows for proper blood flow through the heart
support structure for R ventricle during systole
