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Uworld Gaby > UW 17 > Flashcards

UW 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Osteoarthritis presentation and managment

A

Joint pain that worsens with activity, weight bearing and after long periods of rest. Morning stiffness last <30 min
Crepitus
Decreased range of motion

Xray: joint space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral cyst

NSAIDs, strength exercise
Surgery eventually

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2
Q

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder

A

Low/lack of sexual desire or arousal. Failure to initiate or reciprocate partners intent

Can not be explained by other pathology

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3
Q

Loss of peripheral vision… eye finding

A

Disc cupping

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4
Q

Ocular arterial vs vein obstruction

A

Arterial:
Pale retina, cherry red spot on macula
Considered a ischemic attack
Treat with massage + high flow O2

Venous:
Vein dilation, swollen disc, hemorrhages
Associated with Hypertension

Sudden painless vision loss

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5
Q

Sarcoma botryoides

A

Presents in childhood
Non-friable mass protruding from the vagina
Looks like a cluster of grapes

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6
Q

Solid liver masses dxx (just the names)

A 
Focal nodular hyperplasia
Hepatic adenoma
Regenerative nodules
Hepatocellylar carcinoma
Metastasis
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7
Q

Solid liver masses dxx carachteristic

A

Focal nodular hyperplasia: more common in women, asymptomatic or mass effect. Arterial flow and central scar on imaging.

Hepatic adenoma: Women on OCPs. Can bleed, UQP, maligant trasformation. Well demarcated hyperecoic lesions on US and early enhancement on contrast CT

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8
Q

Solid liver masses dxx carachteristic

A

Focal nodular hyperplasia: more common in women, asymptomatic or mass effect. Arterial flow and central scar on imaging.

Hepatic adenoma: Women on OCPs. Can bleed, UQP, maligant trasformation. Can present with cholestatic pattern due to compresion

Regenerative nodules: acute or chronic liver injury (eg. cirrhosis)

Hepatocellular:

MT

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9
Q

Listeria mechanism of infection

A

Unpasteurized milk product
Deli meat
Raw meat/vegtables

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10
Q

Listeria mechanism of infection

A

Unpasteurized milk product
Deli meat
Raw meat/vegetables

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11
Q

Longitudinal dark lines on nail

A

Melanoma

if its in multiple nails and <3mm.. usually bening

Just one nail… bad news

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12
Q

Borderline characteristics and treatment

A

IMPASES

Interpersonal relationships / Impulsivity
Mood instability
Paranoia/dissociation
Anger / abandonment
Suicidal / Self harm
Emptiness
Self image

Treat: therapy, low potency antipsychotics, mood stabilizer, SSRI (depending on symptoms)

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13
Q

Bone tumor according to location and xray description

A

Diaphysis:
Ewin sarcoma: “onion skin peoriostial reaction”, mottle apeareance
Osteoid osteoma:

Metaphysis:
Osteosarcoma: periosteal elevation, sun burst
Osteochrondroma: bone exocitosis with articular cap

Epiphysis:
Giant cell/osteoclastoma: soap bubble appearance

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14
Q

Constitutionally small infant

A

<10% estimated fetal weight

Small mother, asian

Normal umbilical doppler, normal everything

No long term complication

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15
Q

Ascertainment bias

A

Atypical results of a study are extrapolated to the general population

A type of selection bias

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16
Q

Susceptibility bias

A

A type of selection bias

When the severity of the illness predisposes conduct and therefore… survival or outcome

17
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A

Dot and blot hemorrhages, exudates, macular edema +/- neovascularization

18
Q

Colonic pseudoobstruction

A

Ogielve sd

Seen in older men, post surgery, severely ill, electrolyte imbalance

Same symptoms as instestinal obstruction
Xray: dilation of cecum, ascending colon.. can involve the rest

No evidence of obstruction (enema, oral contrast goes through the whole thing)

Management: bowel rest, tube decompression. Neostigmine if no improvement after 48 hrs

19
Q

Dormant malaria infection

A

Plasmodium vivax

Less severe symptoms than infection with falciparum (african countries)

Requires both chloroquine and primaquine

20
Q

DiGeorge sd

A

CATCH 22

Conotruncal abnormalities (tetralogy, troncus arteriosus)
Abnormal fascies
Thymic hypoplasia
Cranial deformities
Hypoparatharoidsm/hypocalcemia
22
21
Q

Hordeolum vs. Chalazion

A

Hordeolum: eyelash follicle (external) or meibomian gland (internal). Ussually painful

Chalazion: granulomatous reaction of meibomian gland. Usually painless

both managed with warm compress

22
Q

Pathologic vascular findings in Pulmuary hypertension due to

Pulmonary fibrosis

Conective tissue disorder

A

Connective tissue disorder: narrowing and oblitarion of arterioles and capilaries

Pulmonary fibrosis: intimal hyperplasia

23
Q

Fetal alcohol sd

A

Smooth filtrum
Thin upper lip
Low set ears
Small eye opening

Growth retardation

Cognitive impairment
ADHD

24
Q

Trisomy 18

A 
Severe intellectual disabilities
Rocker bottom feet
Low set ears
Micrognathia
Clenched hands (index over 3rd and pinky over 4th)
Prominet occiput

Ventricular septal defect

25
Q

Hormone levels in a cortisol producing adenoma

A
  1. Low ACTH and DHAES (dihydroepiandosterone its ACTH dependant)
  2. Elevated cortisol not suppressed by high or low dose dexa
26
Q

Maternal SLE cardiac complication for baby

A

AV block

27
Q

DRESS sd

A

Drug (allopurinoll and antiepilectics)
Rash (morbiliform starts in face and upper trunk and spread to whole body), facial ediema
Eosinophilia
Systemic symptoms: fever, generalized adenopathies 90% have >1 organ involved. (liver, kidney)

(2 - 8 weeks after drug initiation)

Treatment: stop drug and supportive care

28
Q

Latex agglutination heterophile antibodies

A

For EBV diagnosis (mononucleosis)

29
Q

How much does Na lower with elevated glucose?

A

1.6 per 100mg/dl of glucose

30
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder time frame

A

> 6months of symptoms.

Usually have a long time hx of anxiety

31
Q

Side effect of antiemetic

A

Metroclopramida, clomethazine, clorpromethazine are dopamine antagonist and cause EPS

32
Q

Patient starting on Isotreitonin and Side effects

A

LFTs
Double contraception method. Monthly pregnancy test
2 negative pregnancy test before starting

Side effects
Pseudotumor cerebri
Dyslipidemis
Cheilitis, dry skin
Teratogenic
Mialgias

Uworld Gaby (77 decks)

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