Diagnoses

Question 1

Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome

Answer 1

Progeria of childhood

Question 2

Werner’s syndrome

Answer 2

Progeria of young adults

Question 3

Presbyopia

Answer 3

Visual loss in middle and older ages due to a loss of accommodation as lens elasticity decreases

Question 4

Cataracts

Answer 4

Clouding of lens due to changes in lens proteins resulting in gradual loss of vision; Central first, then peripheral; Causes general darkening of vision, loss of acuity, distortion, and problems with glare.

Question 5

Glaucoma

Answer 5

Increased intraocular pressure, with degeneration of optic discs, atrophy of optic nerve; results in tunnel vision

Question 6

Macular Degeneration

Answer 6

Loss of central vision associated with age-related degeneration of the macula. Typically, individuals retain some peripheral vision. Increased sensitivity to glare and difficulty adjusting to light changes. May progress to total blindness.

Grid test.

Question 7

Diabetic Retinopathy

Answer 7

Retinal scarring and eventually retinal detachment causes impairment of central vision, dark spots, and blurring of vision.

Question 8

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 8

Autosomal dominant disorder causing brittle bones, deformities, eye abnormalities, and risk of hearing impairments

Question 9

Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Answer 9

Persistent, deep aching pains in muscle, non-articular origin. Characterized by well-defined tender spots.