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Uworld Gaby > UW 8 > Flashcards

UW 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Hyperandrogenism in pregnancy dxx

A
  1. Placental aeromatase deficincency: no ovarian mass, high risk of virilization for mother and fetus
  2. Luteoma: solid uni or bilateral ovarian mass. Moderate risk of virilizarion for the mother, high for the fetus
  3. Theca lutein cyst: cystic bilateral ovarian masses. modarete risk for the mother, low for the fetus
  4. Sertoli-leiding tumor: solid unilateral mass. High risk of virilization for mother and fetus

1, 2, 3: Regretion after pregnancy when B-hCG levels drop

  1. Remove during 2nd trimester or postpartum
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2
Q

B12 deficiency clinical manifestations

A

Peripheral neuropathy, paresthesia, confusion, irritabily, depresion, pyschosis
glositis (shiny tonge)
Subacute combine degenerations: affects dorsal colums, corticospinal and spinocerebellar tracts

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3
Q

requirements for strength training in kids

A

> 8 years old
shows interest in activity
supervised training

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4
Q

Clues to differentiate prerenal than intrinsic AKI

A

Sediment:
No sediment in prerenal

Intertitial nephritis: WBC on urianalysis

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5
Q

intranuclear ophtalmoplegia

A

impaired abduction on lateral gaze

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6
Q

Risk factors for MS (4)

A

Female, white, HLA-DRB21

Cold climates, farther from the ecuador , decreased sun light

Vitamin D deficiency

Smoking

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7
Q

Ca-125

A

Ovarian epithelial tumor (adenocarcinoma)

abdomial distation, bloating, bowel obstruction, adnexal mass

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8
Q

Ovarian tumor with

a. AFP
b. AFP+BhCG

A

a. Endodermal (yolk sack): Very agressive seen in young children. Gross exam shows a yellow solid mass
b. Embryonal carcinoma: seen in adolescents. May present with precocious puberty and abnormal uterine bleeding

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9
Q

Choriocarcinoma

A

Elevated B-hCG

During or after pregnancy. May be associated with theca-lutein cysts

Prenancy like symptoms. Severe nausea and vomiting

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10
Q

Dysgerminoma

A

Elevated LDH
Most common seen in adolescent
Fried egg appereance

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11
Q

Granulosa cell tumor

A

Elevated stradiol and ihibin

Seen en women in their 50s

Produces strogen and progesterone. Breast tenderness and enlargment

Endometrial proliferation. Hyperplasia or cancer. Abnormal uterine bleeding or postmenopausal

Call-exner bodies in histology

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12
Q

ABCDE of melanoma and other visual assesment

A

Asymetry, Border (irregular), Color variation (within lesion or compared to others); Diameter: >6mm, Evolving appearance over time

7 point check list (>1 major, >3minor)

major: change in size, color, shape
minor: >7mm, local inflamation, crusting/bleeding, sensory symptoms

Ugly dukling sing

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13
Q

Risk factors for aplastic anemia

A

Autoinmune
Post viral: Parvo, EBV, CMV, Hepatitis, HIV
Medications: Sulfa, chloranphenichol, propythiouracil, metamizol, sulfas, cabamazepine, alcohol, chemotherapy
Chemicals: cleaning solvents, benzene

Hypocellular bone marrow with fat infiltration

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14
Q

Pulmonary edema description on chest xray

A

Ground glass appearance

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15
Q

Triad of fat embolism

A

Respiratory distress
Neurologic dysfunction (Confusion)
Petechial rash

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16
Q

Sarcoidosis presentation

A 
GRUELING
Granulomas (non caseating)
aRthristis (polyarticular migratory)
Uveitis
Erythema nodosum
Lymphadenopathy (particularly perihiliar)
Idiopathic
Negative TB test
Gammaglobulinemia

Also: 2nd a 3rd degree branch block. Hypercalcemia (granuloma), hypercalciuria, elevated ALP (if liver is involved), lymphopenia, elevated ACE, renal involment

17
Q

HIV patient with bloody diarrhea and CD4<50

A

CMV: frquent small volume, bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain

Mycobacterium causes watery diarrhea with HIGH fever

18
Q

Diarrhea dxx in HIV

A

CD4 <180: crysptosporidium
Severe watery diarrhea, low grade fever, weight loss

CD4<100: mycosporidium
watery diarrhea, fever is rare, crampy adbominal pain

CD4<50: Mycobacterium
watery diarrhea with HIGH fever

CD4<50 CMV:
frequent small volume BLOODY diarrhea and abdominal pain, low grade fever

19
Q

CMV bowel biosy

A

eosinophilic intranuclear and basophilic cytoplasmatic inclusion

20
Q

CMV diarrhea managment

A

Bowl biopsy
Gancyclovir and ARVT

Ocular examination to rule out concurrent retinitis

21
Q

Travelers diarrhea

A

Short term
Rotavirus: brief
Norovirus: vominting common
ETEC
Salmonella
Shiguella: fever, bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain
Campylobacter; prominet abdominal pain, psudoapendicitis, bloody diarrhea

Long term:
Entamieba: bloody
Crysptospodrium
Cyclospora
Giardia: fat malapsorption, bloating or asymptomatic
22
Q

Treatment for severe asthma exacerbation

A

B2 agonist
Ipratropium (muscarinic antagonis)
Corticosteroids

Considered endotracheal intubation if Hypercabia due to muscle fatigue

23
Q

SSRI avoided in MI patients

A

Citalopran do to increased risk of prolongation of QT

Uworld Gaby (77 decks)

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