Soft tissue knee injuries Flashcards
Which is more mobile, medial or lateral miniscus
lateral
What shape generally is the menisci?
Convex
which meniscus is under more stress?
medial menisci
Which ligament resists valgus stress
MCL
LCL resists what type of stress
varus
what does the ACL resist?
anterior subluxation of tibia and internal rotation of tibia in extension
Which ligament resists posterior subluxation of the tibia and hyperextension of the knee
PCL
What are the 4 types of meniscal tears
longitudinal, bucket handle, radial and parrot beak tear
Which type of people commonly get meniscal tears?
young sports players or getting up from squatting position
60% of ACL ruptures have a meniscal tear too, true or false
false- 50% have ACL and meniscal
How would you investigate a meniscal tear?
MRI
Which is more common, medial or lateral meniscal tears?
Medial
Will radial tears heal?
naw
How would you surgically repair meniscus
arthroscopic meniscectomy
What type of tear would result in locking of knees
bucket handle tear
Does MCL usually heal well?
Yes, unless combined with ACL or PCL
What is most important factor in MCL repair
PHYSIO
What is th only way to fix aCL
reconstruction using patellar tendon or hamstring (semitendinous or semimembraneous)
True or false- arthritis shown on X-ray with ACL repair within 10 years
HELL TO THE YES
How would you typically get a PCL rupture?
direct blow to the anterior tibia or hyperextension
Does PCL need reconstruction?
yes if part of a multilligament injury
In which sex is patellar dislocation more common
females
What sounds can you often hear with an ACL rupture
Pop or snap
IF they are able to play on, is it likely to be serious?
nup- man the fuck up
What ligament damage do you get haemarthrosis in
ACL
When do you get an effusion
in meniscal or chondral injury
What is hyaline cartilage consist of?
water, collagen, proteoglycans, chondrocytes
Can partial thickness injuries heal?
No- only full thickness can heal
What is the healing with?
fibrocartilage
What is osteochondritis dissecans
surface of knee loses its bloody supply and cartilage/ bone can break off
Which form of surgery for cartilage regeneration is the cheapest and easiest?
micro fracture repair
what type of surgery is used for larger defects/ n=bone loss
osteochondral allograft
Should you prescribe injections for early osteoarthritis?
no no no no- steroids are only for acute flare ups
Osteotomy can be used in treatment of early osteoarthritis true or false
true
Should total knee replacements be undertaken in young individuals
no- it will need replaced in 15-20 years anyway and could cause more harm than good, wait out the storm until older
