Step3 36 Flashcards
Viral myositis vs. Rhabdomyolysis
Hematuria and Renal damage on Rhabdomyositis
UA of interstitial nephritis vs. nephritic sd
Interstitial nephritis:
WBC cast
Eosinofiluria / Eosifilia
WBC
Nephritic sd.: Proteinuria Hematuria Azotemia RBC cast Oliguria Hypertension
Cat/Dog bite vs. Cat scratch
Pasteurella
Treat with: Amoxi
Bartonella:
Treat with Macrolide
Screening for Abdominal Aorta Aneurysm
Men 65-75
Any smoking history
Duplex US (one time)
Upper age limit for PSA testing
70 years old
Physical examination of Hirschprung disease
Tight anal sphincter
Empty rectal vault
Distended abdomen
Forceful stool expulsion during rectal exam
Futility of a trial
Inability to find an answer (eg. treatment is not working) doesn’t matter if it is not hurting the patient
Treatment of Strongyloidiasis
Albendazol or ivermectin
Pneumoconiosis with small nodules
Coal: upper lobes
Silicosis: egg shell calcifications, upper lobes
Cardiac manifestations of Kawasaki Disease
Coronary artery aneurism +/- calcifications
May lead to acute coronary sd
Precipitating factor and presentation of hepatic encephalopathy
Medications: sedatives, narcotics Hypovolemia: diarrhea Increase nitrogen load: GI bleed, constipation, diet Infection: pneumonia, UTI Portosystemic shunting
Sleep pattern changes
Altered mental status
Asterixis
Ataxia
Treatment of Hepatic encephalopathy
Correct precipitating cause: fluids, antibiotics, stop medication
Lactulose
Rifaximin if lactulose fails
Antidepressant discontinuation sd.
2-3 days after abrupt medication discontinuation (especially short-acting like paroxetine or venlafaxine)
Physical symptoms: myalgias, pain, headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, tremor, paresthesias, electric shock.
Psychological symptoms: dysphoria, irritability, anxiety
Restart medication and reassure. If the patient wants to switch medications due to side effects, restart and taper down
Treatment of severe hypercalcemia in patients with cancer
Acute: hydration and calcitonin
Long term: bisphosphonates (zoledronic acid, alendronate)
Eyes in _________ intoxication
Opioids
Cocaine
PCP
Marihuana
Opioids: miosis
Cocaine: mydriasis
PCP: horizontal nystagmus
Marihuana: conjunctival injection
