osteomalacia

Question 1

what

Answer 1

defective bone mineralisation

results from insuffiency vitd

Question 2

rickets

Answer 2

when occurs in children prior to growth plates fusing

Question 3

how is VitD created

Answer 3

cholesterol by skin in response to UV radiation

Question 4

risk factors for VitD defiency

Answer 4

lack sun exposure
darker skin
malabsorption e.g. IBD
CKD

Question 5

what is VitD essential for

Answer 5

calcium and phosphate absorption from gut and kidneys

regulates bone turnover + promotes bone reabsorption to boost serum calcium

Question 6

what happens if inadequate vitamin D

Answer 6

low calcium and phosphate in blood

• -> low levels Ca and P result in defective bone mineralisation
• -> 2ry hyperparathyroidism and inc PTH stimulates calcium reabsorption from bones

Question 7

presentation

Answer 7

fatigue
bone pain
muscle weakness, aches
pathological #

Question 8

looser zones

Answer 8

fragility # that go partially through bone

Question 9

Ix

Answer 9

serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D

<25 = defiency 
25-50 = insufficiency 
75+ = optimal

Question 10

serum calcium will be

Answer 10

low

Question 11

serum phosphate will be

Answer 11

low

Question 12

serum alkaline phosphatase may be

Answer 12

high

Question 13

PTH may be

Answer 13

high (2ry hyperparathyroidism)

Question 14

X rays show

Answer 14

osteopenia

Question 15

DEXA scan shows

Answer 15

low BMD

Question 16

Rx

Answer 16

supplementary vitamin D - colecalciferol