Vasculitis Flashcards
What is vasculitis
Inflammation of the blood vessels with schema, necrosis, organ inflammation
what type of vessel can it affect
arteries, arterioles, veins, venules or capillaries
Is primary vasculitis idiopathic?
Yup can be
What can secondary vasculitis be triggered by
infection, drug, toxin
What are the 2 main types of large vessel vasculitis called?
takayasu arteritis and giant cell arteritis
What does takayasu most commonly affect
women under 40 in asia
What age group does GCA affect
over 50 and causes temporal arteritis
What is commonly found with large vessel vasculitis
bruit, BP, claudication, hypertension, tenderness of vessel
Is there an association with polymyalgia rheumatic and temporal arteritis
yes
what are symptoms of temporal arteritis
headache, jaw claudication, scalp tenderness, prominent temporal artery
What investigations are used with temporal arteritis
ESR, viscosity, CRP, biopsy
What is the gold standard treatment of temporal arteritis
prednisolone low dose, steroids may be used sparingly
What are 2 conditions seen in medium vessel disease and what do they affect commonly
kawasaki disease and polyarteritis nodosa- both affect kidneys, gut and skin and associated with Hep B
What is kawasaki disease
occurs in children under 5, affects coronary arteries
What is polyarteritis nodosa
necrotising inflammatory lesions resulting in aneurysm formation
What are the ANCA associated small vessel diseases
granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis
What is granulomatosis with polyangiitis formerly known as and what happens?
Wegeners, inflammation of respiratory tract.
What is churg strauss syndrome now called, and what does it do
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and inflammation of respiratory tract
What age does G with polyangiitis occur at and what are some symptoms
35-55 and mouth ulcers, sinusitis, cough, infiltrates, purpora, necrotising glomerulonephritis, conjunctivitis, uveitis
Is asthma associated with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
110%
What criteria is for diagnosing eosinophilic GPA
asthma, eosinophilia >10% in blood, paranasal sinusitis, infiltrates, polyneuropathy
What is used to detect ANCAS in blood?
immunofluorescence
cANCA is what
granulomatosis with polyangiitis
what is pANCA
eosinophilic GPA
What is management of vasculitis
methotrexate and steroids (azathioprine and steroids), cyclophosphamide and steroids if systemic
What is henoch schonlein purpura
acute immunoglobulin A disorder, GI tract, respiratory tract, skin, joints affected
What is the most common infection in HSP
Stop A
What test is essential in HSP
urinalysis
