vasculitis Flashcards
types of vasculitis affecting small vessels
HSP
Churg-Strauss syndrome
microscopic polyangiitis
Wegener’s granulomatosis
types of vasculitis affecting medium vessels
polyarteriris nodosa
churg-strauss syndrome
kawasacki disease
types of vasculitis affecting large vessels
giant cell arteritis
takayasu’s arteritis
churg-strauss syndrome AKA
eosinophillic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
wegner’s granulomatosis aka
granulomatosis with polyangiitis
general featrues
purpura joint + muscle pain peripheral neuropathy renal impairment GI disturbance hypertension
fever, fatgiue, weight loss, anaemia
Tests
CRP and ESR
ANCA**
p-ANCA aka
anti-MPO
P-ANCA - what vasculitis
microscopic polyangitis
churg-strauss syndrome
c-ANCA aka
anti-PR3
c-ANCA - what vasculitis
wegener’s granulomatosis
usual Mx
steroids (oral, IV, inhaled)
and
immunosuppresants
ex of immunosuppresants used
cyclophosphamide
methotrexate
azathioprine
rituximab
HSP
IgA vasculitis
usually purpuric rash lower limbs of kids
inflammation due to IgA deposits
HSP triggers
URTI e.g. tonsilitis
gastroenteritis
HSP - classic features
purpura
joint pain
abdo pain
renal involvement - IgA nephropathy
HSP Mx
supportive w analgesia and hydration
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis - what does it affet
lung and skin
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis - features
severe asthma
elevated eosinophil levels on FBC
microscopic polyangiitis features
renal failure
SOB
haemoptysis
Wegner’s granulomatosis - areas it affecs
resp tract
kidneys
Wegner’s granulomatosis - features
epistaxis crusty secretions hearing loss sinusitis saddle shaped nose cough wheeze haemoptysis glomerulonephritis
Wegner’s granulomatosis - classic sign
saddle shaped nose due to perforated nasal septum
Polyarteritis Nodosa - assoc w
hepatitis B
can also occur without clear cause, with HepC, with HIV
Polyarteritis Nodosa - areas it affects
skin
GIT
kidneys
heart
Polyarteritis Nodosa - features
renal impairment
strokes
MI
livedo reticularis
Kawasaki disease - features
persistent high fever >5 days erythematous rash bilateral conjuncitivits erythema and desquamation palms+ soles strawberry tongue
Kawasaki disease - key complication
coronary artery aneurysm
Kawasaki disease - Mx
aspirin
IVIg
takayasu’s arteritis
mainly affects aorta
vessels and their branches can become narrowed and blcked
takayasu’s arteritis presentation
fever
malaise
arm claudication syncope
takayasu’s arteritis Ix
CT or MR angiography
