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Path > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Achondroplasia genetics

A

AD mution of FGFR3

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2
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta genetics

A

AD defect in collagen type 1 synthesis

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3
Q

Paget disease of bone is due to

A

Imbalance between osteoclast and osteoblast

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4
Q

3 stages of paget disease of bone

A
  1. Osteoclastic
  2. Mixed osteoblastic-osteoclastic
  3. Osteoblastic
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5
Q

Complications of Paget disease of bone

A
  1. High-output cardiac failure
  2. Osteosarcoma
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6
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell caused by

A

Salmonella

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7
Q

Osteoid osteoma is

A

Benign tumor of osteoblasts

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8
Q

Osteoid osteoma arise in

A

Cortex of long bone

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9
Q

What age group does Osteoid osteoma occur in

A

Male <25

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10
Q

Osteochondroma is

A

Tumor of bone with an overlying cartilage cap

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11
Q

Osteosarcoma is

A

Malignant proliferation of osteoblasts

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12
Q

Risk factors to Osteosarcoma

A

Familial retinoblastoma

Paget

Radiation

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13
Q

Osteosarcoma arise in

A

The metaphysis of long bones

Distal femur or proximal tibia

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14
Q

Codman triangle is

A

Sunburst appearance and lifting of periosteum in osteosarcoma

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15
Q

Giant cell tumor arises in

A

Epiphysis of long bones

Distal femur or proximal tibia

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16
Q

Giant cell tumor on x-ray

A

Soap-bubble appearance

17
Q

Ewing sarcoma translocation

A

t(11;22)

18
Q

Ewing sarcoma arises in

A

Diaphysis of long bones

19
Q

Joints affected by osteoarthritis

A
  1. Hips
  2. Lower lumbar spine
  3. Knees
  4. DIP
  5. PIP
20
Q

Heberden nodes

A

Osteophyte formations in DIP due to osteoarthritis

21
Q

Bouchard nodes

A

Osteophyte formation in PIP due to osteoarthritis

22
Q

RA HLA is

A

HLA-DR4

23
Q

Pannus is

A

Inflamed granulation tissue in RA

24
Q

What is spared in RA

A

DIP

25
Q

Bamboo spine is seen in

A

Ankylosing spondyloarthritis

26
Q

Reiter sydrome is

A

Arthrits, Urethritis and conjunctivitis due to a GI or Chlamydia infection

27
Q

Dermatomyositis lab findings

A
  1. Increased creatinine kinase
  2. ANA and Anti-Jo-1 ab
  3. Perimysial inflammation with perifascicular atrophy
28
Q

Myasthenia clinical

A
  1. Muscle weakness that worsens with use and imporves with rest
  2. Symptoms improve with anticholinesterase agents
  3. Thymic hyperplasia or thymoma
29
Q

Lambert-Eaton syndrome is

A

Antibodies against presynaptic Ca

30
Q

Lamber-Eaton clinical

A
  1. Proximal muscle weakness that improves with use (eyes are spared)
  2. Anticholinesterase do not improve

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