Various Terms

Question 1

Ligamentum Nuchae

Answer 1

A ligament at the back of the neck that extends from the external occipital protuberance on the skull and median nuchal line to the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra in the lower part of the neck

Question 2

Gestational Age

Answer 2

Age of fetus or newborn, in weeks, from first day of mother’s last normal period

Question 3

Conceptual Age

Answer 3

Age of fetus or newborn in weeks since conception

Question 4

Exploratory Play

Answer 4

0-2 years, child develops a body scheme, sensory integrative, and motor skills by exploring the properties of the world

Question 5

Symbolic Play

Answer 5

2-4 years, Child engages in play by using one object to represent another during make-believe play. Parallel play becomes more common.

Question 6

Creative Play

Answer 6

4-7 years, Child participates in social play with using many roles and objects. Cooperative peer groups.

Question 7

Wheelchair ramp guidelines

Answer 7

One foot of slope for every inch of rise

Question 8

Continuum of Supervision

Answer 8

1. Close: daily, direct contact at the work site
2. Routine: direct contact at least every 2 weeks with indirect communication in between
3. General: at least monthly direct contact with supervision available as needed by other methods
4. Minimal: as needed basis

Question 9

Dysmetria

Answer 9

under or overshooting a target when reaching

Question 10

Dyssynergia

Answer 10

Joints move separately when reaching for a target, rather than a smooth movement

Question 11

Dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 11

Impaired ability to perform rapid alternating movements

Question 12

Ataxia

Answer 12

Loss of motor control including tremors, dysdiadochokinesia, dyssynergia, and nystagmus

Question 13

Cogwheel rigidity

Answer 13

alternative contraction/relaxation of muscles being stretched

Question 14

Leadpipe rigidity

Answer 14

consistent contraction of muscle being stretched throughout the range

Question 15

Athetosis

Answer 15

Dyskinetic condition that includes inadequate timing, force, and accuracy of movements in the trunk/limbs. Movements are writhing and worm-like.

Question 16

Hemiballismus

Answer 16

Unilateral chorea characterized by violent, forceful movements of the proximal muscles

Question 17

Cock-up splint

Answer 17

Supports the wrist in 10-20 degrees of extension to prevent contracture and allows the digits to function.

Question 18

Resting hand splint

Answer 18

Used when the wrist, digits, and thumb need to be supported in a functional position for prolonged periods.

Question 19

Overhead suspension sling

Answer 19

arm support by a sling suspended from an overhead rod. Persons with proximal weakness with muscle grade of 1/5 to 3/5 are appropriate.

Question 20

Scleroderma

Answer 20

Rheumatic, connective tissue disease associated with impaired immune response. Three components are vascular, fibrotic, and autoimmunity. Can be limited or systematic. Causes problems based on involved organs. Connected with raynaud’s syndrome.

Question 21

Ideational Apraxia

Answer 21

A breakdown in the knowledge of what is to be done. A lack of knowledge regarding object use.

Question 22

Ideomotor apraxia

Answer 22

Purposeful movement cannot be achieved because of ineffective motor planning. Can do tasks automatically, but not on command.

Question 23

Asomatognosia

Answer 23

Diminished awareness of body structure and a failure to recognize body parts as one’s own.

Question 24

Anosognosia

Answer 24

An unawareness of deficits due to a lack of insight.

Question 25

Agnosia

Answer 25

A loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective and there is no memory loss.

Question 26

CREST syndrome

Answer 26

``` Systematic scleroderma. Calcinosis (calcium in skin) Raynaud's phenomenon Esophageal dysfunction Slerodactyly of fingers and toes Telangiectasis (red spots on hands, feet, forearms, face, and hips) ```

Question 27

Work Hardening Program

Answer 27

Interdisciplinary. Uses real or simulated work activities to address productivity, safety, physical tolerance, and work behaviors. Must be CARF accredited.

Question 28

Work Conditioning Program

Answer 28

One discipline. Uses real or simulated work activities to address flexibility, strength, movement, and endurance. Does not require accreditation.

Question 29

Ergonomic Program

Answer 29

Main focus is preventing injury by fitting the work place to the human body. Can be done through job site analysis, training, seminars, or stretching/exercise programs.

Question 30

Rehabilitation (sheltered) workshops, supported employment, and transitional employment programs

Answer 30

Multidisciplinary. Real work activities are used. Sheltered workshops pay at a piece-work rate. Competitive wage is paid at TEP and supported employment. Participants are considered employees. May transition to competitive employment or stay in sheltered workshop or supported employment permanently.

Question 31

PLISSIT model

Answer 31

``` P= permission LI= limited information SS= specific suggestions IT= intensive therapy (requires special training) ```

Question 32

Capital Expenses

Answer 32

Permanent or long term purchases or new facilities. Typically above a fixed amount. Examples: New ADL kitchen, new wing of building.

Question 33

Operating Expenses

Answer 33

The daily financial activity of the program.

Question 34

Direct Expenses

Answer 34

costs related to OT service provision including salaries, benefits, office supplies, and treatment equipment

Question 35

Indirect expenses

Answer 35

Costs shared by the setting as a whole such as utilities, housekeeping, and marketing.

Question 36

Fixed expenses

Answer 36

Remain at the same level even when there are changes in the amount of service provided (rent)

Question 37

Variable expenses

Answer 37

Change in direct proportion to the amount of services provided (splinting materials, etc.)

Question 38

Quality improvement

Answer 38

a system-oriented approach that views limitations and problems proactively as opportunities to increase quality. Blame is not attributed to others, but to organizational improvement needs.

Question 39

Total Quality Management

Answer 39

The creation of an organizational culture that enables all employees to contribute to an environment of continuous improvement

Question 40

Utilization Review

Answer 40

A plan to review the use of resources within a facility

Question 41

Risk Management

Answer 41

Identifies and corrects risk and plans the activities and resources of OT services to decrease actual or potential losses. Risks include injury, property loss/damage, and financial loss

Question 42

Stage 1 Cancer

Answer 42

tumor present, no perceived spread. Good prognosis. Operable.

Question 43

Stage 2 Cancer

Answer 43

localized spread of tumor. Operable and can be removed with margins. Responds well to treatment

Question 44

Stage 3 Cancer

Answer 44

Extensive evidence of primary tumor that has spread to other organs. Can be operated, but may leave cancer behind. Widespread evidence of cancer.

Question 45

Stage 4 Cancer

Answer 45

Inoperable lesion. Survival depends on depth and ability of tumor to respond to treatment. Unlikely to survive.

Question 46

Liminality

Answer 46

Self recognition of vulnerability and self sense of mortality