Microbiology

Question 1

What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis

Answer 1

S Aureus

Question 2

What organism typically causes Prosthetic joint infection?

Answer 2

Coag -ve or Staph Epidermidis

Question 3

What is kingella

Answer 3

a bacterial infection that occurs in children

Question 4

What are acute signs of BJI

Answer 4

swelling, redness, pain, reduced mobility, temperature Kids: cranky, not playing

Question 5

What makes up SIRS?

Answer 5

Temp >38 or less than 36, HR>90, RR>20, WBC>12000 or

Question 6

How is septic arthritis spread

Answer 6

Haematogenous, direct, contiguous- MSSA or strep

Question 7

How would you diagnose septic arthritis

Answer 7

Blood culture, CRP, U and E, FBC, aspirate fluid, radiography

Question 8

What is the treatment for S Aureus

Answer 8

Flucloxacililin

Question 9

What would you give to treat kingella

Answer 9

Flucloxacillin +/- ceftriaxone

Question 10

What is osteomyelitis

Answer 10

inflammation of the bone and cavity

Question 11

What is arthritis

Answer 11

infection of the joint space

Question 12

How could arthritis occur?

Answer 12

If treatment is suboptimal

Question 13

How can osteomyelitis be spread?

Answer 13

haematogenous, contiguous, PVD, prosthesis

Question 14

What is the most common spread of osteomyelitis

Answer 14

haematogenous

Question 15

Where does osteomyelitis most commonly effect?

Answer 15

tibia/femur

Question 16

SIRS is usually present in chronic infection, true or false

Answer 16

false

Question 17

How would you diagnose osteomyelitis

Answer 17

blood culture, CRP, FBC, U&E, bone biopsy, Flucloxacilin

Question 18

What are risk factors for prosthetic joint infections

Answer 18

rheum arthritis, diabetes, immunocompromised, malnourished

Question 19

How would you determine if Co ag -ve is present

Answer 19

biofilm layer

Question 20

How would you treat PJI?

Answer 20

prosthetic removal, bone cement, then reimplant of joint after antibiotic treatment

Question 21

What is necrotising fasciitis

Answer 21

inflammation of the skin and connective tissue

Question 22

Is there a high mortality on necrotising fasciitis

Answer 22

yes 20-47%

Question 23

\how would you treat Necrotising fasciitis

Answer 23

surgical debridement, penicillin, clindamycin,

Question 24

How would you treat gas gangrene

Answer 24

Surgical debridement, metronidazole, penicillin +/- barbaric oxygen

Question 25

What antibiotic is used to treat tetanus

Answer 25

penicillin and metronidazole

Question 26

What would you use to treat coliform such as klebsiella?

Answer 26

gentamicin

Question 27

What is the tayside protocol for pre op antibiotics

Answer 27

you aint allowed em

Question 28

How many bone samples are required when PJI suspected?

Answer 28

3

Question 29

What would you use to treat gram negative PJI

Answer 29

cotrimoxazole

Question 30

When do bone scans become useful

Answer 30

over a year after surgery

Question 31

What is the deal with surgical prophylaxis?

Answer 31

use

Question 32

What prophylaxis would you use for prosthetic joint or implant?

Answer 32

Co amoxiclav

Question 33

If pen allergic what should you use for prophylaxis?

Answer 33

co trimoxazole

Question 34

What blood tests are useful when considering infectin

Answer 34

CRP and viscosity

Question 35

What is a common cause of acute osteomyelitis in children?

Answer 35

Haemophilus, Strep in adults

Question 36

What musty do if there is pus in a joint?

Answer 36

LET IT OUT

Question 37

What does involucrum mean

Answer 37

forms an extra layer of skin over lesion

Question 38

What would you use to treat cellulitis

Answer 38

flucloxacillin and benzylpenicillin

Question 39

Which are the most common bugs of infection?

Answer 39

Staph aureus and staph epidermidis