Osteoarthritis

Question 1

What is osteoarthritis

Answer 1

articular cartilage failure, abnormal hardening of bone, loss of joint space, cyst formation

Question 2

Where does osteoarthritis most commonly affect?

Answer 2

hands- most bones on hands (squaring of thumb), feet-1st metatarsalphalangeal, spine, knee and hip

Question 3

What are secondary causes of osteoarthrtitis

Answer 3

rheumatoid arthritis, calcium crystal deposits, genetics, acromegaly, previous injury

Question 4

What are risk factors for osteoarthritits

Answer 4

females, occupation, obestiy, sports, age, muscle weakness

Question 5

How does it typically present?

Answer 5

pain worse on activity and relieved by rest. Morning stiffness

Question 6

What would you find on examination?

Answer 6

crepitus (grating noise), bony enlargements, tenderness and potential effusion?

Question 7

Can you get values and varus in RA?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Where can pain be felt in the hip?

Answer 8

in groin, radiate to knee, pain may be in lower back but radiate to hip

Question 9

What type of cell can impinge on nerve roots no spinal cord?

Answer 9

osteophytes

Question 10

Is RA worse on exercise or better?

Answer 10

worse after resting, better on exercise

Question 11

Would the anti CCP by positive in osteoarthritis?

Answer 11

no- it will be negatve

Question 12

What is the management of osteoarthritis

Answer 12

physio, WL, walking stick, paracetamol, NSAIDS, pain modulators. Potentially steroids or hyaluronic acid, surgery if fully bad!

Question 13

What is gout?

Answer 13

Inflammation of joint triggered by uric acid

Question 14

When does gout most often occur?

Answer 14

After menopause

Question 15

Is gout monoarthopathic or polyarthropathic?

Answer 15

Monoarthopathic (1st MCP- ankle- knee)

Question 16

How long will it takefor acute gout to heal without treatment?

Answer 16

10 days

Question 17

What are investigations for gout?

Answer 17

uric acid serum raised, inflame markers raised, renal impairment, x rays,

Question 18

How would you treat acute attacks of gout

Answer 18

NSAIDS, colchicine, steroids

Question 19

What long term treatment would you use for gout?

Answer 19

Allopurinol, febuxostat + NSAIDS for cover

Question 20

who does calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease affect?

Answer 20

Older generation =- related to osteoarthritis

Question 21

What is CPPD also known as?

Answer 21

Pseudogout

Question 22

How do you treat pseudogout

Answer 22

NSAIDS, colchicine, steroids, rehydration

Question 23

Where does hydroxyapatite affect

Answer 23

shoulder

Question 24

Is soft tissue rheumatism confines or generalised?

Answer 24

usually confined to specific site

Question 25

Hypermobility score must be more than…

Answer 25

4 out of 9