Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

First year > useful stuff > Flashcards

useful stuff Flashcards

1
Q

safety muscle of mouth

A

genioglossus

only muscle to propel tongue forwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

foramen ovale

A 
otic ganglion
V3
accessory meningeal artery 
lesser petrosal nerve CN IX 
emissary veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what attaches to the oblique line of mandible

A

depressor labii inferioris

depressor anguli oris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what attaches to incisive fossa of mandible

A

mentalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

identifying hypoglossal nerve CN XII

A

cross over carotid sheath/ internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

lateral to hyoglossus

A

between mylohyoid and hyoglossus

submandibular gland and duct
sublingual gland 
submandibular ganglion
lingual nerve CN V3
chorda tyampni CN VII
hypoglossal nerve CN XII
deep lingual vein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

medial to hyoglossus

A

between hyoglossus and genioglossus

stylohyoid ligament
glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX
lingual artery (ECA)
dorsal lingual vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

hyoid vertebral level

A

C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bifurcation of CCA (carotid sinus) vertebral level

A

C3-C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

thyroid cartilage vertebral level

A

C4-C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cricoid cartilage vertebral level

A

C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

thyroid gland vertebral level

A

C5-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

jugular notch vertebral level

A

T2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

aortic arch

A

T3-T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sternal angle/ bifurcation of trachea/ superior and inferior mediastinum

A

T4-T5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

xiphoid process

A

T9-T10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hilum vertebral level

A

T5-T7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

extradural/ epidural haemorrhage

A

bleeding between skull and dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

subdural haemorrhage

A

bleeding between arachnoid mater and dural mater layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

subarachnoid haemorrahage

A

rupture of main blood vessel between arachnoid mater and pia mater with CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

intercerebral haemorrhage

A

bleeding inside brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

substantia nigra

A

basal ganglia in midbrain for reward and movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

eagle syndrome

A

calcified stylophyoid ligament and abnormally large styloid process

24
Q

test branches for facial nerve

A 
crease forhead/ raise eyebrows
close eyes against resistance 
puff out cheeks
reveal teeth
purse lips
25
Q

reason for hoarse voice

A

one side of vocal fold is damaged

26
Q

between false and true vocal folds

A

vestibule

27
Q

vocal folds open

A

inspiration and phonation

28
Q

vocal folds closed

A

swallowing, defaecation, parturition

29
Q

parasympathetic cranial nerves

A

III
VII
IX
X

30
Q

attachments to mastoid process

A

lateral - SCM

medial (digastric fosssa/ mastoid notch) - posterior belly of digastric

31
Q

infection spread of a swelling at third maxillary molar

A

maxillary sinus -> pterygoid venous plexus -> cavernous sinus

32
Q

lobes for speech

A

both supplied by middle cerebral artery

frontal lobe - Broca’s area, superior branch
non-fluent speech, poorly articulated, slow

temporal lobe - Wernicke’s area, inferior branch
fluent speech, no meaning or understanding

33
Q

facial nerve in petrous part of temporal bone

A

enters via internal acoustic meatus and leaves via stylomastoid foramen
greater petrosal nerve (lacrimal gland, paranasal sinuses)
nerve to stapedius (stapedius)
chorda tympani (submandibular, sublingual, anterior 2/3 tongue)

34
Q

enophthalmos

A

posterior displacement of eyeball due to changes in volume of orbital cavity (blow out fracture)

35
Q

diplopia

A

extraocular muscle trapped in fracture/ neurovascular problem
see two images of single object

36
Q

preseptal cellulitis

A

bacterial infection of eyelids

37
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

lesion of sympathetic fibres to head

ptosis (paralysis of superior tarsal)
miosis (pupillary constriction)
anhidriosis (vasodilation, red, flushed skin)

38
Q

conjuctivitis

A

inflammation of conjunctiva

39
Q

cataract

A

opacity/ clouding of lens reduces refractory index

40
Q

draining abscess of neck

A

big vessels

marginal mandibular nerve of CN VII

41
Q

dilated cardiomyopathy

A

enlarged heart usnable to pump blood (diastolic failure)

42
Q 
bradycardia
tachycardia
arrhythmia 
ectopic 
asystole
A 
slow heart rate
fast heart rate 
normal increase in heart during inspiration
earlier atrial/ ventricular heart beat 
flat line/ no electrical activity
43
Q

ECG

A

P wave - atrial depolarisation (frequency is atrial rate)
PR segment - continuation of atrial depolarisation
QRS complex - ventricular depolarisation (frequency is ventricular rate)
ST segment - between ventricular depolarisation and repolarisation
T wave - ventricular repolarisation (flat line after T wave is ventricular diastole)
U wave - papillary muscle and Purkinje fibres repolarisation

44
Q

pharyngeal plexus

A

axons from CN IX, X, XI
pharyngeal branch of X via pharyngeal plexus
all pharyngeal and soft palate muscles except stylopharngeus CN IX and tensor veli palatini CN V3

45
Q

1st pharyngeal arch

nerve
muscle
cartilage
development of tongue

A 
CN V
muscles of mastication 
mylohyoid 
anterior belly of digastric 
tensor veli palatini
tensor tympani

incus
malleus

anterior 2/3 tongue

46
Q

2nd pharyngeal arch

nerve
muscle
cartilage
development of tongue

A

CN VII

muscles of facial expression
stapedius
stylohyoid
posterior belly of digastric

lesser horn and upper body of hyoid
stapes
styloid process
stylohyoid ligament

regresses

47
Q

3rd pharyngeal arch

nerve
muscle
cartilage
development of tongue

A

CN IX

stylopharyngeus

greater horn and lower body of hyoid

posterior 1/3 tongue

48
Q

4th pharyngeal arch

nerve
muscle
cartilage
development of tongue

A

CN X superior laryngeal branch

pharyngeal muscles
cricothyroid

thyroid cartilage
cricocoid cartilage

pharynx

49
Q

5th pharyngeal arch

nerve
muscle
cartilage
development of tongue

A

disintegrates later in embryological development

50
Q

6th pharyngeal arch

nerve
muscle
cartilage
development of tongue

A

CN X recurrent laryngeal branch

laryngeal muscles

arytenoid cartilage

51
Q

death in shallow water

A

hypoxia from holding breath too long

52
Q

NO formation

A

vasodilator

nitrogen burning: N2 + O2 -> 2NO
commercial production: 4NH3 + 5O2 –Pt 750⁰C–> 4NO + 6H2O

further oxidation: 2NO + O2 -> 2NO2

53
Q

waste bag colours

A 
non-infected waste (black, black/ yellow) 
clinical waste/ sharps (yellow) 
amalgam waste (white)
anatomical waste (red) 
medicinal waste (blue)
54
Q

5 times of hand washing

A

ayliffe handwashing technique

before patient contact
before aseptic task
after body fluid exposure risk
after patient contact
after contact with patient surroundings
55
Q

steps for fissure sealant

A

prophylaxis - action to prevent disease

moisture control - isolate, saliva

etch - 37.5% H3PO4 15 seconds

wash - 15 seconds

dry - 15 seconds

apply resin - unfilled resin or GIC (glass isomer cement), 1/3 of cusp height, not beyond marginal ridge, apply with pear shaped burnisher

cure - curing light and shield 20 seconds

56
Q

identifying caries

A

visual inspection
transillumination
radiographs

First year (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions