UW 14 Flashcards
Glycogen storage disease (just the names)
Pompe
McArdel
Cori
von Girke
Glycogen storage disease (some features of each)
Pompe: normal glucose, cardiomegaly
McArdel: musle fatigue and weakness during exercise
Cori: lactid acidosis, ketotic hypoglycemia, hypotonia
von Girke: hepatomegaly, fasting hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis. Hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia
Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea
Stress, low calorie intake, anorexia nervosa, excesive exercise, weight loss ==>
Increased: Ghrelin, Neuropeptid Y, CRH, Gaba, B-endorphines /// Decreased: leptin ==>
Inhibit GnRH ==> Inhibit LH/FSH secretion
No strogen
There will be no withdrawal bleed on progestin challenge because there is not strogen to form an endometrium. Vaginal dryness and low bone density can also be seen
Causes of prerenal acute kidney injury
Volume depletion (hemorrhage) Low effective volume (CHF, cirrhosis,) Displacement of intravascular fluid (pancreatitis, sepsis) Renal stenosis afferent vasocontriction (NSAIDs)
Labs in prerenal acute kidney injury
No sediment 50% increased in creatinine >20:1 BUN/Creatinine ratio <1 FeNa Decreased urine output
Treatment: give liquids
Loud pulmonary component of second heart sound
Pulmonary hypertension
Location of spermatocele
Superior to the testicle (not within)
Young men with a painless nodule on testicle
THINK TESTICULAR CANCER
Sometimes noticed after trauma to the testicle or during sexual activity.. although its not related
Painful mass on the testicle after trauma
Hamotocele (within tunica vaginalis)
Painless mass a while after a trauma.. Think testicular cancer
Labs in primary adrenal insuficiency
Low cortisol (fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss)
Low aldosterone (Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, orthostatic hypotension)
Elevated renin
Elevated ACTH (skin hyperpigmentation)
Low androstenedione, dihaydroandrosterone
