Vascular Pathology Flashcards
Vasculitis means
Inflammation of the blood vessel wall
Temporal (Giant Cell) arteritis involves
Granulomatous vasculitis that involves branches of carotid artery
Giant Cell arteritis presents with
- Headache (temporal artery involvement)
- Visual disturbance (ophthalmic artery involvement)
- Polymylagia rheumatica (flu-like symptoms with joint and muscle pain)
- Elevated ESR
Takayasu Arteritis is
Granulomatous vasculitis that classically involves the aortic arch at branch point.
Takayasu arteritis presentation
- Visual and neurologic symptoms with a weak or absent pulse in upper extremities seen in Asian females
- ESR is elevated
Polyarteritis Nodosa is
necrotizing vasculitis that involves multiple organs sparing lungs
Polyarteritis Nodosa presentation
- HT (renal artery involvement)
- Abdominal pain with melena (mesenteric artery involvement)
- Neurologic disturbance
- Skin lesions
Polyarteritis Nodosa associated with
Serum HBsAg
Polyarteritis Nodosa appearance
String of pearls due to varying stages of presentation:
- Transumural inflammation with fibrinoid necrosis
- Healed areas with fibrosis
Kawasaki Disease presentation
- Asian child <4 yr
- Fever
- Conjunctivitis
- Erythematous rash of palms and soles
- Enlarged cervical lymph nodes
Complications of Kawasaki disease
Due to Coronary artery involvement:
- Thromosis with MI
- Aneurysm with rupture
Beurger disease is
Necrotizing vasculitis involving digits
Wegener Granulomatosis is
Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis involving nasopharynx, lungs, and kidneys
Wegener Granulomatosis classic presentation
Middle-aged male with sinusitits or nasopharyngeal ulceration, hemoptysis with bilateral nodular lung infiltrates
What is found in serum with Wegener Granulomatosis
c-ANCA
Polyangiitis is
Necrotizing vasculitis involving multiple organs, especially lung and kidney
Difference between Wegener and Polyangiitis
Polyangiitis doesn’t have nasopharyngeal involvment
Polyangiitis has p-ANCA in serum
Churg-Strauss syndrome is
Necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with eosinophils involving multipe organs, especially lungs and heart
Churg-Strauss syndrome has what elevated in its serum
p-ANCA
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura is
Vasculitis due to IgA immune complex deposition
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura presents with
- Papable purpura on buttocks and legs
- GI pain and bleeding
- Hematuria (IgA nephropathy)
- Occurs after and upper respiratory tract infection
Atherosclerosis is defined as
Intimal plaque that obstructs blood flow
Arteriolosclerosis defined as
narrowing of small arterioles
divided into hyaline and hyperplastic types
Long standing HT or Diabetes leads to
Hyaline arteriolosclerosis
Onion-skin appearance of blood vessels seen in
Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
Malignant HT leads to
Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
Flea-bitten kidney with ARF seen in
Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis
