Imaging

Question 1

is joint involvement in osteoarthritis asymmetrical or symmetrical

Answer 1

asymmetrical

Question 2

What does LOSS stand for

Answer 2

loss of joint space, osteophytes, sclerosis and subchondral cysts

Question 3

What does LOSS relate to?

Answer 3

osteoarthritis

Question 4

Symmetrical bone involvement occurs in which disease?

Answer 4

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 5

What can you see on X-ray for RA

Answer 5

joint swelling, hyperaemia, panes

Question 6

What can be seen on X-ray for ankylosing spondylitis and zero negative arthropathies?

Answer 6

sacroiliac and spine involvement, ill defined bone formation

Question 7

In inflammatory disease, what can an MRI show?

Answer 7

oedema in he bone marrow

Question 8

What features does x ray show

Answer 8

bone

Question 9

what does CT show

Answer 9

bone and some soft tissue structures

Question 10

What does MRI show

Answer 10

soft tissue structures in detail, and bone, ligaments, discs ect

Question 11

On which imaging device are ligaments seen?

Answer 11

MRI

Question 12

What colour are damaged ligaments?

Answer 12

light

Question 13

What are some causes of spinal cord disease

Answer 13

trauma, ischaemia, demyelination, tumour

Question 14

What clinical features are there to help you

Answer 14

age, setting, ethnicity, trauma, regular GP app

Question 15

How many views should you take on x ray?

Answer 15

2 or more (particularly in scaphoid fractures oblique view should be considered)

Question 16

are acute avulsion fractures completely or partially corticated?

Answer 16

partially corticated

Question 17

What are the main joints where you should assess bony alignment?

Answer 17

acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, radiocapitellar, humerocapitellar and lateral wrist ***look out for the supracondylar fracture

Question 18

What kind of soft tissue abnormality would you see?

Answer 18

posterior fat pad sign

Question 19

What does a posterior fat pad sign indicate?

Answer 19

elbow trauma

Question 20

What kind of injuries can children sustain?

Answer 20

greenstick fractures, buckle fracture and plastic bowing

Question 21

What is a buckle fracture

Answer 21

a bump in the radius

Question 22

What do children have that adults dont?

Answer 22

growth plates

Question 23

True or false, there is normally only 1 fractur

Answer 23

false, there is often more than 1 fracture present (polemint)

Question 24

Does wood and plastic show up on x ray?

Answer 24

noooooo

Question 25

What complications would immobility of the lower limb lead to?

Answer 25

dehydration/ starvation, DVT/PE and pneumonia

Question 26

What are some limitations of x rays?

Answer 26

overlapping anatomical structures, standard projections do not show undisplacement, soft tissue injuries are not seen,

Question 27

What are some alternatives to x rays

Answer 27

CT, USS, MRI

Question 28

What happens in intra capsular fractures of the femoral head

Answer 28

loss of blood supply, AVN, hemiarthroplasty

Question 29

What is the difference between extra capsular and intracapsularfractures

Answer 29

extra capsular does not affect the blood supply or cause AVN and is treated by internal fixation

Question 30

What can occur with trauma to the knee?

Answer 30

lipohaemarthrosis

Question 31

How can faulty extensor mechanisms be seen more clearly?

Answer 31

USS

Question 32

What are the main fracture mimics?

Answer 32

sesamoid bones/ ossification centres

Question 33

If there was a suspected achilles tendon rupture what imaging device would be best?>

Answer 33

USS- can move it