UW 17 Flashcards
Osteoarthritis presentation and managment
Joint pain that worsens with activity, weight bearing and after long periods of rest. Morning stiffness last <30 min
Crepitus
Decreased range of motion
Xray: joint space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral cyst
NSAIDs, strength exercise
Surgery eventually
Female sexual interest/arousal disorder
Low/lack of sexual desire or arousal. Failure to initiate or reciprocate partners intent
Can not be explained by other pathology
Loss of peripheral vision… eye finding
Disc cupping
Ocular arterial vs vein obstruction
Arterial:
Pale retina, cherry red spot on macula
Considered a ischemic attack
Treat with massage + high flow O2
Venous:
Vein dilation, swollen disc, hemorrhages
Associated with Hypertension
Sudden painless vision loss
Sarcoma botryoides
Presents in childhood
Non-friable mass protruding from the vagina
Looks like a cluster of grapes
Solid liver masses dxx (just the names)
Focal nodular hyperplasia Hepatic adenoma Regenerative nodules Hepatocellylar carcinoma Metastasis
Solid liver masses dxx carachteristic
Focal nodular hyperplasia: more common in women, asymptomatic or mass effect. Arterial flow and central scar on imaging.
Hepatic adenoma: Women on OCPs. Can bleed, UQP, maligant trasformation. Well demarcated hyperecoic lesions on US and early enhancement on contrast CT
Solid liver masses dxx carachteristic
Focal nodular hyperplasia: more common in women, asymptomatic or mass effect. Arterial flow and central scar on imaging.
Hepatic adenoma: Women on OCPs. Can bleed, UQP, maligant trasformation. Can present with cholestatic pattern due to compresion
Regenerative nodules: acute or chronic liver injury (eg. cirrhosis)
Hepatocellular:
MT
Listeria mechanism of infection
Unpasteurized milk product
Deli meat
Raw meat/vegtables
Listeria mechanism of infection
Unpasteurized milk product
Deli meat
Raw meat/vegetables
Longitudinal dark lines on nail
Melanoma
if its in multiple nails and <3mm.. usually bening
Just one nail… bad news
Borderline characteristics and treatment
IMPASES
Interpersonal relationships / Impulsivity Mood instability Paranoia/dissociation Anger / abandonment Suicidal / Self harm Emptiness Self image
Treat: therapy, low potency antipsychotics, mood stabilizer, SSRI (depending on symptoms)
Bone tumor according to location and xray description
Diaphysis:
Ewin sarcoma: “onion skin peoriostial reaction”, mottle apeareance
Osteoid osteoma:
Metaphysis:
Osteosarcoma: periosteal elevation, sun burst
Osteochrondroma: bone exocitosis with articular cap
Epiphysis:
Giant cell/osteoclastoma: soap bubble appearance
Constitutionally small infant
<10% estimated fetal weight
Small mother, asian
Normal umbilical doppler, normal everything
No long term complication
Ascertainment bias
Atypical results of a study are extrapolated to the general population
A type of selection bias
Susceptibility bias
A type of selection bias
When the severity of the illness predisposes conduct and therefore… survival or outcome
Diabetic retinopathy
Dot and blot hemorrhages, exudates, macular edema +/- neovascularization
Colonic pseudoobstruction
Ogielve sd
Seen in older men, post surgery, severely ill, electrolyte imbalance
Same symptoms as instestinal obstruction
Xray: dilation of cecum, ascending colon.. can involve the rest
No evidence of obstruction (enema, oral contrast goes through the whole thing)
Management: bowel rest, tube decompression. Neostigmine if no improvement after 48 hrs
Dormant malaria infection
Plasmodium vivax
Less severe symptoms than infection with falciparum (african countries)
Requires both chloroquine and primaquine
DiGeorge sd
CATCH 22
Conotruncal abnormalities (tetralogy, troncus arteriosus) Abnormal fascies Thymic hypoplasia Cranial deformities Hypoparatharoidsm/hypocalcemia 22
Hordeolum vs. Chalazion
Hordeolum: eyelash follicle (external) or meibomian gland (internal). Ussually painful
Chalazion: granulomatous reaction of meibomian gland. Usually painless
both managed with warm compress
Pathologic vascular findings in Pulmuary hypertension due to
Pulmonary fibrosis
Conective tissue disorder
Connective tissue disorder: narrowing and oblitarion of arterioles and capilaries
Pulmonary fibrosis: intimal hyperplasia
Fetal alcohol sd
Smooth filtrum
Thin upper lip
Low set ears
Small eye opening
Growth retardation
Cognitive impairment
ADHD
Trisomy 18
Severe intellectual disabilities Rocker bottom feet Low set ears Micrognathia Clenched hands (index over 3rd and pinky over 4th) Prominet occiput
Ventricular septal defect
Hormone levels in a cortisol producing adenoma
- Low ACTH and DHAES (dihydroepiandosterone its ACTH dependant)
- Elevated cortisol not suppressed by high or low dose dexa
Maternal SLE cardiac complication for baby
AV block
DRESS sd
Drug (allopurinoll and antiepilectics)
Rash (morbiliform starts in face and upper trunk and spread to whole body), facial ediema
Eosinophilia
Systemic symptoms: fever, generalized adenopathies 90% have >1 organ involved. (liver, kidney)
(2 - 8 weeks after drug initiation)
Treatment: stop drug and supportive care
Latex agglutination heterophile antibodies
For EBV diagnosis (mononucleosis)
How much does Na lower with elevated glucose?
1.6 per 100mg/dl of glucose
Generalized anxiety disorder time frame
> 6months of symptoms.
Usually have a long time hx of anxiety
Side effect of antiemetic
Metroclopramida, clomethazine, clorpromethazine are dopamine antagonist and cause EPS
Patient starting on Isotreitonin and Side effects
LFTs
Double contraception method. Monthly pregnancy test
2 negative pregnancy test before starting
Side effects Pseudotumor cerebri Dyslipidemis Cheilitis, dry skin Teratogenic Mialgias
