6.5 differentiation and stem cells Flashcards

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1
Q

adult stem cells in the bone marrow differentiate into

A

blood cells eg. neutrophils or erythrocytes

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2
Q

cells in the meristems can differentiate into

A

xylem vessesls and phlomes seive tubes

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3
Q

Stem cell potency

A
  • totipotent
  • pluripotent
  • multipotent
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4
Q

totipotent stem cells

A

can differnciate into any cell type found in zygote and first 8-16 cells from first few mitopic cell divisions, could produce an entire organism

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5
Q

pluripotent stem cells

A

can form all tissue types but not whole organisms found in early embryos after 7 days

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6
Q

multipotent stem cells

A

found within certain type of tissue eg. Haematopoetic stem cells in bone marrow can give rise to types of blood cells

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7
Q

adult stem cells are used to

A

replace damage cells

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8
Q

stem cells are capable of dividing to duplicate into more undifferneciated stem cells aka

A

renewing source of
undifferentiated cells.

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9
Q

Sources of animal stem cells

A

embryonic stem cells
tissue/adult stem cells

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10
Q

sources of plant stem cells

A

meristems

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11
Q

uses of stem cells to repair damaged tissue

A

burns: stem cells grown into a biodegradable mesh is quicker than taking a graft

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12
Q

use of stem cells in neurological conditions

A

alzheimers: brain cells are destroyed, hope is to regrow healthy nerve cells

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13
Q

use of stem cells in research and biological development

A
  • drug trial: drugs can be tested on cultures of stem cells before humand and animals
  • development: their ability to divide indefinitley and differentiate into almost any cell
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14
Q

stem cells in plants are ….. for life

A

pluripotent

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15
Q

stem cells for xylem and phlome can be located in the

A

vascular cambium

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