variation

Question 1

what is variation

Answer 1

differences that exist between individuals

Question 2

what are the two types of variation

Answer 2

1 instaspecific- variation within a species
2 interspecific- variation between different species

Question 3

Variation can be _____ or ______

Answer 3

continuous - variation within a range but not any distinct categories
discontinuous- variation with two or more distinct categories each individual falls into only one there’s no intermediate

Question 4

Variations can be caused by two things

Answer 4

genetic factors or genetic factors or both…

Question 5

how does genetic factors influence variation

Answer 5

• individuals in same species have same genes but diff alleles
• genes and alleles make up its genotype
• differences in genotype result in variation in phenotype
• you inherit genes so the genetic facors are inherited

Question 6

how do environmental factors influence variation

Answer 6

variation occurs at different environments, climate food and lifestyle

environmental characteristics can change over the period of an organisms life eg. accents

Question 7

in some cases both environmental and genetic factors cause variation

Answer 7

genetic factors determine the characteristics an organisms born with but environmental factors can influence how some characteristics develop

eg. height - genes determine how tall an organisms can grow but nutrition availability affect how tall it actually grows
flagellum- genes determine if if a microorganism can grow but it might only grow in certain environments

Question 8

what would a normal distribution with a symmetrical bell curve look like with a large vs small standard variation

Answer 8

draw

Question 9

what does standard deviation measure

Answer 9

tells you how much the values in the sample vary. the spread either side of the mean

Question 10

recite the standard deviation formula

Answer 10

/—————————-
s=\/sum of (x- mean x)^2
—————————-
n-1

Question 11

what are the three types of adaptations

Answer 11

behavioural physiological anatomical

Question 12

adaptations develop due to

Answer 12

evolution by natural selection

Question 13

define adaptations

Answer 13

means an organism has features that increase its chances of survival and reproduction and also chances of its offspring reproducing successfully

Question 14

behavioral adaptations

Answer 14

the way an organism acts that increases its chances of survival

Question 15

physiological adaptations

Answer 15

processes inside an organisms body that increase its chance of survival

Question 16

anatomical (structural) adaptations

Answer 16

structural features of an organisms body that increase its chance of survival

Question 17

organisms from different taxonomic groups may have similar features even though they’re not closely related

Answer 17

this is because they have evolved in similar environments and to fill similar ecological niches (en is the role of an organism in its habitat where it eats what it eats when)

Question 18

Convergent evolution:

Answer 18

when two species evolve similar characteristics independently of one another

Question 19

marsupial mole and placental mole look alike but aren’t closely related

Answer 19

very similar anatomical features because of evolving in similar environments however evolved independently on different continents

both live in underground tunnels and burrow for food supply their adaptations include

small or no eyes
no ears - streamline
powerful paws for digging
claws for digging
tube shaped body with come head