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Uworld Gaby > Step3 11 > Flashcards

Step3 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Clinical features of OCD

A

Obsessions:
Persistent, intrusive unwanted thoughts, anxiety-producing

Compulsion
Take up of your time
Do not “solve” the obsession

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2
Q

Treatment for OCD

A

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

SSRI

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3
Q

Genetics of X linked dominant disorders

A

All females offsprings of affected men have the condition

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4
Q

Genetics of X linked recessive disorder

A

50% of male offspring of female carrier have the disease

50% of female offspring of a female carrier are carriers

WOMEN NEVER HAVE THE DISEASE

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5
Q

Genetics of mitochondrial disorders

A

All offsprings from affected mothers have the condition

Only daughters pass it along

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6
Q

What is MELAS

A

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes

Stroke-like episodes: hemiparesis, vision abnormalities (due to mitochondrial dysfunction, not corresponding to artery distribution)
Seizure
Muscle weakness
Hearing loss
Lactic acidosis
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7
Q

When do you see hemosiderin-laden macrophages in pulmonary lavage

A

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhagic sd.

Anti-GMB
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Other systemic vasculitides

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8
Q

What do you use a high-resolution chest CT scan for

A

Diagnosis of interstitial lung disease

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9
Q

Diagnostic study for bronchial obstruction

A

Bronchoscopy… can take biopsy

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10
Q

What happens if you use too much topical antibiotic

A

Acute contact dermatitis

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11
Q

Medication that can worsen prostatic hyperplasia

A

Antihistamines can worsen prostatic hyperplasia

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12
Q

Periodic breathing

A

<6 months of age

Cycles of:
5-10 sec of breathing pauses
10-15 sec of shallow rapid breathing
Return to normal breath

Reassure parents

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13
Q

Giardiasis clinical presentation

A

Loose, fatty, foul-smelling stools
Abdominal cramps
Flatulence
Weight loss

Chronic:
Malabsorption (eg. lactose intolerance)
Profound weight loss
Vitamin deficiency

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14
Q

Management of Giardiasis

A

Hands hygiene with soap and water
ATB for symptomatic/positive test patients (Tinidazole)
Avoid use of recreational water bodies if symptomatic

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15
Q

Secondary cause of hypertension

<20 years of age

A

Renal parenchymal disease

Coarctation of the aorta

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16
Q

Secondary cause of Hypertension

21-39

A

Hypo/hyper thyroidsm

Fibromuscular dysplasia

Renal Parenchymal disease

17
Q

Secondary cause of renal hypertension

40-64

A

Hyper/Hypo thyroidism

Sleep apnea

Hyperaldosteronism

18
Q

Secondary cause of renal hypertension

> 65

A

Renal artery stenosis

CKD

19
Q

Labs in PCOS

A

Elevated testosterone
Elevated estrogen
Increased LH/FSH ratio

20
Q

Comorbidities in PCOS

A

Endometrial hyperplasia/cancer

Metabolic syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

21
Q

Treatment of PCOS

A

Weight loss
Oral contraceptive for menstrual regulation
Letrozole for ovulation induction

22
Q

Meniere disease triad

A

Vertigo
Hearing loss
Tinnitus

23
Q

Treatment for Herpes zoster

A

Oral valacyclovir 3 times a day for 7 days
Oral acyclovir 5 times a day for 7 days
IV acyclovir for severe infection or immunocompromised

If >72hrs from the onset of symptoms… just analgesia and zinc oxide-based cream

24
Q

Exposure to VZV in health care personnel

A

If immune (vaccine or had disease), do nothing

If not immune: give vaccine <5 days from exposure (varicella vaccine, not herpes zoster vaccine)

If immunocompromised or pregnant: immunoglobulin +/- antiviral medication

Mask and glove if patient has disseminate zoster infection

25
Q

Pain management in Herpes Zoster

A

Acute (<30days): NSAID, analgesic

Subacute ( 1-4 months): NSAID, analgesic

Postherpetic neuralgia (>4months): TCAs, gabapentin, pregabalin

26
Q

Cough-variant asthma

A

Cough is the predominant symptom

May not have wheezing or SOB

Treat as regular asthma

27
Q

Interpretation of V/Q test

A

Low pretest + low V/Q prob: PE excluded

Normal V/Q + any pretest prob: PE excluded

High Pretest + high V/Q prob: PE confirmed

Any other combination: do more studies

28
Q

Wells criteria for Pulmonary embolism

A

+3
Clinical signs of DVT
Other diagnoses less likely

+1.5
Hx of DVT
Recent immobilization
HR >100

+1
Hemoptysis
Cancer

> 4 PE likely

4 or less PE less likely

29
Q

REMEMBER

A

Allergic reaction to contrast is a contraindication for studies

30
Q

Increased risk of breast cancer in men

A

Fx with BRCA mutations (think if hx of breast and ovarian cancer in the family)

Klinnefelter sd (extra X chromosome)

Other condition with elevated estrogen to androgen ratio: hepatic dysfunction, marihuana, obesity (very small risk)

Uworld Gaby (77 decks)

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