Imaging Flashcards
is joint involvement in osteoarthritis asymmetrical or symmetrical
asymmetrical
What does LOSS stand for
loss of joint space, osteophytes, sclerosis and subchondral cysts
What does LOSS relate to?
osteoarthritis
Symmetrical bone involvement occurs in which disease?
rheumatoid arthritis
What can you see on X-ray for RA
joint swelling, hyperaemia, panes
What can be seen on X-ray for ankylosing spondylitis and zero negative arthropathies?
sacroiliac and spine involvement, ill defined bone formation
In inflammatory disease, what can an MRI show?
oedema in he bone marrow
What features does x ray show
bone
what does CT show
bone and some soft tissue structures
What does MRI show
soft tissue structures in detail, and bone, ligaments, discs ect
On which imaging device are ligaments seen?
MRI
What colour are damaged ligaments?
light
What are some causes of spinal cord disease
trauma, ischaemia, demyelination, tumour
What clinical features are there to help you
age, setting, ethnicity, trauma, regular GP app
How many views should you take on x ray?
2 or more (particularly in scaphoid fractures oblique view should be considered)
are acute avulsion fractures completely or partially corticated?
partially corticated
What are the main joints where you should assess bony alignment?
acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, radiocapitellar, humerocapitellar and lateral wrist ***look out for the supracondylar fracture
What kind of soft tissue abnormality would you see?
posterior fat pad sign
What does a posterior fat pad sign indicate?
elbow trauma
What kind of injuries can children sustain?
greenstick fractures, buckle fracture and plastic bowing
What is a buckle fracture
a bump in the radius
What do children have that adults dont?
growth plates
True or false, there is normally only 1 fractur
false, there is often more than 1 fracture present (polemint)
Does wood and plastic show up on x ray?
noooooo
What complications would immobility of the lower limb lead to?
dehydration/ starvation, DVT/PE and pneumonia
What are some limitations of x rays?
overlapping anatomical structures, standard projections do not show undisplacement, soft tissue injuries are not seen,
What are some alternatives to x rays
CT, USS, MRI
What happens in intra capsular fractures of the femoral head
loss of blood supply, AVN, hemiarthroplasty
What is the difference between extra capsular and intracapsularfractures
extra capsular does not affect the blood supply or cause AVN and is treated by internal fixation
What can occur with trauma to the knee?
lipohaemarthrosis
How can faulty extensor mechanisms be seen more clearly?
USS
What are the main fracture mimics?
sesamoid bones/ ossification centres
If there was a suspected achilles tendon rupture what imaging device would be best?>
USS- can move it
